2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary election
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All 225 seats in the Parliament of Sri Lanka 113 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Registered | 17,140,354[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Sri Lanka |
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Part of a series on the |
Aragalaya |
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Background |
Economic crisis (2019–present) |
Political crisis (2022–present) |
Legacy |
Parliamentary elections in Sri Lanka are scheduled for 14 November 2024 to elect 225 members to the new parliament. The 16th Parliament of Sri Lanka was dissolved on 24 September 2024. Following the election, the newly elected parliament is expected to convene on 21 November 2024.[2][3][4]
The submission of nominations for the upcoming election commenced on 4 October and concluded on 11 October 2024 at 12:00 SLST.[5][6]
Background
[edit]Political landscape before the election
[edit]The Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance (SLPFA), led by Mahinda Rajapaksa, won a large majority in the 2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election on 5 August 2020.[7] During their tenure, the government under President Gotabaya Rajapaksa and Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa faced multiple crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the economic crisis, widespread protests, and the 2022 Sri Lankan political crisis.[8]
These events led to Gotabaya Rajapaksa fleeing the country and resigning as president, while Mahinda Rajapaksa also stepped down as prime minister.[9][10] Ranil Wickremesinghe was first appointed as prime minister and later became the acting president following Gotabaya Rajapaksa's resignation. In a parliamentary vote on 20 July 2024, Wickremesinghe was elected as Sri Lanka's 9th president, tasked with completing the remainder of Rajapaksa's term.[11]
In the 2024 Sri Lankan presidential election held on 21 September 2024, Anura Kumara Dissanayake defeated his main rivals, Opposition Leader Sajith Premadasa and incumbent President Ranil Wickremesinghe, to become the new President of Sri Lanka.[12]
As per the Parliamentary Elections Act, No. 1 of 1981, although the Sri Lankan parliament has a term of five years, the president can dissolve it after two years and six months from its first meeting or upon receiving a resolution from parliament. In spite of the scheduled end in August 2025, President Dissanayake, exercising his constitutional powers and fulfilling an election pledge, dissolved parliament on 21 September 2024.[13][14][15]
Election schedule
[edit]Date | Day | Event |
---|---|---|
21 September 2024 | Saturday | Anura Kumara Dissanayake is elected as president at the 2024 Sri Lankan presidential election.[13][14] |
24 September 2024 | Tuesday | President Dissanayake dissolved parliament and called for a parliamentary election.[2][4] |
4 October 2024 | Friday | Nomination period commence.[5] |
10 October 2024 | Thursday | Deadline to apply for a postal vote for eligible individuals.[16] |
11 October 2024 | Friday | Nomination period ends at 12:00 SLST.[6] |
30 October 2024 | Wednesday | Postal voting commenced on 30 October and will continue on 1, 4, and 7–8 November 2024.[17][18] |
11 November 2024 | Monday | Election campaigning activities are scheduled to end at 24:00.[19] |
14 November 2024 | Thursday | Election day. Polls will be open from 07:00 to 16:00.[3] |
21 November 2024 | Thursday | First meeting of the new Parliament of Sri Lanka for the formal election of the Speaker.[3] |
Electoral system
[edit]The Parliament has 225 members elected for a five-year term. 196 members are elected from 22 multi-seat constituencies through an open list proportional representation with a 5% electoral threshold; voters can rank up to three candidates on the party list they vote for.[20] The other 29 seats are elected from a national list, with list members appointed by party secretaries and seats allocated according to the island-wide proportional vote the party obtains.
Every proclamation dissolving parliament must be published in the The Sri Lanka Gazette and must specify the nomination period and the date of the election. The first meeting of the new parliament must occur within three months of the previous parliament's dissolution.[21]
Recent changes in seat allocation
[edit]On 25 September 2024, the Election Commission released details regarding the number of members to be elected from each electoral district in the upcoming parliamentary election, the number of candidates to be listed on the nomination paper, and the deposit amount required from independent groups. Recognised political parties are exempt from making a deposit.[1][22][23]
Provinces | Districts | Registered electors | Number of allocated seats | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2020 | 2024 | 2020 | 2024 | Change (+/-) | ||
Western | Colombo | 1,709,209 | 1,765,351 | 19 | 18 | 1 |
Gampaha | 1,785,964 | 1,881,129 | 18 | 19 | 1 | |
Kalutara | 972,319 | 1,024,244 | 10 | 11 | 1 | |
Central | Kandy | 1,129,100 | 1,191,399 | 12 | 12 | |
Matale | 407,569 | 429,991 | 5 | 5 | ||
Nuwara Eliya | 577,717 | 605,292 | 8 | 8 | ||
Southern | Galle | 867,709 | 903,163 | 9 | 9 | |
Matara | 659,587 | 686,175 | 7 | 7 | ||
Hambantota | 493,192 | 520,940 | 7 | 7 | ||
Northern | Jaffna | 571,848 | 593,187 | 7 | 6 | 1 |
Vanni | 287,024 | 306,081 | 6 | 6 | ||
Eastern | Batticaloa | 409,808 | 449,686 | 5 | 5 | |
Ampara | 513,979 | 555,432 | 7 | 7 | ||
Trincomalee | 288,868 | 315,925 | 4 | 4 | ||
North Western | Kurunegala | 1,348,787 | 1,417,226 | 15 | 15 | |
Puttalam | 614,374 | 663,673 | 8 | 8 | ||
North Central | Anuradhapura | 693,634 | 741,862 | 9 | 9 | |
Polonnaruwa | 331,109 | 351,302 | 5 | 5 | ||
Uva | Badulla | 668,166 | 705,772 | 9 | 9 | |
Monaragala | 372,155 | 399,166 | 6 | 6 | ||
Sabaragamuwa | Ratnapura | 877,582 | 923,736 | 11 | 11 | |
Kegalle | 684,189 | 709,622 | 9 | 9 | ||
National List | — | — | — | 29 | 29 | |
Total | — | 16,263,885 | 17,140,354 | 225 | 225 |
Recent Sri Lankan election results
[edit]Election results | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dates of elections | Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna (SLPFA) |
Samagi Jana Balawegaya | National People's Power | Tamil National Alliance | United National Party | Others | ||||||
Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | |
2019 presidential election | 6,924,255 | 52.25% | —[c] | — | 418,553 | 3.16% | —[d] | — | 5,564,239 | 41.99%[e] | 345,452 | 2.35% |
2020 parliamentary election | 6,853,690 | 59.09% | 2,771,980 | 23.90% | 445,958 | 3.84% | 327,168 | 2.82% | 249,435 | 2.15% | 950,698 | 8.20% |
2024 presidential election[f] | 342,781 | 2.57% | 4,363,035 | 32.76% | 5,634,915 | 42.31% | —[d] | — | 2,299,767 | 17.27% | 407,473 | 3.06% |
Sri Lankan political map prior to this election | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election | 2024 Sri Lankan presidential election | |||||
Elected members of each electoral district or municipality, gaining the highest number of votes ■ SLPFA ■ SJB ■ TNA ■ SLFP ■ EPDP ■ Other parties |
Contesting parties
[edit]Abbr. | Name | Symbol | Ideology | Leader | Seats won in 2020 | Seats before election | Status | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes (%) | Seats | ||||||||
SLPP | Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna ශ්රී ලංකා පොදුජන පෙරමුණ இலங்கை பொதுஜன முன்னணி |
Sinhalese nationalism Right-wing populism |
Mahinda Rajapaksa | 59.09% | 145 / 225 [b]
|
106 / 225
|
Government | ||
SJB | Samagi Jana Balawegaya සමගි ජනබලවේගය ஐக்கிய மக்கள் சக்தி |
Big tent Liberal conservatism Progressivism |
Sajith Premadasa | 23.90% | 54 / 225
|
72 / 225
|
Opposition | ||
ITAK | Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi இலங்கைத் தமிழரசுக் கட்சி ඉලංගෙයි තමිළ් අරසු කච්චි |
Tamil nationalism | S. Shritharan | 2.82% | 10 / 225 [g]
|
6 / 225
|
Opposition | ||
DTNA | Democratic Tamil National Alliance ஜனநாயக தமிழ் தேசிய கூட்டணி දෙමළ ජාතික සන්ධානය |
Tamil nationalism | — | — | 4 / 225
|
Opposition | |||
NPP | National People's Power ජාතික ජන බලවේගය தேசிய மக்கள் சக்தி |
Democratic socialism Anti-imperialism Left-wing populism |
Anura Kumara Dissanayake | 3.84% | 3 / 225
|
3 / 225
|
Opposition | ||
TNPF | Tamil National People's Front தமிழ் தேசியத்திற்கான மக்கள் முன்னணி ද්රවිඩ ජාතික ජනතා පෙරමුණ |
Tamil nationalism | Gajendrakumar Ponnambalam | 0.58% | 2 / 225
|
2 / 225
|
Opposition | ||
EPDP | Eelam People's Democratic Party ஈழ மக்கள் ஜனநாயகக் கட்சி ඊළාම් ජනතා ප්රජාතන්ත්රවාදී පක්ෂය |
Douglas Devananda | 0.53% | 2 / 225
|
2 / 225
|
Opposition | |||
NDF | New Democratic Front නව ප්රජාතන්ත්රවාදී පෙරමුණ புதிய சனநாயக முன்னணி |
Big tent Economic liberalism |
Ranil Wickremesinghe | — | — | — | New | ||
SB | Sarvajana Balaya සර්වජන බලය |
Medal | Sinhalese nationalism | Dilith Jayaweera | — | — | — | New |
Members of Parliament standing down
[edit]Party | MPs standing down | ||
---|---|---|---|
Elected[h] | Final | ||
SLPP | 45 | 33 | |
SJB | 7 | 10 | |
ITAK | 2 | 2 | |
UNP | 2 | 2 | |
TPNA | 1 | 1 | |
SLMC | 1 | 1 | |
OPPP | 1 | 1 | |
NFF | 0 | 4 | |
SLFP | 0 | 3 | |
DLF | 0 | 1 | |
MEP | 0 | 1 | |
Total | 59 |
Election campaign
[edit]Campaign finances
[edit]Candidate asset declaration
[edit]Under the Anti-Corruption Act, No. 9 of 2023, all election candidates are required to submit a Declaration of Assets and Liabilities to the Commissioner of Elections along with their nomination papers, covering assets and liabilities up to the date the election is announced. Candidates seeking national list nominations must also submit their declarations.[41][42]
Expenditure cap and regulations
[edit]On 17 October 2024, the Election Commission issued a circular setting the maximum campaign spending limit for candidates in the 2024 General Election. This cap applies to candidates, political parties, independent groups, and national list candidates, and is determined by district.[43][44]
These regulations are enforced under the Regulation of Election Expenditure Act, No. 3 of 2023. Parties must submit expenditure reports to the Election Commission within 21 days of the election results being declared.[45]
Election campaigning activities
[edit]Election campaigning will end at 24:00 SLST on 11 November 2024. A silence period will then be enforced until election day on 14 November 2024, during which all campaign activities are prohibited.[19]
Controversies
[edit]Rejection of nomination papers
[edit]YouTuber Ashen Senarathna announced his candidacy for the Sri Lankan Parliament, seeking to represent the Colombo electoral district as part of an independent group. On 11 October 2024, the Election Commission rejected his nomination, citing that it was submitted by an unauthorised individual, which led to disqualification. Senarathna plans to take legal action, claiming he was asked to wait outside while another candidate submitted the nomination.[46]
Removal of name from the nomination list
[edit]Actress Damitha Abeyratne was expected to contest the general elections from the Ratnapura electoral district under the Samagi Jana Balawegaya (SJB) ticket. However, her name did not appear on the list of candidates submitted by the SJB to the District Secretariat. Hesha Vithanage, the SJB leader for Ratnapura, stated that the decision to exclude her name was made by district members.[47]
Withdrawal from contesting election
[edit]On 12 October 2024, former MP Ajith Mannapperuma withdrew from the parliamentary elections and resigned from Samagi Jana Balawegaya (SJB), a day after submitting his nomination for the Gampaha electoral district. He cited his removal as SJB chief organiser for the Gampaha electorate. He also expressed disappointment with party leader Sajith Premadasa and his leadership.[48][49]
Voting
[edit]Postal voting
[edit]The Election Commission initially accepted postal voting applications from 1–8 October 2024, later extending the deadline to 24:00 SLST on 10 October 2024. The postal voting facility is exclusively available to pre-approved officials involved in election duties.[16][17]
Approved individuals began casting their votes on 30 October 2024. The postal voting process will follow the schedule set by the Election Commission, with voting continuing on 1 November, 4 November, and 7–8 November 2024.[18]
Opinion polls
[edit]Institute for Health Policy
[edit]The following nationwide presidential poll was conducted by the Institute for Health Policy (IHP), an independent research institution.
Date | Polling firm | SLPP | SJB | NPP | UNP | ITAK | Others | Lead | Margin of error |
Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024 Sri Lankan presidential election | ||||||||||
August 2024 | Institute for Health Policy | 19% | 29% | 28% | 9% | 4% | 11% | 1 | ±1–3% | 1153 |
July 2024 | Institute for Health Policy | 13% | 34% | 32% | 7% | 5% | 8% | 2 | ±1–3% | 1198 |
June 2024 | Institute for Health Policy | 16% | 38% | 26% | 7% | 3% | 9% | 12 | ±4–5% | 446 |
May 2024 | Institute for Health Policy | 13% | 34% | 34% | 6% | 4% | 9% | Tie | ±1–4% | 503 |
April 2024 | Institute for Health Policy | 12% | 34% | 34% | 5% | 4% | 11% | Tie | ±1–4% | 444 |
March 2024 | Institute for Health Policy | 8% | 38% | 35% | 5% | 5% | 9% | 3 | ±1–3% | 506 |
February 2024 | Institute for Health Policy | 9% | 30% | 44% | 4% | 4% | 9% | 14 | ±1–3% | 575 |
January 2024 | Institute for Health Policy | 8% | 30% | 40% | 6% | 4% | 12% | 10 | ±1.0–3.6% | 506 |
December 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 10% | 27% | 39% | 6% | 3% | 15% | 12 | ±2.0–3.5% | 522 |
October 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 5% | 26% | 40% | 11% | 4% | 13% | 14 | ±1–5% | 567 |
September 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 8% | 22% | 42% | 13% | 6% | 6% | 20 | ±1–3% | 599 |
August 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 11% | 24% | 30% | 11% | 6% | 17% | 6 | ±1–6% | 556 |
July 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 9% | 24% | 23% | 8% | 4% | 33% | 1 | ±1–3% | 466 |
June 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 9% | 23% | 23% | 9% | 5% | 30% | Tie | ±1–3% | 506 |
May 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 10% | 26% | 23% | 13% | 4% | 23% | 3 | ±1–5% | 630 |
April 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 6% | 30% | 32% | 9% | 4% | 19% | 2 | ±1–5% | 580 |
March 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 4% | 30% | 41% | 6% | 4% | 15% | 11 | ±2–5% | 521 |
February 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 4% | 30% | 43% | 4% | 4% | 15% | 13 | ±2–5% | 421 |
January 2023 | Institute for Health Policy | 8% | 31% | 32% | 9% | 5% | 15% | 1 | ±2–3% | 724 |
July 2022 | Institute for Health Policy | 18% | 32% | 42% | – | – | 8% | 10 | – | – |
2020 election | N/A | 59.1%[j] | 23.9% | 3.8% | 2.2% | 2.8% | 8.2% | 35.2 | N/A | N/A |
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ President of Sri Lanka
- ^ a b Represents seats won by the Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance (SLPFA) at the 2020 parliamentary election.
- ^ Did not exist
- ^ a b Did not contest
- ^ New Democratic Front candidate led by the United National Party
- ^ Without preferences
- ^ Represents seats won by the Tamil National Alliance (TNA) at the 2020 parliamentary election.
- ^ Party affiliation of retiring MPs at the time of the 2020 election.
- ^ Withdrew candidacy after submitting nominations.
- ^ Numbers obtained by Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Number of members to be returned for each Electoral District as required under Article 98(8) of the Constitution – After certification of 2024(1) Supplementory Electoral Register (2024.02.01 – 2024.05.31) as at 2024.07.08" (PDF). Election Commission of Sri Lanka. October 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
- ^ a b "Proclamation by the President" (PDF). The Gazette Extraordinary. Department of Government Printing. 24 September 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2024. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ a b c Balasuriya, Darshana Sanjeewa (24 September 2024). "General election on November 14". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 24 September 2024. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ a b Ng, Kelly (24 September 2024). "Sri Lanka's new president dissolves parliament". BBC. Archived from the original on 24 September 2024. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ a b Farzan, Zulfick (4 October 2024). "Nominations Open for 2024 Parliamentary Election". News First. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
- ^ a b Fernandopulle, Sheain (11 October 2024). "Nomination period for General Election ends today". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
- ^ a b "Parliamentary Election Results – 2020". Election Commission of Sri Lanka. 7 June 2020. Archived from the original on 23 September 2024. Retrieved 16 October 2024.
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- ^ Fraser, Simon (9 May 2022). "Mahinda Rajapaksa: Sri Lankan PM resigns amid economic crisis". BBC. Archived from the original on 13 September 2024. Retrieved 16 October 2024.
- ^ Wong, Tessa; Murphy, Matt (13 July 2022). "Sri Lanka: President Gotabaya Rajapaksa flees the country on military jet". BBC. Archived from the original on 30 September 2024. Retrieved 16 October 2024.
- ^ Mao, Frances; Ethirajan, Anbarasan (20 July 2022). "Sri Lanka: Ranil Wickremesinghe elected president by MPs". BBC. Archived from the original on 27 August 2024. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Presidential Election Results – 2024". Election Commission of Sri Lanka. 22 September 2024. Archived from the original on 26 October 2024. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
- ^ a b "Presidential Election – 2024" (PDF). The Gazette Extraordinary. 22 September 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 September 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
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- ^ a b "Deadline to submit Postal Voting Applications extended". Newswire. 8 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
- ^ a b "Postal Voting Dates for 2024 General Election Announced". Newswire. 10 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
- ^ a b "Postal voting to commence today". Daily FT. 30 October 2024. Archived from the original on 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
- ^ a b "General Election campaigning ends on Monday". Ada Derana. 7 November 2024. Archived from the original on 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
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- ^ "2024 General Election: Number of MPs elected from each district revealed". Ada Derana. 25 September 2024. Archived from the original on 26 September 2024. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Chandani Kirinde (13 October 2024). "A time to rest, produce films and pursue higher studies…". The Sunday Times, Sri Lanka. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
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- ^ a b c d e f damith (12 October 2024). "Many opt out from contesting upcoming general election". Sunday Observer. Retrieved 16 October 2024.
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- ^ "Semasinghe 'dissapointed' [sic] by Prez Poll result; decides not to contest Parliamentary Election". www.adaderana.lk. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ "Patali out of SJB alliance, not contesting elections". Newswire. 10 October 2024. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ a b "Sri Lanka's Rajapaksa brothers not contesting election". Newswire. 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
- ^ "Kanaka Herath explains why he is not contesting". Newswire. 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
- ^ a b "තවත් ප්රබලයෝ පිරිසක් මහ ඡන්දෙට නොඑති". sinhala.adaderana.lk. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
- ^ "සරත් ෆොන්සේකාත් මහ ඡන්දෙට නොඑයි". sinhala.adaderana.lk. Retrieved 13 October 2024.
- ^ "Ajith Mannapperuma withdraws from contesting election and quits SJB". www.adaderana.lk. Retrieved 13 October 2024.
- ^ "Keheliya Rambukwella decides to pause political career, cites 'recent events'". www.adaderana.lk. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
- ^ "SLPP MP Uddika Premaratne says Goodbye to Parliament". Newswire. 27 February 2024. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
- ^ "Anti-Corruption Act, No. 9 of 2023" (PDF). The Parliament of Sri Lanka. 8 August 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 August 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
- ^ "Asset and liability declarations mandatory for all General Election candidates – EC". Ada Derana. 7 October 2024. Archived from the original on 8 October 2024. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
- ^ "Parliamentary Election - 2024: Regulation of Election Expenditure Act, No. 3 of 2023 (Media release No.PE/2024/27)" (PDF). Election Commission of Sri Lanka. 17 October 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
- ^ "2024 General Election: Maximum spending limit for candidates announced". Ada Derana. 17 October 2024. Archived from the original on 17 October 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
- ^ "Regulation of Election Expenditure Act, No. 3 of 2023" (PDF). The Parliament of Sri Lanka. 24 January 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
- ^ "Wrong person handing over : YouTuber Ashen's nomination rejected". Newswire. 11 October 2024. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
- ^ "Damitha removed from SJB's Ratnapura nominations list". Daily Mirror. 11 October 2024. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
- ^ "Ajith Mannapperuma withdraws from contesting election and quits SJB". Ada Derana. 12 October 2024. Archived from the original on 18 October 2024. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
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