1934 in Germany
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| See also: | Other events of 1934 History of Germany • Timeline • Years | ||||
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Events in the year 1934 in Germany.
Incumbents
National level
Head of State
- President:
- Paul von Hindenburg (until 2 August 1934)
- Adolf Hitler (from 2 August 1934; as Führer and Chancellor)
Events
- 1 January — Germany passes the "Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring".[1]
- 10 January — Marinus van der Lubbe is executed in Germany.
- 26 January — The 10 year German-Polish Non-Aggression Pact is signed by Germany and the Second Polish Republic.
- 20 March — All the police forces in Germany come under the command of Heinrich Himmler.
- 29 May-31 May — The Confessional Synod of the German Evangelical Church meets in Barmen, Germany to write the Barmen Declaration.
- 30 June —
- The Nazi SA camp Oranienburg becomes a national camp, taken over by the SS.
- Night of the Long Knives: Nazis purge the SA.[2]
- 10 July — German Social Democrat and author Erich Mühsam is killed in Oranienburg concentration camp.
- 2 August — President Paul von Hindenburg dies and Adolf Hitler declares himself Führer of Germany, becoming head of state as well as Chancellor.
- 19 August — German voters retroactively endorse Hitler's assumption of the powers of head of state in a referendum, with 89.9% in favor; Hitler effectively becomes the absolute dictator of Germany.[3]
- 5–10 September — The 6th Nazi Party Congress is held in Nuremberg, attended by about 700,000 Nazi Party supporters and the Leni Riefenstahl film Triumph des Willens is made at this rally.[4]
Births
- 1 January - Hans Huber, German boxer
- 4 January - Hellmuth Karasek, German journalist, literary critic, novelist and author (died 2015)
- 29 January - Paul Gutama Soegijo, German musician and composer (died 2019)[5]
- 20 March - Peter Berling, German actor (died 2017)
- 27 March
- Jutta Limbach, German politician and jurist (died 2016)[6]
- Peter Schamoni, German film director (died 2011)
- 1 April - Elmar Faber, German book publisher (died 2017)
- 5 April - Roman Herzog, German politician, President of Germany (died 2017)
- 13 April - Siegfried Matthus, German composer (died 2021)
- 27 April - Jürgen Kühling, German judge (died 2019)
- 6 May - Oskar Gottlieb Blarr, German composer
- 27 May - Uwe Friedrichsen, German actor (died 2016)
- 21 June - Josef Stoer, German mathematician
- 3 July
- Klaus von Beyme, German political scientist (died 2021)
- Berthold Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, German general
- 10 July - Alfred Biolek, German television presenter (died 2021)
- 17 July
- Rainer Kirsch, German journalist and writer (died 2015)
- Horst Steinmann, German economist
- 20 July - Uwe Johnson, German writer (died 1984)
- 29 July — Albert Speer, Jr., German architect (died 2017)
- 1 August
- Hermann Baumann, German horn player (died 2023)
- Oskar Negt, German philosopher (died 2024)
- 29 August
- Gerhard Lohfink, German Catholic priest and theologian (died 2024)[7]
- Horst Szymaniak, German football player (died 2009)
- 5 September - Paul Josef Cordes, German cardinal
- 7 September - Mary Bauermeister, German artist (died 2023)
- 16 September - Hans A. Engelhard, German jurist and politician (died 2008)
- 24 September - Manfred Wörner, German politician (died 1994)
- 7 October — Ulrike Meinhof, German terrorist (died 1976)[8]
- 19 October — Eva-Maria Hagen, German actress and singer (died 2022)[9]
- 15 November - Martin Bangemann, German politician (died 2022)
- 21 November - Gerhard Erber, German pianist (died 2021)
- 24 November - Wolfgang Rademann, German television producer and journalist (died 2016)
- 29 November - Günter Wewel, German opera singer and television presenter (died 2023)[10]
- 30 November - Albert, Margrave of Meissen, German nobleman (died 2012)[11]
- 5 December - Eberhard Jüngel, German Lutheran theologian (died 2021)
Deaths
- 1 January — Jakob Wassermann, Jewish-German novelist (born 1873)
- 21 January - Paul Troost, German architect (born 1878)[12]
- 29 January - Fritz Haber, German chemist (born 1868)
- 1 March - Wilhelm Diegelmann, German actor (born 1861)
- 7 April - Karl von Einem, Prussian Minister of War (born 1853)
- 10 June - Victor Villiger, Swiss-German chemist (born 1868)
- 19 June – Prince Bernhard of Lippe (born 1872)
- 30 June (assassinations associated with The Night of the Long Knives):
- Gregor Strasser, German Imperial soldier and early Nazi (born 1892)
- Kurt von Schleicher, German Imperial general, politician and former Chancellor of Germany (born 1882)
- Gustav Ritter von Kahr, German politician (born 1862)
- Erich Klausener, German Catholic politician (born 1885)
- Herbert von Bose, German politician (born 1893)
- Edmund Heines, Nazi paramilitary (born 1897)
- Ferdinand von Bredow, German Generalmajor, former head of the Abwehr (born 1884)
- Fritz Gerlich, German journalist and historian (born 1883)
- Peter von Heydebreck, German Imperial Army officer and Nazi paramilitary (born 1889)
- Karl Ernst, Nazi paramilitary (born 1904)
- July - Karl-Günther Heimsoth, German physician and polygraph (born 1899)
- 1 July
- Edgar Julius Jung, German lawyer and political activist (born 1894)
- Ernst Röhm, German Imperial Army officer and Nazi paramilitary (born 1887)[13]
- 10 July - Erich Mühsam, German poet and playwright (born 1878)
- 13 July - Fritz Graebner, German ethnologist (born 1877)
- 2 August — Paul von Hindenburg, German general and politician (born 1847)
- 15 October - Samuel von Fischer, German publisher (born 1859)
- 19 October – Alexander von Kluck, German general (born 1846)
- 20 October — Hans Böhning, World War I German flying ace (born 1893)
- 12 November - Walther Bensemann, German pioneer of football and founder of the country's major sports publication, Kicker (born 1873)
- 16 November - Carl von Linde, German engineer and scientist (born 1842)
- 17 November - Joachim Ringelnatz, German writer (born 1883)
- 5 December – Oskar von Hutier, German general (born 1857)
References
- ^ Proctor, Robert (1988). Racial hygiene: medicine under the Nazis. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. p. 108. ISBN 9780674745780.
- ^ "Night of the Long Knives - Summary & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
- ^ "Timeline of Events 1933-1938". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Washington, DC.
- ^ "Document number 2374 through PS-3311-PS" (Document). U.S. Government Printing Office. 1946. p. 811.
- ^ Raden, Franki (20 January 2001). "Soegijo, Paul Gutama". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.
- ^ "Prof. Dr. h.c. mult. Jutta Limbach feiert ihren 80. Geburtstag". Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, Karlsruhe. 26 March 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
- ^ Remembering Gerhard Lohfink, who wrote the best book on Jesus I’ve ever read
- ^ Boar, Roger (1991). Crooks, crime and corruption. New York: Dorset Press. p. 371. ISBN 9780880296151.
- ^ Eva-Maria Hagen, the 'Bardot of the East,' dies at 87
- ^ Volkslieder für Millionen: Kammersänger Günter Wewel ist tot (in German)
- ^ Beeche, Arturo (October 2012). "Obituary: Prince Albert of Saxony". Eurohistory. 15.5 (89): 17, 39.
- ^ Kellerhoff, Sven Felix (2004) The Führer Bunker: Hitler's Last Refuge. Berlin: Story Verlag. p.38
- ^ Kershaw, Ian (2008). Hitler: A Biography. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 312. ISBN 978-0-393-06757-6.
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