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A Proclamation on Securing the Border

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A Proclamation on Securing the Border
RatifiedJune 4, 2024 (2024-06-04)
Date effectiveJune 5, 2024 (2024-06-05)
SignatoriesJoe Biden
Media typeU.S. presidential proclamation
SubjectExclusion of aliens under Immigration and Nationality Act

A Proclamation on Securing the Border is a presidential directive signed by U.S. president Joe Biden. Signed on June 4, 2024, the executive order allows the president to restrict the Mexico–United States border.[1] The proclamation implements a limit on illegal immigration, effective June 5.

By June 2024, illegal crossings reached a three-year low following four consecutive monthly drops, which senior U.S. officials attributed to increased enforcement between the United States and Mexico and the weather. They also attributed Biden's executive action as having a marked impact of reducing daily apprehensions to 2,000 from May's 3,800.[2]

Background

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Trump presidential proclamation

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See also: Remain in Mexico

In November 2018, then-president Donald Trump issued a presidential proclamation suspending asylum rights for illegal immigrants. According to the Trump administration, the policy was intended to halt Central American migrant caravans.[3] District judge Jon S. Tigar temporarily blocked the proclamation.[4]

Mexico border crisis

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Main article: Mexico–United States border crisis

Provisions

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According to the Associated Press, the proclamation closes asylum requests once the average number of daily encounters reaches 2,500, reopening once that number has decreased to 1,500.[5] Due to the threshold being met at the time of the signing, the executive order's shutdown went into effect immediately after the order was signed. The order proclaimed that anyone who crossed the border illegally or without explicit authorization would be ineligible for asylum, and that migrants who don't have a credible reason for requesting asylum will be "immediately removable", which Biden administration officials anticipated that "we will be removing those individuals in a matter of days, if not hours".[6]

Responses

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Democratic response

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Representative Pramila Jayapal expressed disappointment to White House chief of staff Jeff Zients, and noted how the executive order seemed to continue the harsh enforcement approach to the crisis that Donald Trump pushed for.[7][8]

House Homeland Security Committee Democrat Bennie Thompson expressed concern over the impact of the executive order on endangered and unprotected people coming to the United States for safety, and urged representatives to work on and pass lasting solutions to strengthen border security while still protecting the vulnerable.[9]

Senator Alex Padilla of California lamented that the policies undermined American values as "an attempt to return to the same policies that were proven to fail in the Trump administration" and that there was no attempt to provide safety and support to "dreamers, farmworkers or any other documented residents in the United States". He hoped that Biden would change his mind before the election in anticipation that Hispanic and progressive voters would turn away from voting for him.[10]

Democratic Conference Chairman and Congressional Hispanic Caucus member Pete Aguilar was concerned that instead of secure the border while creating new legal pathways for immigration, that the executive order was only enforcing the former part of the strategy. He wished for Biden to continue to uphold programs for Temporary Protected Status, DACA, and aiding families with undocumented individuals in them.[9]

Republican response

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Several Republicans dismissed the order as a political stunt in reaction to electorate polls showing immigration to be one of the Biden administration's greatest issues prior to the 2024 election.[11]

Republican Senate minority leader Mitch McConnell said the order was "like turning a garden hose on a five-alarm fire" and that it was "too little, too late".[12] Senator Ted Cruz questioned why Biden had waited until 2024 to sign the order.[13]

Human rights organizations

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Amnesty International USA released a public statement calling the executive order a "dangerous international precedent as a first-of-its-kind numerical cap on asylum". Director of Refugee and Migrant Rights for the organization Amy Fischer claimed the policy to be illegal under international and refugee law, rooted in xenophobia and white supremacist concepts, and would cause more cruelty, torture, violence, and death without fixing the root causes of forced migration or creating policies to keep communities housing migrants safe.[14]

The American Civil Liberties Union planned to sue the White House over the executive action, with representative Lee Gelernt stating that the asylum ban was just as illegal as when Donald Trump's proclamation for the same actions was blocked, and would put "tens of thousands of lives at risk".[15]

Several American organizations including the Legal Aid Society, Las Americas Immigrant Advocacy Center, Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights, Global Refuge,[16] Make the Road New York,[17] the Florida Immigrant Coalition,[18] and the Immigrant Defenders Law Center strongly condemned the executive order. Different statements from advocacy organizations included complaints calling the order a reckless, short-sighted policy, that it ignored past failures in harsh deterrence policies, that it is akin to Trump-era policies, and that it is primarily an act of political manipulation in an election year rather than a humane or rational decision.[6][19]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Kanno-Youngs, Zolan; Aleaziz, Hamed (June 4, 2024). "Biden Issues Executive Order to Temporarily Seal the Border to Asylum Seekers". The New York Times. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
  2. ^ Montoya-Galvez, Camilo (July 1, 2024). "Illegal crossings at U.S.-Mexico border fall to 3-year low, the lowest level under Biden". CBS News. Archived from the original on July 10, 2024. Retrieved July 12, 2024.
  3. ^ Shear, Michael; Sullivan, Eileen (November 9, 2018). "Trump Suspends Some Asylum Rights, Calling Illegal Immigration 'a Crisis'". The New York Times. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
  4. ^ Sacchetti, Maria; Stanley-Becker, Isaac (November 20, 2018). "In blow to Trump's immigration agenda, federal judge blocks asylum ban for migrants who enter illegally from Mexico". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
  5. ^ Min Kim, Seung; Groves, Stephen; Long, Colleen (June 4, 2024). "Biden prepares an order that would shut down asylum if a daily average of 2,500 migrants arrive". Associated Press. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Biden signs executive order dramatically tightening border". NBC News. 2024-06-04. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
  7. ^ Caldwell, Leigh Ann; Meyer, Theodoric (June 4, 2024). "Democrats frustrated with Biden border order". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
  8. ^ Knox, Brady (2024-06-04). "Biden frustrates party with immigration plan - Washington Examiner". Retrieved 2024-06-04.
  9. ^ a b Hammond, Elise; Shen, Michelle (2024-06-04). "Live updates: Biden to announce executive actions on immigration". CNN. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
  10. ^ Sklar, Debbie L. (2024-06-04). "Local, State Leaders Respond to Imminent Asylum Stoppage from White House". Times of San Diego. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
  11. ^ Samuels, Brett; Bernal, Rafael (2024-06-04). "Joe Biden's new border policy on asylum draws fire on all sides". The Hill. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  12. ^ McDuffie, Will; Abdul-Hakim, Gabriella; Farrow, Fritz (2024-06-04). "Praise, but some trepidation, among Democrats after Biden's border actions". ABC News. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
  13. ^ Bennett, John T.; Lesniewski, Niels (2024-06-04). "Biden immigration order looks to counter GOP criticism". Roll Call. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
  14. ^ "Amnesty International USA's Reaction to Biden Administration's Executive Order on Asylum". Amnesty International USA. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
  15. ^ Samuels, Brett (2024-06-04). "ACLU to challenge Biden's border action: 'Same approach' as Trump asylum ban". The Hill. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
  16. ^ "Biden rolls out asylum restrictions, months in the making, to help 'gain control' of the border". AP News. 2024-06-04. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  17. ^ "Advocate discusses Biden's restrictions on migrants seeking asylum". ny1.com. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  18. ^ "Advocates concerned Biden's immigration executive order could cause troubles in Florida". NBC6 South Florida. 2024-06-05. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  19. ^ Mordowanec, Nick (2024-06-04). "Joe Biden's new border order already hit with legal threat". Newsweek. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
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