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Professional Fraternity Association
PFA
Founded1978; 46 years ago (1978)
TypeTrade association
AffiliationIndependent
StatusActive
EmphasisProfessional fraternities and sororities
ScopeNational
Chapters25 fraternities
PredecessorsProfessional Interfraternity Conference
Professional Panhellenic Association
Headquarters6510 Telecom Drive, Suite 200
Indianapolis, Indiana 46278
United States
Websitewww.professionalfraternity.org

The Professional Fraternity Association (PFA) is an American association of national, collegiate, professional fraternities and sororities that was formed in 1978. Since PFA groups are discipline-specific, members join while pursuing graduate (law, medicine, etc.) degrees as well as undergraduate (business, engineering, etc.) degrees. PFA groups seek to develop their members professionally in addition to the social development commonly associated with Panhellenic fraternities. Membership requirements of the PFA are broad enough to include groups that do not recruit new members from a single professional discipline. The PFA has welcomed service and honor fraternities as members; however, Greek letter honor societies more commonly belong to the Association of College Honor Societies.

History

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The Professional Panhellenic Association (PPA), for women's groups, was founded in 1925, and the Professional Interfraternity Conference (PIC), for men's groups, was founded in 1928. These groups came about due to rapid growth among all types of fraternities during the late 1920s.

Professional Panhellenic Association

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On June 26, 1925, representatives from fourteen professional fraternities for women attended an organizational meeting in Washington, D.C. During the summer a provisional constitution was ratified by the following eleven fraternities: Delta Omicron (music), Kappa Beta Pi (law), Omicron Nu (home economics), Phi Beta (music and speech), Phi Delta Pi (physical education), Phi Chi Theta (commerce), Phi Delta Delta (law), Phi Upsilon Omicron (home economics), Pi Lambda Theta (education), Sigma Sigma Sigma (education), and Theta Sigma Phi (journalism). Two additional fraternities, Sigma Alpha Iota (music) and Iota Sigma Pi (chemistry), soon ratified the constitution. The resulting thirteen member groups participated in the second annual conference on November 26, 1926.[1]: 14  Originally known as Women's Professional Panhellenic Association until 1941, when the revised name was adopted.[1]: 14 

Professional Interfraternity Conference

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On March 2–3, 1928, delegates from 27 professional fraternities came together in Washington, DC to organize the PIC.[2] Jarvis Butler of Sigma Nu Phi was elected as the first president, and Stroud Jordan of Alpha Chi Sigma was elected as the first Secretary-treasurer.

Groups represented were[1]: 13 [3][4]

Professional Fraternity Association

[edit]

The PFA resulted from the merger of the Professional Interfraternity Conference and the Professional Panhellenic Association in 1978. The merger itself was the result of the impact of Title IX on most fraternal groups with professional affiliations.[5]

Chartering organizations:

  • Alpha Delta Theta – Medical Technology
  • Alpha Kappa Psi – Business Administration
  • Alpha Rho Chi – Architecture
  • Alpha Tau Delta – Nursing
  • Alpha Chi Sigma – Chemistry
  • Alpha Omega – Dentistry
  • Delta Theta Phi – Law
  • Delta Omicron – Music
  • Delta Sigma Delta – Dentistry
  • Delta Sigma Pi – Business Administration
  • Delta Psi Kappa – Physical Education
  • Zeta Phi Eta – Communication Arts and Sciences
  • Kappa Beta Pi – Law
  • Kappa Delta Epsilon – Education
  • Kappa Epsilon – Pharmacy
  • Kappa Psi – Pharmacy
  • Lambda Kappa Sigma – Pharmacy
  • Mu Phi Epsilon – Music
  • Xi Psi Phi – Dentistry
  • Rho Pi Phi – Pharmacy
  • Sigma Alpha Iota – Music
  • Sigma Delta Kappa – Law
  • Sigma Phi Delta – Engineering
  • Phi Alpha Delta – Law
  • Phi Beta – Music, Speech, Drama and Dance
  • Phi Beta Pi-Theta Kappa Psi – Medical
  • Phi Gamma Nu – Business
  • Phi Delta Epsilon – Medical
  • Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia – Music
  • Phi Rho Sigma – Medicine
  • Phi Chi – Medicine
  • Phi Chi Theta – Business and Economics
  • Psi Omega – Dentistry
  • Omega Tau Sigma – Veterinary Medicine

Current members

[edit]

Current membership of active members as of June 25, 2019.[6]

Fraternity Greek letters Founded Focus Active
collegiate
groups 		Collegiate
charters
granted 		Initiates PIC PPA PFA Notes
Alpha Zeta ΑΖ November 4, 1897 Agriculture 30 116,000 Y N Y Joined PIC prior to 1950[7]
Alpha Kappa Psi ΑΚΨ October 5, 1904 Business 216 326 259,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer,[8] PFA Charterer
Alpha Rho Chi ΑΡΧ April 11, 1914 Architecture 33 43 5,500 Y N Y PIC Charterer,[8] PFA Charterer
Alpha Phi Omega ΑΦΩ December 16, 1925 Service 369 733 500,000 N N Y
Alpha Chi Sigma ΑΧΣ December 11, 1902 Chemistry 49 97 65,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer,[8][9] PFA Charterer
Alpha Omega Epsilon ΑΩΕ November 13, 1983 Engineering 47 51 12,000 N N Y
Delta Chi Xi ΔΧΞ November 12, 2013 Dance 7 8 N N Y
Delta Epsilon Mu ΔΕΜ April 1996 Pre-health 34 39 N N Y
Delta Theta Phi ΔΘΦ September 26, 1913 Law 150 125,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer,[8][10] Not member in 1933,[11] PFA Charterer
Delta Kappa Alpha ΔΚΑ March 16, 1936 Cinema 12 9,000 N N Y
Delta Omicron ΔΟ September 6, 1909 Music 37 129 27,000 N Y Y PPA Charterer, PFA Charterer
Delta Sigma Pi ΔΣΠ November 7, 1907 Business 223 293 270,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer,[8][12] PFA Charterer
Delta Sigma Chi ΔΣΧ July 14, 1913 Chiropractic 10 N N Y Joined 2016-2019
Epsilon Nu Tau ΕΝΤ April 18, 2008 Entrepreneurship 10 N N Y Joined 2015[13]
Theta Tau ΘΤ October 15, 1904 Engineering 50 58 30,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer,[8] member of PIC in 1968[14]
Kappa Epsilon ΚΕ May 13, 1921 Pharmacy 43 24,400 N Y Y Joined PPA March 23, 1951,[15][16] Member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Kappa Eta Kappa ΚΗΚ February 10, 1923 Electrical engineering 4 9 Y N Y PIC Charterer (rejoined 2016–2019)
Kappa Epsilon Psi ΚΕΨ April 4, 2011 Military 31 N N Y Joined 2016-2019
Kappa Kappa Psi ΚΚΨ November 27, 1919 Band 196 313 66,000 N Y
Kappa Lambda Chi ΚΛΧ July 4, 2013 Military 26 N N Y Joined 2016-2019
Kappa Psi ΚΨ May 30, 1879 Pharmacy 75 125 80,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer, PFA Charterer
Lambda Kappa Sigma ΛΚΣ October 14, 1913 Pharmacy 31 30,000 N Y Y Joined PPA in 1938,[17][18] Member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Mu Beta Phi ΜΒΦ March 22, 2017 Military 21 500 N N Y Joined 2016-2019
Mu Phi Epsilon ΜΦΕ November 13, 1903 Music 227 75,000 N Y Y Member of PPA in 1953,[19] Member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Pi Sigma Epsilon ΠΣΕ May 14, 1952 Marketing 58 60,000 N Y
Rho Pi Phi ΡΠΦ January 20, 1919 Pharmacy 8 10,000 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1949,[20] not a member in 1957,[8] Member of PIC in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Sigma Alpha ΣΑ January 26, 1978 Agriculture 68 4,000 N N Y
Sigma Alpha Iota ΣΑΙ June 12, 1903 Music 220 105,376 N Y Y PPA Charterer, PFA Charterer
Tau Beta Sigma ΤΒΣ March 26, 1946 Band 123 239 21,000 N Y
Phi Alpha Delta ΦΑΔ November 8, 1902 Law 717 260,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer, Not member of PIC in 1933,[11] member in 1950,[20] PFA Charterer
Phi Beta ΦΒ May 5, 1912 Creative and performing arts 3 55 30,000 N Y Y PPA Charterer, PFA Charterer
Phi Gamma Nu ΦΓΝ February 17, 1924 Business 10 115 35,000 N Y Y Joined PPA in Early 1937. Member of PPA in 1940,[21] Member of PPA in 1953,[19] Member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer. Rejoined in 2013.[22]
Phi Delta Epsilon ΦΔΕ October 13, 1904 Medicine 182 33,000 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1928,[8] member of PIC in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Phi Delta Chi ΦΔΧ November 2, 1883 Pharmacy 103 43,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer, member of PIC in 1968[14]
Phi Sigma Pi ΦΣΠ February 14, 1916 Honors 135 31,000 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1928[8]
Phi Chi Theta ΦΧΘ June 16, 1924 Business 44 47,000 N Y Y PPA Charterer, PFA Charterer
Hoo-Hoo International Hoo-Hoos January 21, 1892 Agriculture (Forestry) 51 283 N N Y Affiliate Joined 2016-2019

Former members

[edit]

This includes the member organizations of the two former groups (PIC, PPA) that merged to form the PFA and organizations not currently active within the PFA.[6][23][24]

Fraternity Greek letters Founded Focus Active
collegiate
groups 		Collegiate
charters
granted 		Initiates PIC PPA PFA Notes
Alpha Delta Theta ΑΔΘ February 1, 1944 Medical technology 23 N Y Y Joined PPA in 1952,[25] Member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Alpha Delta Sigma ΑΔΣ November 14, 1913 Advertising 72 Y N N PIC Charterer, merged with Gamma Alpha Chi (similar for women) in 1969.
Alpha Kappa Kappa ΑΚΚ July 25, 1889 Medicine 3 60 Y N N Joined PIC in 1928,[8] member of PIC in 1968.[14]
Alpha Sigma Alpha ΑΣΑ November 15, 1901 Education 170 120,000 N Y N Joined PPA in early 1940.[21] PPA membership alongside membership in Association of Education Sororities which was later merged with NPC.
Withdrew from PPA, 1944.[26]
Alpha Tau Delta ΑΤΔ February 15, 1921 Nursing 10 31 10,000 N Y Y Member of PPA in 1947,[27][19] Member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Alpha Omega ΑΩ December 20, 1907[28][29] Dentistry 125 15,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer Joined PIC in 1954.[8] PFA Charterer
Beta Alpha Psi ΒΑΨ February 12, 1919 Accounting 300 Y N N PIC Charterer, now an honorary organization
Gamma Eta Gamma ΓΗΓ February 25, 1901 Law 1 33 Y N N PIC Charterer,[8] member of PIC in 1968.[14]
Gamma Iota Sigma ΓΙΣ April 16, 1966 Insurance 97 13,000 N N Y
Delta Epsilon Iota ΔΕΙ 1994 Career Development 12 ? N N Y
Delta Sigma Delta ΔΣΔ November 15, 1882 Dentistry 33 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1933,[8] Member of PIC in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Delta Psi Kappa ΔΨΚ October 23, 1916[30] Physical education 0 76 N Y Y Member of PPA in 1940.[21] Member of PPA in 1947,[27][19] member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Merged with Phi Delta Pi in March 1970
Epsilon Eta Phi ΕΗΦ May 3, 1927[31] Commerce and business administration 0 7 N Y N Member of PPA in 1953 (Not as of 1947[27]),[19] Member of PPA in 1968,[14] Merged with Phi Chi Theta in 1973.[32]
Zeta Phi Eta ΖΦΗ October 10, 1893 Communication arts and sciences 5 N Y Y Member of PPA in 1940,[21] Member of PPA in 1947,[27][19] Member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Theta Kappa Psi ΘΚΨ May 30, 1879 Medicine 1 45 Y N Y PIC Charterer individually, PFA Charterer as part of Phi Beta Pi-Theta Kappa Psi
Theta Sigma Upsilon ΘΣΥ March 25, 1921 Education 23 N Y N PPA membership alongside membership in Association of Education Sororities which was later merged with NPC.
Withdrew from PPA, 1944.[26]
Merged into Alpha Gamma Delta in 1959.
Theta Sigma Phi ΘΣΦ April 8, 1909[33] Journalism 0 ? 68 N Y N PPA Charterer, member of PPA in 1968.[14]
Iota Sigma Pi ΙΣΠ 1902 Chemistry 23 46 N Y N PPA Charterer, member of PPA in 1968.[14]
Kappa Alpha Pi ΚΑΠ October 9, 2007 Law 13 13 800 N N Y
Kappa Beta Pi ΚΒΠ December 15, 1908[34] Law 10 ? 83 N Y Y PPA Charterer, PFA Charterer
Kappa Delta Epsilon ΚΔΕ March 25, 1933 Education 16 44,000 N Y Y Member of PPA in 1953(Not as of 1947[27]),[19] member of PPA in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Kappa Omicron Phi ΚΟΦ December 11, 1922 Home Economics 0 37 N Y N Merged with Kappa Omicron Nu, now ACHS
Member of PPA in 1940.[21]
Kappa Phi Kappa ΚΦΚ April 25, 1922 Education 1 60 Y N N PIC Charterer[8]
Nu Sigma Nu ΝΣΝ March 2, 1882 Medicine 3 37 Y N N Joined PIC in 1933[8] In PIC in 1947[27]
Xi Psi Phi ΞΨΦ February 8, 1889 Dentistry 19 63 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1933,[8] Member of PIC in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Omicron Delta Kappa ΟΔΚ December 3, 1914 Leadership 300 418 Y N N PIC Charterer, originally a men's leadership fraternity; now a co-ed honorary organization
Omicron Nu ΟΝ April 23, 1912[35] Home economics 0 22 N Y N Merged into Kappa Omicron Nu, now ACHS
PPA Charterer
Pi Lambda Theta ΠΛΘ July 7, 1910 Education ? ? 185,000 N Y N PPA Charterer, withdrew 1933[36]
Sigma Delta Kappa ΣΔΚ August 8, 1914[20] Law 18 ? Y N Y Joined PIC in 1933,[8] Member of PIC in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Sigma Delta Chi ΣΔΧ April 17, 1909[20] Journalism 250 Y N N Joined PIC in 1941.[8]
Sigma Nu Phi ΣΝΦ February 12, 1903[34] Law 0 32 2,000 Y N N PIC Charterer, not a PIC member in 1957[8]
Merged into Delta Theta Phi in 1989.
Sigma Sigma Sigma ΣΣΣ April 20, 1898 Education 112 125,000 N Y N Now NPC sorority
PPA Charterer, PPA membership alongside membership in Association of Education Sororities which was later merged with National Panhellenic Conference. Withdrew from PPA, 1944.[26]
Sigma Phi Delta ΣΦΔ April 11, 1924 Engineering 25 40 8,000 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1929,[8] Junior member as of 1933[11] Member of PIC in 1968,[14] PFA charterer
Phi Beta Gamma ΦΒΓ April 24, 1922[20] Law 0 11 2,500 Y N N PIC Charterer,[8] member of PIC in 1968[14]
Phi Beta Pi ΦΒΠ March 10, 1891 Medicine 1 35 Y N N PIC Charterer individually, PFA Charterer as part of Phi Beta Pi-Theta Kappa Psi
Phi Delta Gamma ΦΔΓ June 7, 1924[37]: 73  [38] Forensic 0 Y N N PIC Charterer
Merged into Tau Kappa Alpha in 1935.
Phi Delta Delta ΦΔΔ November 11, 1911[34] Law 0 3 N Y N PPA Charterer, merged with Phi Alpha Delta
Phi Delta Kappa ΦΔΚ January 24, 1906 Education 300 ? Y N N Joined PIC in 1928[8] Still member in 1947.[27]
Phi Delta Pi ΦΔΠ October 23, 1916[39] Physical education 0 N Y N PPA Charterer, member of PPA in 1968,[14] merged with Delta Psi Kappa in March 1970.[25]
Phi Delta Phi ΦΔΦ December 13, 1869 Law 131 Y N N Joined PIC in 1938,[8] member of PIC in 1968,[14] became honor society in 2012.
Phi Epsilon Kappa ΦΕΚ April 12, 1913[20][40] Physical education 85 Y N N Joined PIC in 1928,[8] member of PIC in 1968[14]
Phi Lambda Kappa ΦΛΚ 1907 Medicine 41 4,800 Y N N Joined PIC in 1938,[8] member of PIC in 1968[14]
Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia ΦΜΑ Sinfonia October 6, 1898 Music 249 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1954,[8] PFA Charterer, left the PFA on August 13, 2007,[41] reverted to its historical founding as a social fraternity.
Phi Rho Sigma ΦΡΣ October 31, 1890 Medicine 9 47 33,000 Y N Y PIC Charterer, PFA Charterer
Phi Upsilon Omicron ΦΥΟ February 10, 1909 Home Economics 61 N Y N PPA Charterer
Phi Chi ΦΧ March 31, 1889 Medicine 16 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1928,[8] member of PIC in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer
Chi Beta Phi ΧΒΦ April 1916 Science 26 Y N N PIC Charterer
Psi Omega ΨΩ June 8, 1892 Dentistry 27 68 Y N Y PIC Charterer,[8] PFA Charterer
Omega Tau Sigma ΩΤΣ 1906 Veterinary 12 8,000 Y N Y Joined PIC in 1956,[8] member of PIC in 1968,[14] PFA Charterer, rejoined 2015[13] Left PFA 2016-2019
Omega Upsilon Phi ΩΥΦ November 15, 1894 Medicine 0 Y N N PIC Charterer, Merged with Phi Beta Pi in 1934
Pershing Rifles Pershing Rifles October 2, 1894 Military sciences 60 N N Y Left 2016-2019
Scabbard and Blade Scabbard and Blade 1904 (Fall)[42] Military ? Y N N PIC Charterer
Scarab Scarab February 25, 1909[20] Architecture ? 16 Y N N PIC Charterer, Left PIC in 1937/1938[43]

Notes

[edit]
  • Note 1: PIC Charterer indicates participation in the "Preparatory Conference" at the Hamilton Hotel, Washington, D.C., on March 2 and 3, 1928.[1]: 13 [44]
  • Note 2: PPA Charterer indicates ratification of the provisional constitution of the PPA by the Second Annual Conference on November 26, 1926.[1]: 14 
  • Note 3: PFA Charterer indicates membership in good standing in the PPA or PIC at the time of the merger and thus by the agreement of the joint conference in October 1977, charter members.[23][1]: 15 
  • Note 4: Membership in 1968 only included in notes if group was not a charterer for both PPA/PIC and PFA.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f "The Archi Pledge" (PDF) (2013 ed.). Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  2. ^ "Professional Fraternity Conference". The Phi Delta Kappan. 11 (1): 1–3. June 1928. JSTOR 20257662.
  3. ^ "The ARCHI of Alpha Rho Chi" (PDF). The ARCHI of Alpha Rho Chi. Vol. IX, no. 7. 31 July 1928. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2017.
  4. ^ "The DELTASIG" (PDF). The DELTASIG of Delta Sigma Pi. Vol. XX, no. 3. May 1928.
  5. ^ Professional Fraternity Association - History
  6. ^ a b "Fraternal Members Listing | Professional Fraternity Association". Retrieved 31 January 2019.
  7. ^ Engleman, F. E. “Toward a Mature Profession.” The Phi Delta Kappan, vol. 32, no. 1, 1950, pp. 3–4. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/20331986
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities. Menasha, WI;George Banta Company, Incorporated. 1957.
  9. ^ "Alpha Chi Sigma Fraternity Sourcebook" (2013-2014 ed.).
  10. ^ "Barrister News, Volume 1, Number 4, Fall Semester, 1955". The Portal to Texas History. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  11. ^ a b c report of the Professional Interfraternity Conference 1933
  12. ^ "Alumni Spotlight: Gig Wright". Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  13. ^ a b Fall 2015 PFA today
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities. Menasha, WI; George Banta Company, Incorporated. 1968.
  15. ^ Shehat, Diane Mulvey (2010). "A History of the Women's Professional Pharmacy Fraternities, 1913-1988". Pharmacy in History. 52 (1): 24–45. JSTOR 41112453. PMID 20973453.
  16. ^ Metta Lou Henderson; Dennis B Worthen (8 March 2002). American Women Pharmacists: Contributions to the Profession. CRC Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-7890-1092-6.
  17. ^ Lambda Kappa Sigma 100 Years in of Women in Pharmacy
  18. ^ "LKS History". Archived from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g The Blue and Gold Triangle of Lambda Kappa Sigma
  20. ^ a b c d e f g Professional Fraternities by Professional Interfraternity Conference - 1950
  21. ^ a b c d e "A. S. A. Becomes Member of Women's Professional Panhellenic Association". The Phoenix of Alpha Sigma Alpha. Vol. XXVI, no. 4. May 1940. p. 11.
  22. ^ The DePaulia March 4, 1938
  23. ^ a b "History | Professional Fraternity Association". Retrieved 31 January 2016.
  24. ^ "PFA Board Meeting Minutes September 2015" (Word Document). Archived from the original on 29 July 2016. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
  25. ^ a b William Raimond Baird (1991). Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities. Baird's Manual Foundation, Incorporated.
  26. ^ a b c Edith Manzell (October 1944). "The Report of the Association of Education Sororities Representative". The Anchor. p. 20.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g National Conference on Fraternities and Sororities 1947
  28. ^ "400 Dentists Attended Alpha Omega Convention". The Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle. 12 January 1973. p. 2.
  29. ^ "Alpha Omega". The Fraternity Month. Vol. 10, no. 3. 1943. p. 37.
  30. ^ Estelle Gilman (1 October 1946). "Affiliated Organizations: VIII. Delta Psi Kappa". The Journal of Health and Physical Education. 17 (8): 482–502. doi:10.1080/23267240.1946.10627356.
  31. ^ "Phi Chi Theta Bylaws August 2016" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
  32. ^ "Phi Chi Theta Bylaws - August 2014" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
  33. ^ Theta Sigma Phi. Nu Chapter papers at University of Minnesota
  34. ^ a b c 1931 Docket yearbook p 243
  35. ^ History of the Founding of Omicron Nu
  36. ^ “A BRIEF CHRONICLE OF THE BIENNIAL COUNCIL.” Pi Lambda Theta Journal, vol. 12, no. 1, 1933, pp. 3–4. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/42915168
  37. ^ "Alpha Omega". The Fraternity Month. Vol. 3, no. 3. 1935. p. 37.
  38. ^ "The Literary Scroll Vol 2 No 2 (February 1929)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  39. ^ Josephine Christaldi (1 December 1946). "Affiliated Organizations: X. Phi Delta Pi". The Journal of Health and Physical Education. 17 (10): 598–639. doi:10.1080/23267240.1946.10626724.
  40. ^ Wilbur C. DeTurk; Fred E. Foertsch (1 January 1947). "Affiliated Organizations: XI. Phi Epsilon Kappa Fraternity". The Journal of Health and Physical Education. 18 (1): 11–42. doi:10.1080/23267240.1947.10625216.
  41. ^ "Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia Withdraws from Professional Fraternity Association". sinfonia.org. Archived from the original on 18 May 2008. Retrieved 3 May 2009.
  42. ^ About Us | The National Society of Scabbard and Blade indicates in 1904-1905 school year
  43. ^ Present in "The DELTASIG of Delta Sigma Pi" (PDF). The DELTASIG of Delta Sigma Pi. Vol. XXX, no. 1. November 1937. but not "The DELTASIG of Delta Sigma Pi" (PDF). The DELTASIG of Delta Sigma Pi. Vol. XXX, no. 2. January 1938.
  44. ^ The Archi of Alpha Rho Chi V IX, No. 7 April 30, 1928, p1
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