Mashiko, Tochigi

Mashiko 益子町
Town
Mashiko Town Office
Flag Seal
Location of Mashiko in Tochigi Prefecture
Mashiko
Coordinates: 36°28′2.4″N 140°05′36.1″E
Country	Japan
Region	Kantō
Prefecture	Tochigi
District	Haga
Area
• Total	89.40 km2 (34.52 sq mi)
Population  (August 2020)
• Total	21,841
• Density	240/km2 (630/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
Symbols
• Tree	Japanese red pine
• Flower	Yamayuri (Lilium auratum)
• Bird	Japanese bush warbler
Phone number	0285-72-2111
Address	2030 Mashiko, Mashiko-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi-ken 321-4293
Website	Official website

Kiln in Mashiko

Mashiko (益子町, Mashiko-machi) is a town located in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 August 2020, the town had an estimated population of 21,841 in 7914 households, and a population density of 240 persons per km². The total area of the town is 89.40 square kilometres (34.52 sq mi). Mashiko is known for its pottery, called Mashiko ware (益子焼).

Geography

Mashiko is located in the far southeast corner of Tochigi Prefecture.

Surrounding municipalities

Ibaraki Prefecture

• Sakuragawa

Tochigi Prefecture

• Ichikai
• Mooka
• Motegi

Climate

Mashiko has a Humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cold winters with little snowfall. The average annual temperature in Mashiko is 13.5 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1378 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 30-36 °C, and lowest in January, at around -6 °C.

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Mashiko peaked around the year 2000 and has declined since.

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1920	15,920	—
1930	17,034	+7.0%
1940	18,347	+7.7%
1950	24,542	+33.8%
1960	21,121	−13.9%
1970	19,844	−6.0%
1980	22,104	+11.4%
1990	24,317	+10.0%
2000	25,685	+5.6%
2010	24,351	−5.2%
2020	21,898	−10.1%

History

Mashiko developed as a fortified temple town from the Nara period. During the Edo period, it was an exclave of Kurobane Domain from Nasu. After the Meiji restoration, Mashiko, Nanai and Tano villages were created within Haga District on April 1, 1889, with the creation of the modern municipalities system. Mashiko was elevated to town status on March 1, 1895. Mashiko annexed Nanai and Tano villages on June 1, 1954.

Government

Mashiko has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of 16 members. Mashiko, together with the other municipalities in Haga District collectively contributes two members to the Tochigi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Tochigi 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

The economy of Mashiko is heavily dependent on tourism from its ceramics crafts industry. The town is also a bedroom community for neighboring Mooka and Utsunomiya.

Education

Mashiko has four public primary schools and three public middle schools operated by the city government. The town has two public high schools operated by the Tochigi Prefectural Board of Education.. There are also 6 nurseries (Yawaragi, Nanai, Aoba, Midori, Mashiko and Tano) and 2 kindergartens (Nanai and Takara).

Transportation

Railway

• Mooka Railway – Mooka Line)
  • Mashiko - Nanai

Highway

• National Route 121
• National Route 123
• National Route 294

Culture

Mashikoyaki

Mashiko is known for its pottery, called mashikoyaki (益子焼). Early pottery in Mashiko dates back to the Jōmon and Yayoi periods. Mashikoyaki is often thought of as simple and rustic in style, with brown and maybe a little red glaze, but modern pottery made in Mashiko today is found in many styles, on account of the creative freedom brought to Mashiko by Shoji Hamada. Modern Mashikoyaki dates only to 1853, when a potter discovered that local clay here was ideal for ceramics. The style was popularized in 1930 when Hamada, later designated as a Living National Treasure, set up a kiln in Mashiko. Hamada's student, Tatsuzō Shimaoka, was also designated as a Living National Treasure and worked in Mashiko from 1953 until his death in 2007.

Mashiko is a folkware kiln site that is unlike some of the other older kiln sites around Japan. The town is open to newcomers whether or not they are potters or of other professional backgrounds in arts, sciences and education. In Japan, craftsmen are usually born into their profession, but in Mashiko, anyone can become a potter. Following Shoji Hamada, people looking to return to a more traditional Japanese lifestyle settled in the area. Twice a year, coinciding with the Golden Week Holidays in the first week of May, and again for the first week of November, there is a pottery and crafts festival where potters and craftsmen from Mashiko and surrounding areas come to the town and set up stalls.

Local attractions

• Saimyō-ji, Jizo-in, Entsu-ji - Buddhist temples containing several important cultural properties (as designated by the national and prefectural governments).

Sister cities

• St Ives, Cornwall, United Kingdom, since 2012, in recognition of the Leach Pottery in St Ives of Bernard Leach and Shoji Hamada

References

• Baekeland, Frederick. Modern Japanese Ceramics in American Collections. New York: Japan Society, 1993. (ISBN 0-913304-38-7)

External links

Media related to Mashiko, Tochigi at Wikimedia Commons

• Official Website (in Japanese)