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Double chess

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abcdefghijklmnop
12a12 black rookb12 black knightc12 black bishopd12 black queene12 black kingf12 black bishopg12 black knighth12 black rooki12 black rookj12 black knightk12 black bishopl12 black queenm12 black kingn12 black bishopo12 black knightp12 black rook12
11a11 black pawnb11 black pawnc11 black pawnd11 black pawne11 black pawnf11 black pawng11 black pawnh11 black pawni11 black pawnj11 black pawnk11 black pawnl11 black pawnm11 black pawnn11 black pawno11 black pawnp11 black pawn11
10a10b10c10d10e10f10g10h10i10j10k10l10m10n10o10p1010
9a9b9c9d9e9f9g9h9i9j9k9l9m9n9o9p99
8a8b8c8d8e8f8g8h8i8j8k8l8m8n8o8p88
7a7b7c7d7e7f7g7h7i7j7k7l7m7n7o7p77
6a6b6c6d6e6f6g6h6i6j6k6l6m6n6o6p66
5a5b5c5d5e5f5g5h5i5j5k5l5m5n5o5p55
4a4b4c4d4e4f4g4h4i4j4k4l4m4n4o4p44
3a3b3c3d3e3f3g3h3i3j3k3l3m3n3o3p33
2a2 white pawnb2 white pawnc2 white pawnd2 white pawne2 white pawnf2 white pawng2 white pawnh2 white pawni2 white pawnj2 white pawnk2 white pawnl2 white pawnm2 white pawnn2 white pawno2 white pawnp2 white pawn2
1a1 white rookb1 white knightc1 white bishopd1 white queene1 white kingf1 white bishopg1 white knighth1 white rooki1 white rookj1 white knightk1 white bishopl1 white queenm1 white kingn1 white bishopo1 white knightp1 white rook1
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Double chess board and initial setup. Pawns advance up to four squares on their first move

Double chess is a chess variant invented by Julian S. Grant Hayward in 1916.[1][2] The game is played on a 16×12 chessboard with each player in control of two complete armies placed side by side.

The rules were published in the January 1929 issue of British Chess Magazine.

Game rules

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The illustration shows the starting setup. A player wins by checkmating either enemy king.

Additional rules:

  • Pawns have an initial up-to-four step option. En passant captures are permitted.
  • A king may castle only on its own half of the board.

As in standard chess, pawns promote upon reaching the furthest rank.

Capablanca vs. Maróczy match

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This section uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.

J. R. Capablanca, who had experimented with different forms of chess in the 1920s, found the game "remarkably interesting",[3] and a four-game match was held with Géza Maróczy on 22nd to 26th April 1929 at the Royal Automobile Club, Pall Mall, London. Capablanca won the match (+2−0=2).[4]

The only known game score from the match is of the first game, having a time control requiring 30 moves per 90 minutes by each player:[a]

abcdefghijklmnop
12a12b12c12 black kingd12e12f12g12h12 black rooki12j12 black rookk12l12m12n12 black rooko12p1212
11a11 black pawnb11 black pawnc11 black pawnd11e11 black knightf11 black bishopg11h11i11j11k11l11m11n11 black pawno11 black pawnp11 black king11
10a10b10c10d10e10f10g10h10i10j10k10l10m10n10o10p10 black pawn10
9a9b9c9d9e9f9g9h9i9 black knightj9k9l9 black pawnm9 black pawnn9o9p9 black queen9
8a8b8c8d8 black pawne8 black pawnf8g8h8 black pawni8j8k8 black pawnl8m8n8o8p8 white knight8
7a7b7c7d7e7f7 black pawng7h7 white pawni7 black pawnj7k7l7m7n7o7p77
6a6b6c6d6e6f6g6 black pawnh6i6 white pawnj6 black knightk6 white pawnl6m6n6 white pawno6p66
5a5b5c5d5e5f5g5 white pawnh5i5 white knightj5k5l5 white pawnm5n5o5 white rookp55
4a4b4c4d4e4 white pawnf4g4h4i4j4k4l4m4n4o4p4 white queen4
3a3b3c3 white knightd3 white pawne3f3g3h3i3j3k3l3m3 white pawnn3o3p33
2a2 white pawnb2 white pawnc2 white pawnd2e2f2 white pawng2h2i2j2k2l2m2n2o2 white pawnp2 white pawn2
1a1b1c1 white kingd1e1f1g1 white knighth1 white rooki1 white rookj1k1l1m1n1o1 white kingp11
abcdefghijklmnop
Position after 58.Nxg1

White: Maróczy   Black: Capablanca
1.i6 m10 2.h6 Nn10 3.Nc3 Nc10 4.Nn3 d8 5.m3 e8 6.Bl3 Bd10 7.d3 Be10 8.g5 Qd11 9.e4 0-0-0 10.Be3 f7 11.Qg4 g7 12.0-0-0 Nf10 13.Bfj5 Rdg12 14.Qh3 h8 15.Qm2 i7 16.Ni3 Ng8 17.h7 Ni9 18.Nge2 k8 19.k5 j7 20.Bjk4 Njk10 21.j5 g6 22.Ng4 Nj8 23.Bh4 Ne11 24.Bi5 Nl7 25.Bxd10 Qxd10 26.Qh2 Nl9 27.Bk2 Qo9 28.k6 Qxh2 29.Rxh2 Nj6 30.Bh1 jxk6 31.jxk6 Bh9 32.Ni5 Bef11 33.0-0 Nm7 34.Nl4 Bj8 35.Qo4 0-0 36.Bn7 Rij12 37.n6 Nml5 38.Rn5 Ql10 39.Rh4 Ql6 40.Qp4 Nj4 41.Nj5 Qn8 42.Rxj4 Qxn7 43.l5 Qn10 44.Rp5 p10 45.Ro4 Kp11 46.Bf4 Bl10 47.Bh2 Bn8 48.Nl6 Bj11 49.Bo6 Bxo6 50.Rxo6 l9 51.Ro8 m9 52.Rdh1 Rg10 53.Bg1 Qn9 54.R8o5 Ro10 55.Nn7 Rxo5 56.Rxo5 Bxg1 57.Np8 Qp9 58.Nxg1 (diagram) Nxl5 59.Rh4 Rj9 60.Rho4 Ro12 61.n7 Nxm3 62.Rm4 Nk2 63.Rk1 Rhj12 64.Rxk2 Rj1+ 65.Kn2 Rxg1+ 66.Kd2 Nk10 67.Qp7 Nl8 68.Qo7 n10 69.Rkm2 Nn9 70.Nxn9 Qxn9 71.Qn6 Rj11 72.Ko3 l8 73.Rn4 Qn8 74.Rn3 Ri1 75.Ne2 Ri3 76.Rmm3 Rxm3 77.Rxm3 Rj6 78.Nf4 Qh2 79.Nfh3 Ql2 80.Qn4 Bxk6 81.Nxk6 Rxk6 82.p4 Rk3 83.Rm5 Rj12 84.Kp2 Rxh3 85.Qi4+ l7 86.Qxh3 Qxf2+ 87.Kc3 Rj2 88.Ro3 Qc5+ 89.Kb3 Qxc2+ 90.Kb4 Qxb2+ 91.Kc4 Rc2+ 92.Kd5 Qb5+ 93.Kd4 Qc5# 0–1

See also

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  • Tweedle Chess – a variant with two kings and two queens per side on a 10×10 board.

Notes

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  1. ^ "The first game was played at the rate of 30 moves in one-and-a-half hours; the subsequent games at 30 moves an hour. Only the score of the first game is known to exist. The last game was reportedly the most interesting.
    Game 1: 93 moves   Capablanca won
    Game 2: 82 moves   Drawn
    Game 3: 74 moves   Capablanca won
    Game 4: 63 moves   Drawn"[5]

References

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  1. ^ Pritchard (1994), pp. 91–92
  2. ^ Gligorić (2002), p. 73
  3. ^ Pritchard (1994), p. 91: "Hayward drew Capablanca's attention to the game. The Cuban found it 'remarkably interesting' and a match was arranged between him and the Hungarian master Geza Maroczy.".
  4. ^ Pritchard (2007), p. 179: "Capablanca won two and two were drawn (Evening Standard, London, 29 April 1929)."
  5. ^ Pritchard 1994, p. 91.

Bibliography

  • Gligorić, Svetozar (2002). Shall We Play Fischerandom Chess?. B.T. Batsford Ltd. ISBN 0-7134-8764-X.
  • Pritchard, D. B. (1994). The Encyclopedia of Chess Variants. Games & Puzzles Publications. ISBN 0-9524142-0-1.
  • Pritchard, D. B. (2007). Beasley, John (ed.). The Classified Encyclopedia of Chess Variants. John Beasley. ISBN 978-0-9555168-0-1.
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