Historically African-American communities and settlements
Historically African-American communities and settlements, known in various areas as "Freedom Towns" or "All-Black towns" were established by or for a predominately African-American populace.[1] Many of these municipalities were established or populated by freed slaves either during or after the period of legal slavery in the United States in the 19th century.
In pre-segregation Oklahoma, many African-American migrants from the Southeast found a space whereby they could establish municipalities on their own terms. Chief among them was Edward P. McCabe, who envisioned so large a number of African-Americans settling in the territory that it would become a Black-governed state.
Monroe Work's Negro Year Book editions included a listing of "Negro Towns and Settlements in the United States."[2]
List
[edit]Places marked in italics are no longer populated. Places marked with * are absorbed into larger cities.
Alabama
[edit]- Africatown
- Benson / Kowaliga, Alabama
- Hobson City, became Alabama's first self-governed all-black municipality in 1899[3]
California
[edit]- Abila, California[4][2] (Abila Station)
- Allensworth
- Bowles, California[4]
- Victorville, California[4]
Colorado
[edit]Florida
[edit]Georgia
[edit]Illinois
[edit]Kansas
[edit]Louisiana
[edit]Massachusetts
[edit]Mississippi
[edit]Nebraska
[edit]New Jersey
[edit]New Mexico
[edit]New York
[edit]North Carolina
[edit]Oklahoma
[edit]- Boley
- Brooksville
- Clearview
- Grayson
- Langston
- Lima
- Redbird
- Rentiesville
- Summit
- Taft
- Tatums
- Tullahassee
- Vernon
Texas
[edit]- Barrett Station
- Independence Heights
- Kendleton
- Cedar Branch
- Hall's Bluff
- Fodice
- Grant's Colony
- Saint Johns Colony
- Upshaw
- Armstrong Colony
- Cozy Corner
- Deep Ellum
- Cologne
- Antioch Colony
- Shankleville
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ [1]
- ^ a b https://books.google.com/books?id=DKwZAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA491&dq=Monroe+work+negro+year+book+towns&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj_98e34oSMAxXRSjABHXprNaUQ6AF6BAgIEAM#v=snippet&q=eatonville&f=false
- ^ "Alabama's oldest black city fading away". Lodi News-Sentinel. May 26, 2009. p. 12. Retrieved May 29, 2015.
- ^ a b c https://books.google.com/books?newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&id=yox2AAAAMAAJ&dq=abila+california+negro&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=abila+