Banten invasions of Pajajaran
| Banten invasions of Pajajaran | |||||||||
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| Part of Islamization of Indonesia | |||||||||
,_NG-400-I.jpg) Depiction of Batu Tulis of Buitenzorg, 1770.[1] | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Banten SultanateSupported by:  Demak Sultanate Cirebon Sultanate | Sunda Kingdom | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
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Maulana Yusuf Maulana Hasanuddin |
Queen Dewata † Nilakendra (MIA) Raga Mulya † Tohaan Sarendet † Tohaan Sangiang † | ||||||||
Banten invasions of Pajajaran, also called as Conquest of Pajajaran was a military campaign launched by Banten Sultanate to conquer Sunda Kingdom in West Java. The invasions resulted in Banten decisive victory. Banten forces were capturing most of the Sundanese inscription, the famous one is Batutulis inscription. After the invasions, Banten Sultanate managed to started periodes on spread of Islam in West Java.
Background
[edit]In 1526, the Demak Sultanate and Sultanate of Cirebon launched military conquest on Banten Girang. The main objective of the conquest was to start the Islamization on Banten. With the weakened of the Sunda Kingdom influences in Banten and the low morale of the Sunda forces, the Demak–Cirebon joint forces attacked the port of Banten. After capturing the port, the Demak-Cirebon forces start to attack Banten Girang and succeeded to killed the King of Sunda and establishing the new Sultanate called Banten Sultanate with the Maulana Hasanuddin, the son of Sunan Gunungjati, as the first sultan.[2]
In 1527, the Banten Sultanate planned the invasions on Sunda Kingdom. The main objective of the invasion was to start Islamized the West Java and also ended the Hindu–Buddha rule on West Java. With the weakened and the internal conflict of Sunda Kingdom, the Banten Sultanate started their invasions.[3]
Invasions
[edit]The invasions divided by three phases. However on the first phase of this invasions, the Banten forces quickly attacked Bubat, the main port of Sunda Kingdom. After attacking the Bubat, the Banten forces able to marched through Pajajaran. However with the defense of Sundanese forces, the Banten forces retreated to Bubat.[4]
On the second phase of invasions, the Banten forces managed to defeat the Pajajaran defenses and crossed through Pajajaran. After they arrived to Pajajaran, they managed to burned the royal palace of Sunda Kingdom. Many of the royal family were killed or decided to run away to another places.[5][6]
After the destruction of royal palace of Sunda Kingdom, the Banten forces continued their invasions again. On the third phase of invasions, the Banten forces managed to plunder and sacked the Pakuan Pajajaran. After the sacking of Pajajaran, the Banten forcss quickly attacked Pulosari, Priangan, and Pandeglang After the invasions, the Sunda Kingdom was annexed by Banten Sultanate.[7]
Aftermath
[edit]After the invasions, the Sunda kingdom was completely destroyed and destructed by the Banten Sultanate. Sundanese old town or buildings were burned into the ground. In addition, Banten capture and steal many Sundanese inscriprions, such as Batutulis inscription. After the invasions, the Banten Sultanate start the Islamization on West Java.[8][9]
References
[edit]- ^ Rijks Museum: Het Gezigt van Bato Tulis
- ^ Hendri, Isnaeni (2019-06-13). "Demak Mengislamkan Banten". Historia.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-02-09.
- ^ Verella, Devanka (2023-10-26). "Mengapa Kesultanan Banten Menyerang Pajajaran?" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-02-09.
- ^ Afif, Khoirul (2023-11-22). "Dari Pakuan ke Banten, Sejarah Perang dan Penaklukan Kerajaan Pajajaran". intisari.grid.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-02-09.
- ^ Avirista, Midaada (2024-05-23). "Kuatnya Kerajaan Pajajaran Bikin Banten Menyerang 3 Kali Baru Berbuah Hasil Positif". nasional.okezone.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-02-09.
- ^ Ferry 2020, p. 235.
- ^ Midaanda (2024-06-12). "Tiga Gelombang Serangan Banten, Cirebon dan Demak ke Pakuan Tamatkan Kerajaan Pajajaran". sindo.news.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-02-09.
- ^ Hendri, Isnaeni (2019-06-02). "Taktik Banten Taklukan Pakuan Pajajaran". historia.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-02-09.
- ^ Ferry 2020, p. 265.
Citations
[edit]- Ferry, Taufiq (2020). Hitam Putih Pajajaran:Dari Kejayaan Hingga Keruntuhan Kerajaan Pajajaran. Araska Publisher. ISBN 9786237537328.