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Nuphar pumila

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Nuphar pumila
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Nymphaeaceae
Genus: Nuphar
Section: Nuphar sect. Nuphar
Species:
N. pumila
Binomial name
Nuphar pumila
Subspecies[2]
Synonyms

Synonyms of Nuphar pumila subsp. pumila:[2]

  • Nenuphar pumila (Timm) Bluff & Fingerh.
  • Nuphar lutea subsp. pumila (Timm) Bonnier & Layens
  • Nuphar lutea var. pumila (Timm) A.Gray
  • Nymphaea lutea var. pumila Timm
  • Nymphaea pumila (Timm) Hoffm.
  • Nymphozanthus pumilus (Timm) Fernald

Synonyms of Nuphar pumila subsp. sinensis:[3]

  • Nuphar sinensis Hand.-Mazz.

Nuphar pumila, the least water-lily,[4] is a perennial,[5] rhizomatous, aquatic[2] herb[6] in the family Nymphaeaceae native to subarctic and temperate Eurasia.[2]

Description

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Vegetative characteristics

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Nuphar pumila is a perennial,[7][5] rhizomatous, aquatic[2] herb[6] with 20–70 cm long,[7] and 1–3 cm wide rhizomes.[8] The ovate[7] leaves are 5–10(–13) cm long,[9] and 6–12 cm wide. The pubescent petiole is 20–50 cm long.[8] The submerged leaves are round and wrinkled.[6]

Generative characteristics

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The yellow,[8] actinomorphic,[6] faintly fragrant,[10] 1–4.5(–6) cm wide flowers have pubescent, 40–50 cm long peduncles[8] The five[11] ovate to spathulate sepals are 16–29 mm long, and 9–16 mm wide.[12] The abaxial surface of the sepals is often green.[9] The flower has 9–13 petals.[12] The androecium consists of 35–65 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 7–12 carpels.[13] The star-shaped stigmatic disk with 7–12 stigmatic rays is 6–8.5 mm wide.[10] The green,[12] 1–2 cm wide fruit[8] bears greenish brown,[12] ovoid to oblong, 3–5 mm long seeds.[8]

Cytology

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The chromosome count is 2n = 34.[8] The chloroplast genome is 160737 bp long.[14]

Taxonomy

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It was first published as the variety Nymphaea lutea var. pumila Timm by Joachim Christian Timm in 1795.[2] Later, it was elevated to the status of the separate species Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC. published by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1821.[11][2]

Etymology

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The specific epithet pumila means small.[15][16]

Distribution

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Nuphar pumila is native to China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia,[8] Switzerland,[9] the United Kingdom,[5] Austria, Germany, France, Spain,[17] Finland, Sweden, Denmark, and Poland.[2]

In Europe, the typical subspecies Nuphar pumila subsp. pumila is present.[17]

Conservation

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The IUCN conservation status is least concern (LC).[1] However, it is threatened by hybridisation with Nuphar lutea,[17][18][19][9] climate change,[19] pollution, and habitat destruction.[9] It is classified as endangered in Switzerland,[18] vulnerable in France,[20] and endangered in Poland.[7]

Ecology

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Habitat

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It occurs in lakes, ponds[8] and slowly flowing rivers[6] in nutrient-poor waters at depths of 0.5–3 m.[9]

Herbivory

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The leaf mine species Hydromyza livens feeds on Nuphar pumila leaves.[21]

Common names

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Nuphar pumila is also known as least water lily[22] or least yellow water-lily.[6]

Uses

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It is cultivated as an ornamental plant.[22]

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nuphar pumila.
  1. ^ a b Maiz-Tome, L. 2016. Nuphar pumila. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T167888A1179645. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T167888A1179645.en. Accessed on 07 June 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  3. ^ "Nuphar pumila subsp. sinensis (Hand.-Mazz.) Padgett". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  4. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  5. ^ a b c Nuphar pumila - (Timm.)DC. (n.d.). Plants for a Future (PFAF). Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Nuphar+pumila
  6. ^ a b c d e f Least Water-lily Nuphar pumila. (n.d.). LuontoPortti – NatureGate. Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://luontoportti.com/en/t/2314/least-water-lily
  7. ^ a b c d Dynowski, P., Herbich, J., Źróbek-Sokolnik, A., Dziedzic, J., & Kozłowski, J. (2016). A new stand and the current status of the Nuphar pumila population in Warminsko-Mazurskie province. Pol. J. Nat. Sci, 31, 587-598.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i Nuphar pumila in Flora of China @ efloras.org. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2025, from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242000581
  9. ^ a b c d e f Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC. (n.d.). InfoFlora. Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/nuphar-pumila.html
  10. ^ a b Bundesamt für Naturschutz. (n.d.). Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC. (Zwerg-Teichrose). FloraWeb. Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://www.floraweb.de/php/artenhome.php?name-use-id=3858
  11. ^ a b Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. (1818). Regni vegetabilis systema naturale, sive Ordines, genera et species plantarum secundum methodi naturalis normas digestarum et descriptarum (Vol. 2, p. 61). sumptibus sociorum Treuttel et Würtz. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39511861
  12. ^ a b c d Padgett, D. J. (1998). Phenetic distinction between the dwarf yellow water-lilies: Nuphar microphylla and N. pumila (Nymphaeaceae). Canadian journal of botany, 76(10), 1755-1762.
  13. ^ Müller, F., Ritz, C. M., Wesche, K., & Welk, E. (2021). Rothmaler - Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Gefäßpflanzen: Grundband. p. 131. Springer Spektrum.
  14. ^ He, D., Gichira, A. W., Li, Z., Nzei, J. M., Guo, Y., Wang, Q., & Chen, J. (2018). Resolution of Intergeneric Relationships within the Early-Diverging Angiosperm Family Nymphaeaceae Based on Chloroplast Phylogenomics.
  15. ^ A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. (n.d.). Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=pumilus
  16. ^ Lagenophora pumila. (n.d.). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/lagenophora-pumila/
  17. ^ a b c Arrigo, N., Bétrisey, S., Graf, L., Bilat, J., Gerber, E., & Kozlowski, G. (2016). Hybridization as a threat in climate relict Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae). Biodiversity and Conservation, 25, 1863-1877.
  18. ^ a b Keller, S. (2018). Ansiedlung der Kleinen Teichrose Nuphar pumila: Vergleich der Standortbedingungen in erfolgreichen und erfolglosen Ansiedlungsgewässern. In Bachelorarbeit Umweltingenieurwesen ZHAW Wädenswil IUNR, unveröffentlicht.
  19. ^ a b Alfred Buchholz (2023): Artenhilfsprogramm Kleine Teichrose Nuphar pumila in Bayern. - Unveröffentlichtes Gutachten im Auftrag von: Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt, 25 Seiten, Augsburg.
  20. ^ MNHN & OFB [Ed]. 2003-2025. Sheet of Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC., 1821. Inventaire national du patrimoine naturel (INPN). Website: https://inpn.mnhn.fr/espece/cd_nom/109735 - January 31, 2025
  21. ^ Nuphar pumila – Plant Parasites of Europe. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://bladmineerders.nl/host-plants/plantae/spermatopsida/angiosperma/nymphaeales/nymphaeaceae/nuphar/nuphar-pumila/
  22. ^ a b Nuphar pumila (NUPPU). (n.d.). EPPO Global Database. Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/NUPPU
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