Mangrove vireo
| Mangrove vireo | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Vireonidae |
| Genus: | Vireo |
| Species: | V. pallens
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| Binomial name | |
| Vireo pallens Salvin, 1863
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The mangrove vireo (Vireo pallens) is a species of bird in the family Vireonidae that is found in Mexico and Central America.
Taxonomy
[edit]The mangrove vireo was formally described in 1863 by the English naturalist Osbert Salvin based on specimens collected at El Realejo in Nicaragua and at Puntarenas in Costa Rica. He coined the current binomial name Vireo pallens.[2] The specific epithet is from Latin meaning "pale-coloured", "greenish" or "yellowish".[3] El Realejo has been designated the type locality.[4]
Ten subspecies are recognised:[5]
- V. p. paluster Moore, RT, 1938 – coastal northwest Mexico
- V. p. semiflavus Salvin, 1863 – north Guatemala and south Belize to east Nicaragua
- V. p. ochraceus Salvin, 1863 – southwest Mexico, west Guatemala and west El Salvador
- V. p. salvini Van Rossem, 1934 – southeast Mexico and north Belize
- V. p. pallens Salvin, 1863 – south Honduras, west Nicaragua and west Costa Rica
- V. p. wetmorei Phillips, AR, 1991 – El Cayo (off east Guatemala)
- V. p. angulensis Parkes, 1990 – Bay Islands (off north Honduras)
- V. p. browningi Phillips, AR, 1991 – southeast Nicaragua
- V. p. nicoyensis Parkes, 1990 – Nicoya Peninsula (northwest Costa Rica)
- V. p. approximans Ridgway, 1884 – Isla Providencia, Isla Santa Catalina
The subspecies V. p. approximans has sometimes been considered as a separate species, the Providencia vireo.[5]
Description
[edit]A drab olive or olive-grey bird, the mangrove vireo has yellow lores and two white wing bars. Sexes are similar. It is approximately 10 cm (3.9 in) long.[6] There are two disjunct populations of this vireo: Caribbean and Pacific. The Caribbean population has both yellow and grey colour phases, while the Pacific population has no colour phases.[7]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. The Pacific population is restricted, as the name suggests, to mangroves, while the Caribbean population occupies a wider range of habitats.
Conservation status
[edit]The IUCN has classified this species as being of Least Concern.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b BirdLife International (2017). "Vireo pallens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22705191A118701528. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22705191A118701528.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ Salvin, Osbert (1863). "Descriptions of thirteen new species of birds discovered in Central America by Frederick Godman and Osbert Salvin". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (Part 2): 186–192 [188].
- ^ Jobling, James A. "pallens". The Key to Scientific Names. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 10 March 2025.
- ^ Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1968). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 14. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 115.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (February 2025). "Shrikes, vireos, shrike-babblers". IOC World Bird List Version 15.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 March 2025.
- ^ Garrigues, Richard; Dean, Robert (2007). The Birds of Costa Rica. Zona Tropical. pp. 224–225. ISBN 978-0-9705678-5-7.
- ^ Parkes, K.C. Carnegie Museum of Natural History; Section of Birds (1990). "A revision of the Mangrove Vireo, Vireo pallens (Aves: Vireonidae)". ots.ac.cr/. Organization for Tropical Studies. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
External links
[edit]
- BirdLife species factsheet for Vireo pallens
- "Vireo pallens". Avibase.
- "Mangrove Vireo media". Internet Bird Collection.
- Mangrove Vireo photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- Mangrove Vireo species account at Neotropical Birds (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)
- Interactive range map of Vireo pallens at IUCN Red List
