Copper(II) cyanurate
_Cyanurate.png) | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Copper 6-hydroxy-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-bis(olate)
| |
| Other names
Copper 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol
| |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
|
|
PubChem CID
|
|
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C3HCuN3O3 | |
| Molar mass | 190.60434 |
| Appearance | purple powder |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Copper(II) cyanurate is an organic compound with the chemical formula C3HCuN3O3. It exists as a stable purple solid. It has few uses, being more often encountered accidentally, rather than intentionally synthesised. Several other copper(II) cyanurate complexes exist, some of which occur naturally as minerals.
Synthesis
[edit]Copper(II) cyanurate can be prepared by reacting cyanuric acid with copper(II) oxide.[1]
- CuO + C3H3N3O3 → C3HCuN3O3 + H2O.
Other complexes
[edit]Copper(II) cyanurate is known to form several ammine complexes. Chlorinated derivatives of cyanuric acid commonly known as dichlor or trichlor also form similar complexes. In addition, a complex with fully deprotonated cyanurate ligands exists.
Diamminebis(cyanurate)copper(II)
[edit]A lavender-pink complex with the formula Cu(NH3)2(C3N3O3)2 can be prepared by heating copper(II) compounds, such as copper(II) nitrate or basic copper carbonate, with molten urea up to 190°C.[1]
- 6 CO(NH2)2 → 2 C3H3N3O3 + 6 NH3
- 2 C3H3N3O3 + 2 NH3 + CuO → Cu(NH3)2(C3N3O3)2 + H2O
This is dissolved and then recrystallised from a hot strong ammonia solution.[1]
If instead a weak (2%) cold ammonia solution is used, a dark purple compound is formed. This compound's formula is not specified, but infrared data and magnetic dipole measurements suggest there are no Cu-Cu bonds.[1]
Sodium tetrakis(dichloroisocyanurate)copper(II)
[edit]A lilac complex with the formula Na2[Cu(C3N3O3Cl2)4] can be prepared by reacting sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) with copper(II) compounds such as copper(II) sulfate.[2]
- CuSO4 + 4 Na(C3N3O3Cl2) → Na2[Cu(C3N3O3Cl2)4] + Na2SO4
Neutral copper(II) cyanurate
[edit]A green-coloured neutral copper(II) cyanurate complex with the formula Cu3(C3N3O3)2 also exists. It contains no water or ammonia ligands, with the cyanurate ligands fully deprotonated.[1]
Occurrence
[edit]Copper(II) cyanurate is often formed when the copper concentration in an outdoor swimming pool is too high. The copper ions in solution react with cyanuric acid (which is added as a chlorine stabilizer) to produce copper(II) cyanurate. This phenomenon is called 'Purple Cyanurate', as it discolours the water and surfaces in the pool to a purple shade.[3] The same can occur when other pool chlorine sources such as NaDCC or TCCA are added.
Joanneumite is a rare natural mineral found in bat guano with formula Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2.[4]
Applications
[edit]Copper(II) cyanurate has no known practical uses.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Taylor, R. M. (May 1972). "Metal cyanurate compounds formed directly from metal salts and urea". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 390 (1): 85–96. doi:10.1002/zaac.19723900112.
- ^ US3055889A, Marek, Ronald W., "Dichlorocyanurate complex salts", issued 1962-09-25
- ^ "Purple Staining, Purple Cyanurate, Copper Cyanurate, PoolMoldSolutions.com". PoolMoldSolutions.com. Archived from the original on 2020-07-28. Retrieved 2020-02-06.
- ^ Bojar, Hans-Peter; Walter, Franz; Baumgartner, Judith (February 2017). "Joanneumite, Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2, a new mineral from Pabellón de Pica, Chile and the crystal structure of its synthetic analogue". Mineralogical Magazine. 81 (1): 155–166. doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.078. ISSN 0026-461X.