Jump to content

Direita Street

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Direita Street
Direita Street in 2019
Former name(s)Rua Direita de Santo Antônio, Rua Direita da Misericórdia
Length300 m (980 ft)
LocationSé, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
FromPraça da Sé
ToPatriarca Square
Construction
Commissioned16th century
Other
Known forOne of the oldest streets in São Paulo

Direita Stret is one of the oldest streets in the city of São Paulo, located in the Sé region.[1][2] It begins at Praça da Sé and ends at Patriarca Square.[3] Together with 15 de Novembro Street [pt] and São Bento Street, it forms the historic "triangle" of the city center.[4][5] It corners José Bonifácio Street, Largo da Misericórdia and Quintino Bocaiuva Street.[6][7]

History

[edit]
Direita Street around 1900

Direita Street was opened at the end of the 16th century to connect the city center of São Paulo with the old road that led to the indigenous village of Pinheiros, now a Upper class district [simple] of the city.[8][9]

It was laid out without any planning, by force of necessity. From the Pátio do Colégio, the cradle of São Paulo, following the Igreja da Misericórdia, and after the Igreja de Santo Antônio, you would rush to the Vale do Anhangabaú, climb what would later become the Ladeira do Piques (Rua Quirino de Andrade), and then the Pinheiros road, now Consolação Street (formerly Estrada de Sorocaba). From there you entered the sertão.[10]

Naming the main street of a town Rua Direita is a custom that came from Portugal with the country's colonizers.[11] It didn't matter whether the street was straight or not, as the main street of the town it had to be called Direita, and it was usually to the right of the main local church, due to the religious influence on people's lives. The street was initially called "Direita de Santo Antônio" and also "Direita da Misericórdia", the religious temples being the references.[1]

Between 1700 and the early 1800s, most of the houses were semi-detached, with shops on the first floor and residences on the upper floor.[6][12] In 1828, the street was illuminated with lamps burning olive oil or fish oil.[12] It wasn't until 1870, with the city's improvements, that it had gas lighting, donkey-drawn streetcars, running water and cobblestone sidewalks. Electric lighting arrived in 1890.[12]

Together with São Bento Street and 15 de Novembro Street [pt], it formed the famous "Paulistano Triangle", representing the center of commercial, intellectual and elegant life in the city of São Paulo in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[5][6][13] The street had illustrious residents such as the Baron of Iguape [pt] (Antônio da Silva Prado), the Baron of Tietê (José Manuel da Silva), and Senator Nicolau Pereira de Campos Vergueiro.[7][14] From 1970 onwards, Direita Street and other streets in the old center became strictly pedestrianized.[6][12][15]

Retail

[edit]
Casa Lebre around 1912

Since the middle of the 19th century, the series of stores on Direita Street was started by Casa Lebre [pt], which operated in the mansion owned by the Baron of Tietê on the corner with 15 de Novembro Street [pt], a store that survived for decades.[16][17][18]

At the beginning of the 20th century, much more sophisticated stores began to appear, with showcases and more elaborate service. This is how Casa Alemã (later Galeria Paulista de Modas) came to be, which built a modern headquarters on Direita Street and survived the decades.[19] Casa Au Bon Marché, almost on the corner of what is now Patriarca Square, and then, almost opposite, Casa Bonilha [pt].[20][21] The street was also chosen by Casa Bevilacqua [pt], one of the first musical instrument manufacturers in Brazil.[22][23]

According to an 1828 edition of the O Farol Paulistano [pt] newspaper, chairs and canapés from England were advertised, which could be found at Direita Street, 2 or at the home of Mr. Joaquim Elias.[24]

The street still houses important stores such as Ao Preço Fixo, Tecelagem Francesa, Casa Henrique, Casa Kosmos [pt], Casa Sloper, Lojas Brasileiras, Lojas Americanas, Marcel Modas, and many others that have long maintained their commercial tradition.[3][6][25][26][27][28]

Historic buildings

[edit]
Facade of the old Cine Alhambra

The first first telephone exchange in the city of São Paulo [pt] (one of the first in Brazil) was inaugurated on 7 January 1884 by the Companhia Telégrafos Urbanos (Ferdinand Rodde & Co.) in the old building at 33 Direita Street, and is part of the country's telecommunications history.[29][30]

The Guinle Building [pt] is considered to be São Paulo's first skyscraper, with 7 floors, and was the forerunner of verticalization in the city.[31] Built between 1913 and 1916, it was designed by the architect Hipólito Pujol Junior and only had its construction approved by the City Hall after an official report, because the then mayor Baron of Duprat [pt] (Raimundo da Silva Duprat) doubted that a building of this size would be stable.[32][33] The engineer Antônio Francisco de Paula Sousa [pt], then director of the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo (Poli–USP), was asked for approval to continue the work. The building has figures reminiscent of coffee leaves and fruit, a reminder of the wealth of the 'green gold' that made its construction possible at the beginning of the 20th century.[32]

The luxurious Cine Alhambra was built in 1927 and belonged to João Batista de Souza and Manuel Pereira Guimarães. It was inaugurated in 1928 with the screening of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) film Flesh and the Devil from Clarence Brown, which was considered "inappropriate for ladies" at the time.[34]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Por que a rua Direita fica à esquerda da Catedral da Sé? Saiba curiosidades de São Paulo". SBT News (in Brazilian Portuguese). 25 January 2024. Archived from the original on 15 September 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
  2. ^ "Rua Direita". DIC.ruas. Archived from the original on 11 July 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
  3. ^ a b "O centro da cidade de que me lembro: Rua Direita (não tão direita assim) e adjacências – São Paulo Minha Cidade". São Paulo Minha Cidade (in Brazilian Portuguese). 27 October 2005. Archived from the original on 13 February 2025. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
  4. ^ "Rua Direita". SampaArt. Archived from the original on 9 November 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2007.
  5. ^ a b "As ruas do Velho Triângulo: Rua Direita". Alô São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 9 October 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
  6. ^ a b c d e Braghittoni, Nelson (29 May 2015). "Dialogo rua/cidade: o caso da Rua Direita em São Paulo (1765–1977)" (PDF). University of São Paulo. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
  7. ^ a b Walker, Roberto (20 October 2020). "As boas famílias e os outros: as elites de São Paulo e a greve geral de 1917" (PDF). Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 February 2025. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  8. ^ Herculano, Felipe Alexandre (16 May 2013). "Triângulo Histórico – Rua Direita". Sampa Histórica (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
  9. ^ Moretti, Juliene; Queiroz, Guilherme (24 June 2019). "Especial Pinheiros: um pouco da história e curiosidades do bairro". Veja São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 19 September 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
  10. ^ Grosso, Claudia (25 June 2014). "Igreja de Santo Antônio na Praça do Patriarca, São Paulo | Agenda de Arte e Cultura". Agenda de Arte e Cultura (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 13 December 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  11. ^ Silva, Arnaldo. "Rua Direita: entenda o porque muitas ruas tem esse nome". Conheça Minas. Archived from the original on 14 December 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  12. ^ a b c d "Rua Direita". São Paulo e Suas Ruas (in Brazilian Portuguese). 20 April 2015. Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  13. ^ "Episódio 1: Triângulo histórico – Patrimônio & Memória". CCBB Educativo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 7 May 2021. Archived from the original on 13 November 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  14. ^ "Biografia de Nicolau Pereira de Campos Vergueiro". Câmara Municipal de Piracicaba. Archived from the original on 1 December 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  15. ^ Machado, Leonardo (30 August 2015). "Nos anos 70, fechamento de ruas do centro gerou discórdia em São Paulo". Folha de S. Paulo. Archived from the original on 12 March 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  16. ^ "Casa lebre". Almanack Paulistanno. Archived from the original on 19 December 2009. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
  17. ^ "Festa Franco-Brasileira". Correio Paulistano (16861): 3. 13 July 1910.
  18. ^ "Cabellos brancos". A Gazeta. 9 (2667): 4. 31 December 1914.
  19. ^ "Au son diable". Illustração Paulista. 1 (9): 30. 2 March 1911.
  20. ^ "Roupa feita". Almanak Laemmert : Administrativo, Mercantil e Industrial. 82: 404. 1926.
  21. ^ Jr, Dalmir Reis. "Casa Bonilha (Sedas Finas) - 1919". Propagandas Históricas | Propagandas Antigas. Archived from the original on 14 December 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  22. ^ Veiga, Edson; Vilicic, Filipe; Faria, Juliana; Salvo, Maria (18 September 2009). "Casa Bevilacqua, em São Paulo, tem 160 anos de existência". Veja (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 16 April 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  23. ^ Oliveira, Sibele (9 September 2019). "'Esquina musical de SP' tenta resistir ao tempo no centro da cidade". Universo Online (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 21 January 2025. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  24. ^ Yamagawa, Mônica. "História do Comércio do Centro de São Paulo: Estabelecimento da Rua Direita número 2 - 1828". Moy@rte. Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  25. ^ "Há um século: a loja Preço Fixo". Estadão (in Brazilian Portuguese). 21 November 1916. Archived from the original on 14 February 2025. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  26. ^ "O vestido feito". A Gazeta. 24 (7198): 5. 17 January 1930.
  27. ^ Ribeiro, Fabia Barbosa (12 December 2016). "Vivências negras na cidade de São Paulo: entre territórios de exclusão e sociabilidade". Projeto História : Revista do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados de História (in Portuguese). 57. ISSN 2176-2767. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023.
  28. ^ Turi, Débora (27 April 2019). "Americanas e Renner empatam como lojas de departamento preferidas pelos paulistanos". Folha de S. Paulo. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  29. ^ Nascimento, Douglas (29 October 2021). "A história do telefone em São Paulo » São Paulo Antiga". São Paulo Antiga (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 1 December 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  30. ^ "Novo Milênio: Histórias e Lendas de Santos: Um século de telecomunicações (10-D)". Novo Milênio. 17 January 2010. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  31. ^ Gavazzi, Matteo. "Edifício Guinle". Refúgios Urbanos (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 10 August 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  32. ^ a b Jr., Giba (7 September 2010). "Erguido há 97 anos, edifício Guinle esbanja saúde de concreto". Folha de S. Paulo. Archived from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  33. ^ "Edifício Guinle". Arquivo Arq. Archived from the original on 13 December 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  34. ^ Nascimento, Douglas (14 January 2025). "Cine Alhambra". São Paulo Antiga (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Direita_Street&oldid=1276393068"