PIGS (gene)

PIGS
Identifiers
Aliases	PIGS, phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class S, GPIBD18, DEE95
External IDs	OMIM: 610271; MGI: 2687325; HomoloGene: 41963; GeneCards: PIGS; OMA:PIGS - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human) Band 17q11.2 Start 28,553,383 bp End 28,571,794 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) Band 11|11 B5 Start 78,219,241 bp End 78,233,608 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in stromal cell of endometrium granulocyte islet of Langerhans mucosa of transverse colon rectum duodenum monocyte left ventricle right hemisphere of cerebellum blood Top expressed in choroid plexus of fourth ventricle spermatocyte entorhinal cortex perirhinal cortex stroma of bone marrow lens muscle of thigh granulocyte lactiferous gland genital tubercle More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding GPI-anchor transamidase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane GPI-anchor transamidase complex endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane endoplasmic reticulum Biological process attachment of GPI anchor to protein GPI anchor biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 94005 276846 Ensembl ENSG00000087111 ENSMUSG00000041958 UniProt Q96S52 Q6PD26 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_033198 NM_201406 RefSeq (protein) NP_149975 NP_958808 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 28.55 – 28.57 Mb Chr 11: 78.22 – 78.23 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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GPI transamidase component PIG-S is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PIGS gene. This gene encodes a protein that is involved in GPI-anchor biosynthesis.

The glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor is a glycolipid found on many blood cells and serves to anchor proteins to the cell surface. This gene encodes an essential component of the multisubunit enzyme, GPI transamidase. GPI transamidase mediates GPI anchoring in the endoplasmic reticulum, by catalyzing the transfer of fully assembled GPI units to proteins.

Further reading

• Ohishi K, Inoue N, Kinoshita T (2001). "PIG-S and PIG-T, essential for GPI anchor attachment to proteins, form a complex with GAA1 and GPI8". EMBO J. 20 (15): 4088–98. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.15.4088. PMC 149153. PMID 11483512.
• Vainauskas S, Maeda Y, Kurniawan H, et al. (2002). "Structural requirements for the recruitment of Gaa1 into a functional glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase complex". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (34): 30535–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205402200. PMID 12052837.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ohishi K, Nagamune K, Maeda Y, Kinoshita T (2003). "Two subunits of glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase, GPI8 and PIG-T, form a functionally important intermolecular disulfide bridge". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (16): 13959–67. doi:10.1074/jbc.M300586200. PMID 12582175.
• Hong Y, Ohishi K, Kang JY, et al. (2004). "Human PIG-U and yeast Cdc91p are the fifth subunit of GPI transamidase that attaches GPI-anchors to proteins". Mol. Biol. Cell. 14 (5): 1780–9. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-12-0794. PMC 165076. PMID 12802054.
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC 403697. PMID 12975309.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Vainauskas S, Menon AK (2005). "Endoplasmic reticulum localization of Gaa1 and PIG-T, subunits of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase complex". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (16): 16402–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M414253200. PMID 15713669.
• Otsuki T, Ota T, Nishikawa T, et al. (2007). "Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries". DNA Res. 12 (2): 117–26. doi:10.1093/dnares/12.2.117. PMID 16303743.