Abd al-Haqq al-Hashimi
Abd al-Haqq al-Hashimi | |
|---|---|
عبد الحق الهاشمي | |
| Title | Al-Sheikh Al-Allamah Al-Muhaddith Al-Hafiz Al-Musnad Al-Ilmi Mudamir Al-Shirk wal Bid'ah |
| Personal life | |
| Born | 1884 Kotla Shaikhan, Bahawalpur, Punjab Province, British India |
| Died | 24 November 1972 Mecca, Saudi Arabia |
| Resting place | Jannat Al-Baqi |
| Children |
|
| Parent |
|
| Relatives | Sheikhs of Kotla Shaikhan Bahawalpur |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Lineage | Umar bin Al-Khattab |
| Creed | Athari |
| Movement | Salafi |
Abd al-Haqq ibn Abd al-Wahid al-Hashimi[a] (c. 1884 – 24 November 1972) was an Indian-born Saudi Islamic scholar. A Salafi, al-Hashimi was a prominent hadith scholar, who was born taught in British India and later Saudi Arabia.[1]
Early life and background
[edit]Abd al-Haqq ibn Abd al-Wahid al-Hashimi was born in c. 1884 in his ancestral family estate Kutla Shaykhan in Bahawalpur, Punjab Province, British India. His father Abd al-Wahid ibn Muhammad was of Shaikh lineage and believed to have been a descendant of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (r. 634–644). Abd al-Haqq's nisba al-Hashimi is not a reference of descent from the Banu Hashim, rather a reference to his great-grandfather Hashim ibn Ramadan.[1][2]
His ancestry to Umar goes as follows: Abd a-Haqq ibn Abd al-Wahid ibin Muhammad ibn Hashim ibn Ramadan ibn Bilal ibn Hibat Allah ibn Ali ibn Isma'il ibn Jalal ibn al-Shams ibn al-Amir ibn Ja'far ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Jalal ibn Muhammad Kabir ibn al-Amir ibn Wasil ibn Abu al-Abbas ibn Hashim ibn Muhammad al-Kabir ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Jalal ibn Mahmud ibn Umar ibn Jalal ibn al-Amir ibn Muhammad ibn al-Amir ibn Najib ibn Umar ibn Nasir ibn Muhammad ibn Abid ibn Abi Bakr ibn Najib ibn Zayd ibn Abi Muslim ibn Abd Allah ibn Abbas ibn Muhammad ibn Zayd ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab.[2][3] His ancestors' arrival in the Indian subcontinent coincided with Muhammad ibn al-Qasim’s conquest of Sindh.[1] Abd al-Haqq was the only child and son of his parents that had survived past infancy. His father Abd al-Wahid was a local Islamic leader in his area who had desired to dedicate his only surviving child Abd al-Haqq to Islamic scholarship and missionary works.[2]
Education
[edit]The education of Abd al-Haqq al-Hashimi began with his father Abd al-Wahid who himself was a local Muslim scholarly figure, it was by his supervision that al-Hashimi completed his Hifz, memorisation of the Qur’an. He was also taught the Persian language, the traditional court language of the Muslim-ruled Indian subcontinent by his father, along with learning the grammar and syntax of Arabic with him. After completing his education with his father, his father had ordered him to seek knowledge from other places.[1][2][3]
Al-Hashimi at the request of his father had travelled to centres of Islamic learning in major cities such as Multan, Delhi, Batala and other smaller towns and villages where he had studied under prominent scholars of the Indian Subcontinent of his time. He states in his autobiography that he had studied under around sixty scholars, Arabic rhetoric and poetry, principles of Islamic jurisprudence, interpretation of the Holy Qur’an and other Shariah disciplines such as the science of Hadith, etc.[3][2]
Among his teachers was Isa bin Ahmed Rai’i with whom he studied the grammar of the Arabic language along with the six canonical books of Hadith such as Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Tirmidhi, etc. He also studied Mishkat, some parts of Tafsir At-Tabari, Imam Bayhaqi books al-Asma wa's-Sifa. Rai’i himself was a student of Mahmudul Hasan Deobandi. He also studied with Muhammad bin Abdullah Riyasati from whom he received a Ijazah al-Riwayah, Riyasati was a student of Sayyid Nazir Hussain. Another scholar he studied with was Imamuddin bin Muhammad Qanbari who he studied hadith with. Another scholar who he studied under was Muhammad bin Abu Muhammad Ghayti, he had studied the Muwatta of Imam Malik with him. He had also studied under many other scholars as part of his seeking of Islamic knowledge. He on the course of his study had studied several books in regard to Ahadith such as al-Muwatta, Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Sunan Abu Dawud, Sunan al-Nasa’i, Sunan Ibn Majah, Musnad Tayalisi, Musnad al-Darimi, Musnad Ahmad, Masanid Ibn Hanifah Mu’ajam al-Tabarani al-Saghir, Sahih Ibn Hibban, Musnad Abu Ya'la, Musnad al-Bazzar, Musnad al-Firdaws, Taysir al-Wusul of Ibn al-Dabi’a, Jam’e al-Usul of Ibn Athir, Majma’a al-Zawa’id of al-Haithami, Kunz al-A’mal of Muttaqi and al-Minhaj of Muttaqi. He studied the following with regards to the science of Hadith, al-Nukhbah of Ibn Hajr and its Sharh, al-Fiyyah of Iraqi and its Sharh by the author and al-Sakhawi. When it came to matters in Fiqh, he had studied books such as Risalah Imam al-Shafi’i and his al-Umm, Ibn Qudamah, Usul of Ibn al-Hajib, Usul of Qadi Baydawi, Mudawwanah al-Kubra of Sakhnun, al-Mughni of Ibn Qudamah, Sharh al-Muhazzab of Nawawi. He gained knowledge in Aqidah from studying books such as Sharh al-Aqaid al-Nasafiyyah, Aqidah Tahawiyyah and its Sharh, al-Asma wal-Sifat of Baihaqi, along with looking at works of Ibn Taymiyyah. He also studied Islamic history, Tarikh with his Shuyukh, he looked through books such as Tabaqat Ibn Sa’d, al-Isabah of Ibn Hajr, Usad al-Ghabah of Ibn al-Athir, al-Tajrid of Dhahabi.[3][2]
Career and life
[edit]Al-Hashimi was appointed as Qadi and Imam of the Al-Abbassi Masjid in his home region Bahawalpur in Southern Punjab.[1]
Al-Hashimi had taught Islamic sciences for about 70 years, about 45 years in the Indian subcontinent and 25 years in Makkah in Saudi Arabia following a royal decree from the King of Saudi Arabia of the time, Sheikh Abdul Aziz bin Abdur Rahman Al-Saud. During his time in the Indian Subcontinent as a scholar , after he was authorised to become a teacher of Islamic sciences by his teachers, he held his first learning circle in the city of Ahmedabad, also known as New Baghdad.[1][2][3]
Al-Hashimi had arrived in the city of Mecca to perform the Hajj, during this he had discussions with other scholarly figures. After seeing his level of knowledge on Islamic sciences and the Musnad, they sought to have him as a teacher in Makkah. The scholars of Mecca thus sought a royal decree from Abdul Aziz Al-Saud and the then chief-justice Sheikh Abdullah bin Hassan Al-Ash-Sheikh appointing him as a teacher in the Grand Mosque of Makkah in the year of 1948. Al-Hashimi then had his son Sheikh Abu Turab ship his library of his works to Makkah, Abd al-Haqq al-Hashimi remained a teacher there until his death in 1972.[2]
One of his most prominent students was Ibn Baz.[1]
Works
[edit]Sheikh Abd al-Haqq al-Hashimi had authored numerous works, numbering around eighty, some of these are listed below;
- Tafsir al-Quran bil-Quran Wal-Sunnah – 9 volumes
- Sharh al-Bukhari
- Sharh Muslim
- Sharh Muwatta
- Nusrah al-Bari Fi Sharh Tarajim al-Bukhari – 4 Volumes
- Mashariq al-Anwar Fi Sharh Ma Fi al-Muwatta wal-Sahihayn Min al-Akhbar – 14 volumes.
- Kashf al-Mughta An Rijal al-Sahihayn wal-Muwatta
- Miftah al-Muwatta wal-Sahihayn – 7 Volumes
- Kitab al-Lubab Fi Sharh al-Tarajim wal-Abwab – 7 Volumes
- Atraf al-Musnad – 2 Volumes
- Sharh Musnad Imam Ahmad
- Fihrisah Musnad al-Imam Ahmad
- Tarajim Rijal al-Musnad Imam Ahmad – 4 Volumes
- Sharh Muqaddimah Sahih Muslim – 1 Volume
- Tarajim Rijal al-Sahihayn – 1 Volume
- Thabt al-Marwayat – 1 Volume
- Kitab al-Nahw – 1 Volume
- Raf’a al-Lawmah An Wadeh al-Yadain Fil Qaumah
- Kitab al-Arba’in Ala Sayyid al-Kawnayn
- Kitab al-Tamin Bil-Jahr
- Kitab Raf al-Yadain Fis Salah – 1 Volume
- Kitab Qirah Khalf al-Imam – 1 Volume
- Kitab al-Khilafah al-Rashidah – 1 Volume
- Kitab al-Jihad – 1 Volume
- Kitab Ahwal al-Hashr – 1 Volume
- Kitab Kashf al-Iqnah Fi Du’a Badal Salah Bi-Halah al-Ijtimah
- Fath al-Wudud Fi Raf al-Yadain Ind al-Sujud
- Musannaf Sahihayn – 9 Volumes
- Musnad Sahihayn
- Kitab Jam’a Bayna Manzumah al-Amir al-Yamani, wal-Fiyyah al-Iraqi wal-Suyuti
- Sharh Manzumah al-Amir al-Yamani
- Sharh al-Fiyyah al-Suyuti
- Kitab al-Maghazi
- Kitab al-Siyar – 1 Volume
- Muqaddimah Sharh al-Musnad al-Imam Ahmad – 1 Volume
- Qabaih al-Yahud
- Dalail al-Risalah al-Muhamadiyyah
- Kitab al-Takhrij Ahadith al-Musnad
- Al-Jam’a Bayna al-Sihah Sittah (incomplete)
- Khayr al-Khbar Fi Sharh Himal al-Athar incomplete
- al-Badur al-A’rijah Bayna al-Fusha wal-Dirajah
- Kitab al-Fawaid wal-Ta’qabat
- Kahsf al-Ghamzah An Mutraddad Fi Miqat al-Makki Lil-Umrah
- Iqamah al-Hujjah Binna Matamta Alayhi al-Sa’yan Sai al-Umrahwa Sai al-Hujjah
- Nasb al-Umud Fi Tahqiq masalah tajafi al-mirah fil ruku wal sujud
- Al-Muwazanah bayna musnadi al-imamayn ahmad bin hanbal wa baqi bin makhlad
- Masalah al-zakah fima zad alal nasb
- Ijazah al-riwayah
- Ithbat Inn al-hajr wal-maqam minal jannah
- Tahqiq hadith salah musa alayhis salam fi qabrihi
- Al-Rubaayat al-mansubah ilal Bukhari
- Azan al-tarjih Sunnah matrukah
- Qadm ashbab al-hadith
- Tahqiq masalah haram al-madinah
- Masalah azan al-jawq
- Manaqashah amali Mahmud al-hasan hawl sahih al-bukhari
- Ithbat tazawuj umm kulthum min umar bin al-khattab
- al-Radd Ibn al-Turkamani
- Nazam Rijal al-Sahihayn
- Aqidah Firqatun Najiyyah[3]
Death and legacy
[edit]Al-Hashimi died while he was still a teacher at Darul Hadith school in Makkah in 1972.[1]
He had six sons and three daughters, who all became figures of knowledge. His eldest son was the acclaimed scholar of Hadith, Abd al-Razzaq Al-Hashimi. His second son was the scholar, Abu Turab Al-Hashimi, his third son was Abd al-Wakil al-Hashimi, his fourth son was Abd al-Wali Al-Hashimi, his fifth son was Abd al-Jalil Al-Hashimi and his sixth son was Muhammad Hashim al-Hashimi.[2][3]
He had many students that became prominent in the world of Islamic knowledge, some of these are;
- Sultan Mahmud Jalalpuri
- Badi al-Din Sindhi
- Muhibullah Shah a-Rashidi
- Abdus Samad Sharf al-Din Dehlawi
- Muhammad bin Abdullah al-Sumali
- Muhammad ibn Ibrahim Al-ash-
- Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Humaid
- Ibn Baz
- Suleiman al-Sani’a
- Hamad al-Ansari
- Isma’il al-Ansari
- Umar bin Muhammad Fullatah
- Abdullah Laknawi
- Abd al-Rahman Mazhar
- Muhammad bin Abd Allah Ad Shanqiti al-Madani
- Naji bin Muhammad Sayf al-Makhlafi
- Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hashimi
- Abd Allah bin Abd al-Aziz bin Aqil
- Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Subayyal
- Yahya bin Uthman al-Mudarris al-Azimabadi
- Thanullah Madani
- Abd al-Aziz bin Abdullah bin Sa’id al-Zahrani
- Suleiman bin Salim bin Abd Allah al-Luhaibi al-Harbi
- Abu Abdur Rahman bin Aqil al-Zahiri
- Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Timbuktui
- Muhammad bin Abdul Sattar Dehlawi
- Abd Allah bin Bukhit
- Uthman Kiyta al-Madani
- Ahmad bin Ali al-Huraibi
- Abdullah bin Ahmad al-Hakami
- Ahmad al-Husami
- Salim bin Ahmad bin A’fif[3]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h "Remembering Sheikh Abdulhaq Al-Hashmi". Saudigazette. 2017-07-15. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "الشيخ عبد الحق بن عبد الواحد الهاشمي". www.alukah.net (in Arabic). 2008-08-27. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
- ^ a b c d e f g h SRI (2017-08-14). "10 Radiant Scholars of Ahl al-Hadith; Ahl al-Bid'ah Wished Were Never Born! – [2] – Shaikh Abu Muhammad Abdul Haq al-Hashimi (1392H)". Salafi Research Institute. Retrieved 2024-11-24.