Langdi
| Langdi | |
|---|---|
 'Hariyāṇvī' written in Langdi script | |
| Script type | |
Period | ? — 20th century |
| Region | Haryana, Delhi |
| Languages | Haryanvi, Punjabic languages, and Rajasthani languages |
| Related scripts | |
Parent systems | |
Langdi, also known as Langdi Hindi, was a script commonly used by traders used to write Haryanvi, Punjabi, or Saraiki in the Indian subcontinent.[1] Bookkeepers, known as munīm (Hindi: मुनीम, Urdu: مُنِیم), would also keep records in this script.[1] It remains undocumented.[2]
Some scholars have claimed that Langdi is a form of Mahajani for writing in parts of Haryana. Its proper connection must be more thoroughly explored.[3] It was one of the two main scripts used by merchants in northwest India, the other being Mundi.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "'Langdi Hindi' on the verge of extinction". The Tribune. Retrieved 2009-12-25.
- ^ Anushree, Anubha (8 September 2023). "Rethinking India's Manuscript Practices as Official Policy Undervalues Its Rich Heritage". The Wire. Retrieved 11 June 2025.
Langdi Hindi, a form of script used exclusively for bookkeeping in Haryana and the regions surrounding it remains completely undocumented.
- ^ Anshuman, Pandey (12 July 2011). "Proposal to Encode the Mahajani Script in ISO/IEC 10646" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
- ^ Kaushik, Kshama V.; Dutta, Kaushik (Jan 23, 2012). "Bahi-Khata and Parta System". India Means Business: How the elephant earned its stripes. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199088515.
The language used for writing depends on the business; since most of the Indian business was in the hands of Marwaris and Gujaratis in the eighteenth, nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, mundi was the language of choice for bookkeeping. The other accounting language was found among Punjabi businessmen which was called langdi Hindi.
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