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Jennie Carignan

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General

Jennie Carignan

CMM MSC MSM CD
Official portrait, head and shoulder shot with a middle-aged woman with short white hair, wearing a dark uniform and medals.
Carignan in 2024
Birth nameMarie Annabelle Jennie Carignan
Born1968 (age 55–56)
Asbestos, Quebec, Canada
AllegianceCanada Canada
Service / branch Canadian Army
Years of service1986–present
Rank General
CommandsChief of the Defence Staff (2024–present)
Chief, Professional Conduct and Culture (2021–2024)
Commander, NATO Mission Iraq (2019–2020)
Chief of Staff of Army Operations (2016–2018)
Awards
Alma mater
Spouse(s)Eric Lefrançois
Children4

General Marie Annabelle Jennie Carignan CMM MSC MSM CD (born 1968) is a Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) officer who has served as Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) since July 2024. Born in Quebec, she is bilingual and graduated as a military engineer from the CAF’s Royal Military College Saint-Jean. She served as an officer in combat engineering regiments in various Canadian military actions in the 1990s and 2000s including: the Golan Heights; Bosnia; and Afghanistan. As a full colonel, Carignan became Commandant of the Royal Military College Saint-Jean in 2013.

When Carignan was promoted to brigadier-general, in June 2016, she became the first Canadian female general from a combat command. She was promoted again in 2019, to major-general, and commanded NATO forces in Iraq. In 2021, she was promoted to lieutenant-general, and became CAF’s first chief for Professional Conduct and Culture. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced she would become the first woman to serve as CDS on 3 July 2024. The appointment and promotion to general took effect on 18 July 2024, with the change of command ceremony.

Early life, education, and family

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Marie Annabelle Jennie Carignan was born in 1968, and grew up in Asbestos, Quebec, in a French-speaking household.[1] Growing up, the only career she considered aside from the military was dancing as she had learned ballet, lyrical and jazz dancing since the age of eight.[1] She joined the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) in 1986 and studied for a degree in fuels and materials engineering from the Royal Military College Saint-Jean.

She received a commission in 1990 and served at the Canadian Forces Bases of Chilliwack and Valcartier.[2] Carignan married Eric Lefrançois in 1990, having met while in the same platoon at military college and taking ballroom dance classes together while there.[1] He later retired from the army to look after their four children.[1] Two of their children, a son and a daughter, are also serving in the CAF.[2]

Military career

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Junior and senior officer

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She served as a peacekeeper in the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force in Golan Heights in 1993. She was to be posted to the United Nations Protection Force in Bosnia in 1995 but had to withdraw after becoming pregnant.[1] Carignan was promoted to major in 1999 and awarded a Master of Business Administration degree from Laval University.[2] She has also completed the Intermediate Learning Education (ILE) programme at the United States Army Command and General Staff College and holds the degree of Master of Military Art and Science (MMAS) from the college's School of Advanced Military Studies.[2]

She deployed to Bosnia in 2002 to clear explosive ordnance from farmers' fields.[1] Carignan became the first female deputy commander of a combat arms unit when she became deputy commanding officer and acting commander of 5 Combat Engineer Regiment in 2003.[3] She was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 2005.[2]

Carignan served as an instructor at the Canadian Land Force Command and Staff College in Kingston, Ontario, before she returned to 5 Combat Engineer Regiment as commanding officer in 2008.[2] Between 2009 and 2010 she commanded the Task Force Kandahar Engineer Regiment in Afghanistan,[4] being appointed deputy commander of 5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group upon her return.[1][2]

Carignan was promoted to colonel in June 2011 and appointed chief of staff of Joint Task Force Central. In May 2012, she and several other female Canadian Armed Forces members, toured Australia giving talks about their combat experiences in an effort to help promote women in combat positions, something Australia was still contemplating at the time.[5] In July 2013, Carignan became commandant of the Royal Military College Saint-Jean and in the same year received the Hermès Award for excellence in administration.[2] Carignan introduced sexual conduct training for all officer candidates and also reintroduced ballroom dance classes which had been discontinued in the 1990s.[1]

General officer

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Carignan was promoted to brigadier-general on 15 June 2016 and appointed chief of staff of army operations.[6] She became the first female Canadian general from a combat (as opposed to technical) arm.[1] Carignan was promoted to the rank of major-general on 15 August 2019 ahead of taking command of a training mission in Iraq.[7]

She was promoted to lieutenant-general in 2021 upon her appointment to the newly-created position of Chief for Professional Conduct and Culture,[8] with the responsibility of preventing sexual assault in the military.[9]

On 28 June 2024, news broke that Carignan would succeed General Wayne Eyre as Chief of the Defence Staff upon his retirement in July 2024.[10] The official announcement from the Prime Minister’s Office occurred on 3 July 2024, and included the mention that she would be promoted to the rank of full general.[11][12] Her appointment makes her the first female head of a national military force in any of the Five Eyes allied countries.[13] Her promotion took effect on 18 July 2024, at the change in command ceremony held at the Canadian War Museum with Governor General Mary Simon officiating.[14][15]

Honours and decorations

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Carignan has received the following orders and decorations during her military career:

Ribbon Description Notes
Order of Military Merit (CMM)
  • Appointed Officer (OMM) on 1 June 2016[16]
  • Promoted to Commander (CMM) on 21 September 2020[17]
 Meritorious Service Cross (MSC)
  • Awarded on 16 June 2021[18]
Meritorious Service Medal (MSM)
  • Awarded on 2 April 2011[19]
General Campaign Star - SOUTH-WEST ASIA
  • with AFGHANISTAN Clasp and Rotation bar
General Campaign Star - EXPEDITION
  • Operation IMPACT in Iraq
Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal
UN Disengagement Observation Force (UNDOF)
NATO Medal for the former Yugoslavia
Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal
Canadian Forces' Decoration (CD)
  • with two Clasp for 32 years of service
Legion of Merit - United States
  • Officer
  • Awarded 3 June 2022

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Campbell, Meagan (3 June 2016). "Meet the world's first female combat general". Maclean’s. Toronto: Rogers Communications. Archived from the original on 6 March 2024. Retrieved 26 November 2017. In June, 2016, Carignan, then 47, was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general (a one-star general).
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h PMO Staff (3 July 2024). "Lieutenant-General Jennie Carignan, CMM, MSC, MSM, CD" (Press release). Ottawa: King’s Printer for Canada. Office of the Prime Minister. Archived from the original on 5 July 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  3. ^ Bell, Stewart (26 October 2011). "Female soliders are a force to be reckoned with". National Post. Toronto: Post Media. p. A8. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ Fisher, Matthew (28 January 2013). "Canadian advised U.S. on women in combat". Calgary Herald. Calgary, Alberta: Postmedia. p. A9. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ Ditchburn, Jennifer (26 May 2012). "Canadian women share combat experiences". Waterloo Region Record. Waterloo, Ontario: Metroland Media. The Canadian Press. p. A13. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Newspapsers.com.
  6. ^ "Brigadier-General Jennie Carignan becomes highest-ranked female officer in the Combat Arms of the Canadian Army – Canada.ca". Government of Canada. 16 June 2016. Archived from the original on 20 January 2019. Retrieved 19 September 2024.
  7. ^ CTV Montreal Staff (13 August 2019). "Brigadier-General promoted to Major-General". CTV News. Montreal: Bell Media. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  8. ^ "Chief, Professional Conduct and Culture". canada.ca. Government of Canada. 29 April 2021. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  9. ^ Turnbell, Sarah (29 April 2021). "Feds initiate independent review into sexual misconduct in the military". CTV News. Montreal: Bell Media. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  10. ^ Ling, Philip (28 June 2024). "Lt.-Gen. Jennie Carignan chosen as next chief of the defence staff". CBC News. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  11. ^ Aziz, Saba (3 July 2024). "Lt.-Gen. Jennie Carignan will be Canada's 1st female defence chief". Global News. Toronto: Corus Entertainment. Archived from the original on 4 July 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  12. ^ PMO Staff (3 July 2024). "Prime Minister announces the upcoming appointment of the new Chief of the Defence Staff" (Press release). Ottawa: King’s Printer for Canada. Prime Minister's Office. Archived from the original on 4 July 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  13. ^ Racine, Jean-Francois (6 July 2024). "Une première femme pour diriger les Forces armées". Le Journal de Montréal (in French). Montreal: Quebecor. Archived from the original on 6 July 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  14. ^ Richie, Sarah (3 July 2024). "Lt.-Gen. Jennie Carignan to take helm as first woman in Canadian military's top job". CityNews. Toronto: Rogers Communications. The Canadian Press. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  15. ^ Burke, Ashley; Major, Darren (18 July 2024). "Gen. Jennie Carignan makes history as Canada's newest chief of the defence staff". CBC News. Toronto: Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 18 July 2024. Retrieved 18 July 2024.
  16. ^ GG Staff (1 June 2016). "Order of Military Merit Investiture Ceremony". The Governor General of Canada. Ottawa: King's Printer for Canada. Archived from the original on 9 February 2022. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  17. ^ GG Staff. "Brigadier-General Marie Annabelle Jennie Carignan". The Governor General of Canada. Ottawa: King's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 18 July 2024.
  18. ^ GG Staff (4 November 2021). "Governor General honours members of the Canadian Armed Forces". The Governor General of Canada. Ottawa: King's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  19. ^ GG Staff (4 November 2021). "Lieutenant-General Marie Annabelle Jennie Carignan". The Governor General of Canada. Ottawa: King's Printer for Canada. Archived from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
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Military offices
Preceded by Chief of the Defence Staff
2024–present 		Incumbent
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