File:Remains of the ancient city of Rhamnous on July 22, 2020.jpg
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Summary
DescriptionRemains of the ancient city of Rhamnous on July 22, 2020.jpg |
English: "The ruins of the ancient deme of Rhamnous, of the Aiantis tribe, are preserved in the valley of Limikon at northeastern Attica. Rhamnous is actually the best-preserved of all ancient Attic demes. The name "Rhamnous" derives from the plant 'rhamnos' (shrub).
The ancient settlement was fortified. Inside the walls, public buildings, sanctuaries, and houses were erected. In the acropolis of the town an Athenian garrison was permanently stationed guarding the sea route between Attica and Euboea. The lower part of the fort included a small theatre, a gymnasium, a small sanctuary of Dionysus, a number of other public buildings and houses. The ancient road, which connected Rhamnous and the neighboring demes and leads to the town, was flanked by impressive burial monuments. On a prominent spot near the ancient road lies the terrace of the sanctuary of Nemesis built in the 6th century B.C. In the 5th century B.C. the large temple of Nemesis was constructed in the Doric order with 6 columns on its narrow sides and 12 on its long sides. The famous statue of the goddess, a work by Pheidias' pupil Agoracritus, was housed inside it. According to Pausanias the statue was of the specific piece of Parian marble which the Persians had brought with them to use for the trophy of their victory at the Battle of Marathon. But the goddess Nemesis punished them for their overconfidence (hybris). Its relief base (ca. 420 B.C.) depicted Helen being brought by Leda to her divine mother Nemesis. Themis was worshipped in the smaller temple, dated in the 5th century B.C. This building was used as a treasury of the main temple of Nemesis. Noteworthy statues were found inside it, including a statue of Themis (now in the National Archaeological Museum, c. 300 B.C.). Its base bears an inscription with the name of the local sculptor Chaerestratus. Around the end of the 4th century A.D., the first Christians destroyed the statue of Nemesis and the monuments, and the whole area declined. However, the remains of the sanctuary and the fortress have never been entirely buried in the ground and were visible to travelers and visitors of the region ever since. The first excavations at the site were carried out in 1813 by the Society of Dilettanti. Later in the 19th century the excavations were taken over by the Athens Archaeological Society under the direction of its members Dimitrios Filios and Valerios Stais. From 1975 Vasileios Petrakos resumed excavations in order to obtain an overall picture of Rhamnous. Textː Information label opposite the temples of Nemesis and Themis." |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | George E. Koronaios |
Camera location | 38° 13′ 18.16″ N, 24° 01′ 37.51″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 38.221711; 24.027086 |
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Licensing
This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. | |
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http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.enCC0Creative Commons Zero, Public Domain Dedicationfalsefalse |
Annotations InfoField | This image is annotated: View the annotations at Commons |
The island of Euboea
Euboic Gulf
Ancient road
some value
38°13'18.160"N, 24°1'37.510"E
22 July 2020
File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 12:03, 22 July 2020 | 6,000 × 4,000 (12.97 MB) | George E. Koronaios | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
File usage
Metadata
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Camera manufacturer | SONY |
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Camera model | ILCE-7 |
Exposure time | 1/640 sec (0.0015625) |
F-number | f/5.6 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 10:59, 22 July 2020 |
Lens focal length | 24 mm |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Capture One 12.1.4 Windows |
Exposure Program | Aperture priority |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 10:59, 22 July 2020 |
Shutter speed | 9.321928 |
APEX aperture | 4.970854 |
APEX brightness | 9.884375 |
Exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 0.96875 APEX (f/1.4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 2 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 24 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Lens used | FE 24mm F1.4 GM |
IIM version | 4 |