2013 Sabah state election

2013 Sabah state election

5 May 2013
All 60 seats in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly 31 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	784,638 (79.87%)
Majority party Minority party Third party   PR Leader Musa Aman Lajim Ukin Jeffrey Kitingan Party BN PKR (PR) STAR Leader since 27 March 2003 (2003-03-27) 16 June 2013 6 January 2012 (2012-01-06) Leader's seat Sungai Sibuga Klias Bingkor Last election 59 seats 1 seat New party Seats before 57 1 Seats won 48 11 1 Seat change 11 10 1 Popular vote 427,890 248,185 43,167 Percentage 55.78% 32.36% 5.63%   Fourth party   SAPP Leader Yong Teck Lee Party SAPP Leader since 21 January 1994 (1994-01-21) Leader's seat Likas (lost) Last election 4 seats Seats before 2 Seats won 0 Seat change 4 Popular vote 28,305 Percentage 3.69%
Parliamentary and state constituencies in Sabah
Chief Minister before election Musa Aman BN Chief Minister-designate Musa Aman BN

The 2013 Sabah state election was held on Sunday, 5 May 2013 concurrently with the 13th Malaysian general election. 60 state seats were contested to elect the state legislature in the Malaysian state of Sabah. This was the 12th state election in Sabah. The state legislative assembly was dissolved on 3 April 2013 following the announcement by Najib Razak to dissolve the federal Parliament earlier on the same day. Sabahans would also elect 25 representatives to the federal legislature which would be covered as part of the general election.

The 2008 election was won by the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition, winning 59 out 60 seats. After the 2008 election, the Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP) withdrew from the BN coalition, resulting in 2 state seats to move out of BN. As a result, the composition of parties in the state legislature prior to dissolution was BN with 57, SAPP with 2 and DAP with 1 seat.

The final results showed that BN would keep the assembly with 48 seats, a decrease of 11 seats. The newly formed Pakatan Rakyat won 11 seats, comparing to 1 in the last assembly. The Sabah chapter of State Reform Party also won 1 seat via its leader Jeffrey Kitingan, while another Sabah-based party SAPP was wiped out from the assembly.

The Sabah state election were conducted barely 3 months after the incident in Lahad Datu on February that year.

Contenders

BN was defending their previous victory and contested in all 60 state seats. out of the 60 seats, UMNO contested in 32, PBS in 13, UPKO in 6, LDP in 4 MCA in 2, GERAKAN in 2 and PBRS in 1. BN was challenged by the newly formed Pakatan Rakyat coalition consisting of PKR (43), DAP (8) and PAS (9). Other than Pakatan Rakyat, SAPP (41), STAR (47), BERSAMA (3) and KITA (1) also contested in the elections.

Parliamentary election results

Main article: Results of the 2013 Malaysian general election by parliamentary constituency § Sabah

There were 25 parliamentary or federal seats contested in Sabah. Barisan Nasional won 22 seats while DAP won 2 seats (Kota Kinabalu and Sandakan) and PKR won 1 (Penampang).

Results

Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	260,342	33.94	31	–1
			United Sabah Party	77,983	10.17	7	–5
			United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation	34,550	4.50	4	–2
			Liberal Democratic Party	25,264	3.29	3	0
			Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia	14,258	1.86	2	+2
			Malaysian Chinese Association	8,270	1.08	0	–1
			Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah	7,223	0.94	1	0
		Total		427,890	55.79	48	–7
	Pakatan Rakyat		People's Justice Party	164,068	21.39	7	+7
			Democratic Action Party	62,784	8.19	4	+3
			Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party	21,333	2.78	0	0
		Total		248,185	32.36	11	+10
	State Reform Party			43,167	5.63	1	+1
	Sabah Progressive Party			28,305	3.69	0	–4
	Malaysian United People's Party			1,444	0.19	0	0
	People's Welfare Party			138	0.02	0	0
	Independents			17,902	2.33	0	0
Total				767,031	100.00	60	0
Valid votes				767,031	97.76
Invalid/blank votes				17,607	2.24
Total votes				784,638	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				982,337	79.87

Results for Barisan Nasional component parties

Barisan Nasional coalition
Party	Seats contested	Seats won
Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)	4	3
Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA)	2	0
Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah (PBRS)	1	1
Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS)	13	7
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (GERAKAN)	2	2
United Malays National Organisation (UMNO)	32	31
United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO)	6	4
TOTAL	60	48

Result details

2013 Sabah state election results

Candidate	Party	Votes	Majority	Voter turnout
N01 - BANGGI
Abd Mijul Unaini	BN - UMNO	4293	3239	Registered voters: 9886 Turnout: 7257 (73,4%) Spoilt votes: 256
Mursalim Tanjul	Independent	642
Jae-ly Medong	SAPP	533
Abdul Razak Abdul Salam	PR - PKR	1054
Mohd Arifin Abdul Salam	STAR	479
N02 - TANJONG KAPOR
Zainal Nasiruddin	MUPP	363		Registered voters: 22486 Turnout: 17364 (77,2%) Spoilt votes: 398
Alexander Anthony	Independent	35
Hendiri Minar	STAR	273
Tsen Heng Chong	SAPP	500
Teo Chee Kang	BN - LDP	8890	1985
Chin Chung Kui	PR - PKR	6905
N03 - PITAS
Johnes Piut	SAPP	232		Registered voters: 14931 Turnout: 11745 (78,7%) Spoilt votes: 354
Awang Latip Abdul Salam	KITA	138
Maklin Masiau	STAR	3111
Bolkiah Ismail	BN - UMNO	6934	3823
Dausieh Queck	PR - PAS	976
N04 - MATUNGGONG
Sarapin Magana	BN - PBS	6627		Registered voters: 20005 Turnout: 15901 (79,5%) Spoilt votes: 370
Richard Jiun	SAPP	367
Marunsai Dawai	STAR	1536
Jelin Dasanap	PR - PKR	6947	320
Jolius Majawai	Independent	54
N05 - TANDEK
Andonny Pilit	PR - PKR	4124		Registered voters: 22264 Turnout: 17170 (77,1%) Spoilt votes: 599
Jebon Janaun	STAR	2668
Henry Yapolai Kundapit	SAPP	380
Anita Baranting	BN - PBS	9399	5275
N06 - TEMPASUK
Abdul Malik Mohed	SAPP	319		Registered voters: 16889 Turnout: 14193 (84%) Spoilt votes: 325
Laiman Ikin	PR - PAS	3285
Suwah Buleh	STAR	1769
Musbah Jamli	BN - UMNO	8495	5210
N07 - KADAMAIAN
Timbon Lagadan	BN - PBS	4988		Registered voters: 15924 Turnout: 13590 (85,3%) Spoilt votes: 301
Jeremmy Ukoh Malajad	PR - PKR	5877	889
Rubbin Guribah	STAR	1877
Peter Marajin	SAPP	547
N08 - USUKAN
Md Salleh Md Said	BN - UMNO	10879	6812	Registered voters: 18736 Turnout: 15603 (83,3%) Spoilt votes: 372
Bakhruddin Ismail	STAR	285
Mustapha Sakmud	PR - PKR	4067
N09 - TAMPARULI
Wilfred Mojilip Bumburing	PR - PKR	6862	383	Registered voters: 17291 Turnout: 14428 (83,4%) Spoilt votes: 187
Linggu Bukut	STAR	589
Stephan Gaimin	SAPP	185
James Ongkili Jr	Independent	126
Jahid Jahim	BN - PBS	6479
N10 - SULAMAN
Hajiji Noor	BN - UMNO	13065	10441	Registered voters: 19616 Turnout: 17044 (86,9%) Spoilt votes: 449
David Orok	STAR	225
Arifin Harith	Independent	66
Gulabdin Enjih	PR - PKR	2624
Ali Bakar Kawi	Independent	615
N11 - KIULU
Tindil Gonsobil	SAPP	129		Registered voters: 11444 Turnout: 9288 (81,2%) Spoilt votes: 171
John Hussein	Independent	517
Rhodes Panilau	PR - PKR	3701
Terence Sinti	STAR	1025
Joniston Bangkuai	BN - PBS	3745	44
N12 - KARAMBUNAI
Muali Aching	PR - PKR	5542		Registered voters: 28940 Turnout: 23341 (80,7%) Spoilt votes: 661
Ag Maidin Ag Apong	Independent	171
Aziz Ibrahim	SAPP	1977
Rano Susulan	Independent	916
Jainab Ahmad	BN - UMNO	14074	8532
N13 - INANAM
Roland Chia Ming Shen	PR - PKR	8926	3202	Registered voters: 24428 Turnout: 20074 (82,2%) Spoilt votes: 421
Eric Majimbun	SAPP	5003
Joseph Paulus Lantip	BN - PBS	5724
N14 - LIKAS
Wong Hong Jun	PR - DAP	7746	5652	Registered voters: 15312 Turnout: 11581 (75,6%) Spoilt votes: 99
Chin Shu Ying	BN - LDP	2094
Yong Teck Lee	SAPP	1487
Ho Cheong Tshun	STAR	155
N15 - API-API
Liew Chin Jin	PR - PKR	5853	795	Registered voters: 15115 Turnout: 12099 (80%) Spoilt votes: 309
Marcel Jude Joseph	Independent	14
Wong Yit Ming	SAPP	713
Felix Chong Kat Fah	STAR	152
Yee Moh Chai	BN - PBS	5058
N16 - LUYANG
Chia Chui Ket	SAPP	1694		Registered voters: 20142 Turnout: 15813 (78,5%) Spoilt votes: 110
Shim Tshin Nyuk	BN - MCA	2537
Hiew King Cheu	PR - DAP	11213	8676
Jafery Jomion	STAR	259
N17 - TANJONG ARU
Yong Oui Fah	BN - PBS	9099	3690	Registered voters: 21951 Turnout: 17049 (77,7%) Spoilt votes: 458
Salleh Tiaseh	STAR	750
Hamid Ismail	PR - PAS	5409
Yong We Kong	SAPP	1333
N18 - PETAGAS
Awang Ahmad Sah	STAR	1111		Registered voters: 15500 Turnout: 12733 (82,1%) Spoilt votes: 267
Yahyah Hussin	BN - UMNO	8504	5653
Mat Yunin Atin	PR - PKR	2851
N19 - KAPAYAN
Khoo Keok Hai	BN - MCA	5733		Registered voters: 26806 Turnout: 21719 (81%) Spoilt votes: 216
Phillip Among	STAR	20
Edwin Bosi	PR - DAP	13020	7287
Chong Pit Fah	SAPP	2030
N20 - MOYOG
Terrence Siambun	PR - PKR	7462	1682	Registered voters: 17604 Turnout: 14828 (84,2%) Spoilt votes: 204
Bernard Lawrence Solibun	STAR	603
Danim Siap	SAPP	779
Philip Benedict Lasimbang	BN - UPKO	5780
N21 - KAWANG
Kefli Safar	PR - PKR	3401		Registered voters: 19888 Turnout: 17093 (85,9%) Spoilt votes: 237
Edward Dagul	SAPP	906
Akop Damsah	STAR	248
Ghulamhaidar Khan Bahadar	BN - UMNO	12301	8900
N22 - PANTAI MANIS
Abdul Rahim Ismail	BN - UMNO	9639	4409	Registered voters: 18886 Turnout: 16114 (85,3%) Spoilt votes: 239
Noraizal Mohd Noor	SAPP	403
Fred Gabriel	PR - PKR	5230
Baharudin Nayan	STAR	603
N23 - BONGAWAN
Mohamad Alamin	BN - UMNO	7443	3392	Registered voters: 14855 Turnout: 12866 (86,6%) Spoilt votes: 261
Awang Talip Awang Bagul	SAPP	335
Ibrahim Menudin	PR - PKR	4051
Ak Aliuddin Mohd Tahir	Independent	455
Assim Matali	STAR	321
N24 - MEMBAKUT
Mohd Arifin Mohd Arif	BN - UMNO	6547	3510	Registered voters: 11790 Turnout: 10023 (85%) Spoilt votes: 237
Narawi Ahmad	PR - PKR	3037
Banjimin Ondoi	SAPP	300
Jaapar Ag Gador	STAR	139
N25 - KLIAS
Mohd Sanusi Taripin	SAPP	182		Registered voters: 15337 Turnout: 13064 (85,2%) Spoilt votes: 342
Aliapa Osman	STAR	71
Lajim Ukin	PR - PKR	6324	179
Isnin Aliasnih	BN - UMNO	6145
N26 - KUALA PENYU
Jusbian Kenneth	Independent	44		Registered voters: 14776 Turnout: 12889 (87,2%) Spoilt votes: 250
Limus Jury	BN - UPKO	7311	2273
Johan OT Ghani	PR - PKR	5038
Ining Sintin	STAR	154
Md Tajuddin Md Walli	Independent	92
N27 - LUMADAN
Abdul Rahman Md Yakub	PR - PKR	2303		Registered voters: 13797 Turnout: 11722 (85%) Spoilt votes: 246
Jamain Sarudin	SAPP	143
Rapahi Edris	Independent	2476
Kamarlin Ombi	BN - UMNO	6338	3862
Saudi Suhaili	Independent	69
Mohd Jaafar Ibrahim	STAR	147
N28 - SINDUMIN
Harunsah Ibrahim	PR - PKR	3701		Registered voters: 15390 Turnout: 12587 (81,8%) Spoilt votes: 340
Semion Sakai	STAR	165
Amde Sidik	SAPP	357
Ahmad Bujang	BN - UMNO	8024	4323
N29 - KUNDASANG
Jain Sauting	STAR	1117		Registered voters: 13346 Turnout: 10295 (77,1%) Spoilt votes: 264
Cleftus Stephen Spine	Independent	87
Satiol Indong	PR - PKR	2231
Joachim Gunsalam	BN - PBS	4206	1975
Japiril Suhaimin	SAPP	2102
Sam Hondou	Independent	288
N30 - KARANAAN
Masidi Manjun	BN - UMNO	6292	3500	Registered voters: 12471 Turnout: 10353 (83%) Spoilt votes: 171
Jalidin Paidi	STAR	1067
Mat Jaili Samat	Independent	31
Muhiddin Yusin	PR - PKR	2792
N31 - PAGINATAN
Yazid Sahjinan	Independent	154		Registered voters: 13285 Turnout: 10772 (81,1%) Spoilt votes: 174
Siringan Gubat	BN - UPKO	5142	979
Amru Abd Kadir	PR - PKR	4163
Pedderin Tuliang	STAR	1139
N32 - TAMBUNAN
Joseph Pairin Kitingan	BN - PBS	5586	2079	Registered voters: 13775 Turnout: 11428 (83%) Spoilt votes: 192
Justin Yonsoding	Independent	591
Wilfred Win Ponil	PR - PKR	1744
Nestor Joannes	STAR	3507
Koh Kui Tze	Independent	63
N33 - BINGKOR
Ricky Sedomon	Independent	111		Registered voters: 15902 Turnout: 12908 (81,2%) Spoilt votes: 185
Ahmad Shah Hussein Tambakau	PR - PKR	2368
Kennedy Jie John	BN - UPKO	4894
Geoffrey Gapari Kitingan	STAR	5350	456
N34 - LIAWAN
Sapin Karano	BN - UMNO	5383	1752	Registered voters: 14033 Turnout: 11507 (82%) Spoilt votes: 172
Paul Bunsu Gitang	PR - PKR	3631
Nusleh Madarak	Independent	18
Pauket Yadiloh	SAPP	236
Nicholas James Guntobon	STAR	2067
N35 - MELALAP
Radin Malleh	BN - PBS	4643	2599	Registered voters: 12098 Turnout: 9825 (81,2%) Spoilt votes: 222
Roger Stimin	SAPP	2044
Noorita Sual	PR - DAP	1992
Kong Fui Seng	STAR	924
N36 - KEMABONG
Rubin Balang	BN - UMNO	5765	3032	Registered voters: 13246 Turnout: 11104 (83,8%) Spoilt votes: 404
William Ensor Tingkalor	SAPP	1047
Tay Jin Kiong	STAR	1155
Biou Suyan	PR - PKR	2733
N37 - SOOK
Ellron Angin	BN - PBRS	7223	4395	Registered voters: 16387 Turnout: 13535 (82,6%) Spoilt votes: 301
Liberty Lopog	PR - PKR	1911
Kustin Ladi	STAR	2828
Chong Yu Chee	SAPP	1226
Rusayidi Abdullah	Independent	46
N38 - NABAWAN
Bobbey Ah Fang Suan	BN - UPKO	3816	342	Registered voters: 9850 Turnout: 7844 (79,6%) Spoilt votes: 185
Sidum Manjin	MUPP	41
Raymond Ahuar	PR - PKR	3474
Fatimah Agitor	Independent	18
George Eram	STAR	310
N39 - SUGUT
Abdul Rahman Atang	Independent	1465		Registered voters: 9698 Turnout: 7175 (74%) Spoilt votes: 326
James Ratib	BN - UMNO	4285	2820
Pagrios Zabang	PR - PKR	647
Datu Kamaruddin Datu Mustapha	Independent	111
Masiawan Kunching	STAR	341
N40 - LABUK
Metah Asang	BN - PBS	7408	4526	Registered voters: 15041 Turnout: 11737 (78%) Spoilt votes: 209
Tang Yung Hi	PR - PKR	2882
Pinus Gondili	STAR	1238
N41 - GUM-GUM
Hassan Hami	STAR	301		Registered voters: 11724 Turnout: 9220 (78,6%) Spoilt votes: 180
Ahmad Thamrin Mohd Jaini	PR - PKR	3191
Zakaria Mohd Edris	BN - UMNO	5548	2357
N42 - SUNGAI SIBUGA
Musa Aman	BN - UMNO	16637	11569	Registered voters: 28057 Turnout: 22800 (81,3%) Spoilt votes: 414
Mohd Arshad Abdul	Independent	201
A M Jaffar Juana	SAPP	265
Mohd Roslan Yussof	STAR	215
Irwanshah Mustapa	PR - PKR	5068
N43 - SEKONG
Musah Ghani	PR - PKR	3368		Registered voters: 14234 Turnout: 11121 (78,1%) Spoilt votes: 351
Ahmad Ibrahim	STAR	100
Awang Othman	SAPP	354
Datu Ilahan Datu Amilbangsa	Independent	50
Samsudin Yahya	BN - UMNO	6898	3530
N44 - KARAMUNTING
Chong Ket Kiun	PR - DAP	5380		Registered voters: 15972 Turnout: 12245 (76,7%) Spoilt votes: 278
Yong Vui Min	SAPP	352
Charles O Pang Su Pin	BN - LDP	6235	855
N45 - ELOPURA
Liau Fook Kong	SAPP	469		Registered voters: 22317 Turnout: 16709 (74,9%) Spoilt votes: 281
Au Kam Wah	BN - Gerakan	8105	251
Hiew Vun Zin	PR - DAP	7854
N46 - TANJONG PAPAT
Poon Ming Fung	PR - DAP	4631		Registered voters: 14748 Turnout: 11181 (75,8%) Spoilt votes: 206
Yong Chie Man	SAPP	191
Tan Shu Kiah	BN - Gerakan	6153	1522
N47 - KUAMUT
Mustapa Tambuyong	PR - PKR	2989		Registered voters: 14934 Turnout: 12142 (81,3%) Spoilt votes: 350
Edward Podok	STAR	1196
Masiung Banah	BN - UPKO	7607	4618
N48 - SUKAU
Saddi Abdu Rahman	BN - UMNO	5851	4419	Registered voters: 9813 Turnout: 7813 (79,6%) Spoilt votes: 244
Aprin Musin	SAPP	89
Ahdah Sulaiman	PR - PAS	1432
Juhori Paritai	STAR	197
N49 - TUNGKU
Tsen Yun Fah	Independent	96		Registered voters: 14626 Turnout: 11305 (77,3%) Spoilt votes: 287
Shuaib Mutalib	SAPP	373
Mohd Suhaili Said	BN - UMNO	7848	5484
Johani Abd Halim	PR - PKR	2364
Johan Nul	STAR	337
N50 - LAHAD DATU
Aliandu Enjil	SAPP	912		Registered voters: 25209 Turnout: 19187 (76,1%) Spoilt votes: 451
Mohammad Yusoff Apdal	BN - UMNO	12949	8415
Hamid Awong	PR - PKR	4534
Ariffin Hamid	STAR	341
N51 - KUNAK
Abd Sattal Shafiee	Independent	64		Registered voters: 11752 Turnout: 9106 (77,5%) Spoilt votes: 295
Hussein Ibnu Hassan	Independent	1034
Kasman Karate	PR - PAS	1002
Nilwan Kabang	BN - UMNO	6394	5360
Valentine Sebastian	STAR	200
Sharif Shamsuddin Sharif Sagaf	Independent	117
N52 - SULABAYAN
Hasaman Sagaran	MUPP	227		Registered voters: 12683 Turnout: 9413 (74,2%) Spoilt votes: 499
Hussein Mumakil	Independent	347
Jaujan Sambakong	BN - UMNO	6546	5129
Mamat Barhana	Independent	74
Hermeny Murgal	PR - PKR	1417
Julkalani Abd Rahman	Independent	107
Ghazalie Pg Hindi	Independent	196
N53 - SENALLANG
Baharuddin Mustapha	Independent	164		Registered voters: 13226 Turnout: 9105 (68,8%) Spoilt votes: 326
Mohd Amin Abdul mem	PR - PKR	1516
Nasir Sakaran	BN - UMNO	7425	5909
Abdul Manang Hatib Lawari	Independent	546
Ab Karim Talip	Independent	145
N54 - BUGAYA
Abdul Hussin Kiamsin	Independent	3139		Registered voters: 15698 Turnout: 11968 (76,2%) Spoilt votes: 455
Atal Muhammad K K Abd Menang	Independent	201
Ramlee Marahaban	BN - UMNO	6642	3503
Alimin Budin	Independent	638
Hasai Tudai	PR - PAS	702
Abdullah Sani Abdul Salleh	Independent	191
N55 - BALUNG
S Abas S Ali	BN - UMNO	7843	5569	Registered voters: 13504 Turnout: 10692 (79,2%) Spoilt votes: 195
Abdul Hamid Amit Mohammad Noor	SAPP	200
Frank Salazar	PR - PKR	2274
Mohd Abdillah Timbasal	Independent	180
N56 - APAS
Tahir Dahu	SAPP	149		Registered voters: 15818 Turnout: 12455 (78,7%) Spoilt votes: 327
Chok Yit Min	STAR	75
Alizaman Jijurahman	PR - PKR	2891
Tawfiq Abu Bakar Titingan	BN - UMNO	9013	6122
N57 - SRI TANJONG
Fung Len Fui	BN - PBS	5021		Registered voters: 22151 Turnout: 16558 (74,8%) Spoilt votes: 201
Olivia Chong Oi Yun	STAR	128
Yong Ah Poh	SAPP	260
Chan Foong Hin	PR - DAP	10948	5927
N58 - MEROTAI
Mohd Manuke	Independent	342		Registered voters: 18317 Turnout: 14162 (77,3%) Spoilt votes: 238
Rita Rudianshah Abu Bakar	Independent	104
Ho Shau Vui	SAPP	221
Chin Chee Syn	Independent	1255
Pang Yuk Ming	BN - LDP	8045	4088
Ahmad Dullah	PR - PAS	3957
N59 - TANJONG BATU
Fatmawaty Mohd Yusuf	PR - PAS	3228		Registered voters: 18345 Turnout: 14338 (78,2%) Spoilt votes: 252
Hamisa Samat	BN - UMNO	10858	7630
N60 - SEBATIK
Mohammad Yusup Lewah	Independent	249		Registered voters: 10088 Turnout: 7595 (75,3%) Spoilt votes: 293
Daud Jalaluddin	PR - PAS	1344
Abd Muis Picho	BN - UMNO	5484	4140
Mohammad Jeffry Rosman	STAR	225

Aftermath

Musa Aman, the leader of UMNO and BN in Sabah, were sworn in as the Chief Minister for the fourth term, on 6 May 2013. His cabinet ministers were sworn in on 9 May 2013.

This election is the only time the DAP-PAS-PKR coalition is referred as Pakatan Rakyat during the Sabah state election campaign (although each party is contesting using their own name and logo). In 2015, the PR coalition was disbanded, due to disagreements between PAS and DAP over the former's insistence to implement the Islamic penal code, known as hudud, in the State of Kelantan. As PAS has no representation in the Sabah state assembly, the split initially does not affect the opposition as only PKR and DAP (who later forms a new alliance Pakatan Harapan in 2016) together with STAR formed the opposition bloc. However several MLA for PKR and DAP later exited the party and either becoming independent, or forming/joining new party such as Sabah opposition leader Lajim Ukin who formed Parti Harapan Rakyat Sabah. Several UMNO Sabah members also exited the party in 2016, following the sacking of UMNO vice-president Shafie Apdal who later formed Parti Warisan Sabah.

See also

• Results of the 2013 Malaysian state elections by constituency