3-Methylpentane
| |||
| |||
| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
3-Methylpentane[1] | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
|
|||
| 1730734 | |||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.257 | ||
| EC Number |
| ||
| MeSH | 3-methylpentane | ||
PubChem CID
|
|||
| RTECS number |
| ||
| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1208 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|||
| |||
| |||
| Properties | |||
| C6H14 | |||
| Molar mass | 86.178 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless liquid | ||
| Odor | Odorless | ||
| Density | 664 mg mL−1 | ||
| Melting point | −162.8 °C; −261.1 °F; 110.3 K | ||
| Boiling point | 62.9 to 63.7 °C; 145.1 to 146.6 °F; 336.0 to 336.8 K | ||
| Insoluble | |||
| log P | 3.608 | ||
| Vapor pressure | 18.0 kPa (at 17 °C) | ||
Henry's law
constant (kH) |
8.8 mol Pa−1 kg−1 | ||
| -75.52·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Refractive index (nD)
|
1.376 | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C)
|
191.16 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
292.5 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−203.0–−201.0 kJ mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−4.1608–−4.1590 MJ mol−1 | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
   
| |||
| Danger | |||
| H225, H304, H315, H336, H411 | |||
| P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331 | |||
| Flash point | −7 °C (19 °F; 266 K) | ||
| 278 °C (532 °F; 551 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 1.2–7.7% | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
|
none[2] | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related alkanes
|
|||
Related compounds
|
|||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |||
3-Methylpentane is a branched alkane with the molecular formula C6H14. It is a structural isomer of hexane composed of a methyl group bonded to the third carbon atom in a pentane chain. It is of similar structure to the isomeric 2-methylpentane, which has the methyl group located on the second carbon of the pentane chain.
As of early 1990s, it was present in American[3] and European[4] gasoline in small amounts, and by 2011 its share in US gas varied between 1.5 and 6%[5] It has close research and motor octane numbers of 74.5 and 74.3.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ "3-methylpentane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
- ^ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0323". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Doskey, Paul V.; Porter, Joseph A.; Scheff, Peter A. (November 1992). "Source Fingerprints for Volatile Non-Methane Hydrocarbons". Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association. 42 (11): 1437–1445. doi:10.1080/10473289.1992.10467090. ISSN 1047-3289.
- ^ Östermark, Ulf; Petersson, Göran (1992-09-01). "Assessment of hydrocarbons in vapours of conventional and alkylate-based petrol" (PDF). Chemosphere. 25 (6): 763–768. doi:10.1016/0045-6535(92)90066-Z. ISSN 0045-6535.
- ^ "Hydrocarbon Composition of Gasoline Vapor Emissions from Enclosed Fuel Tanks". nepis.epa.gov. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2011.
- ^ Abdul Jameel, Abdul Gani; Van Oudenhoven, Vincent; Emwas, Abdul-Hamid; Sarathy, S. Mani (2018-05-17). "Predicting Octane Number Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Artificial Neural Networks". Energy & Fuels. 32 (5): 6309–6329. doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00556. ISSN 0887-0624.
External links
[edit]
 | This article about a hydrocarbon is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |