List of Xiaoshiba Biota species
 |
This is a list of the fossils found within the Xiaoshiba Biota.
The Xiaoshiba Biota is a lagerstätte from south China, belonging to the Hongjingshao Formation. It dates to roughly 514 mya, near the end of Cambrian Stage 3. This interval lies between the more famous Maotianshan Shales and Burgess Shale in age.
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paraselkirkia |
|
Around 200 specimens |
Similar to Selkirkia in appearance, likely generalistic in diet[2] |
 |
| Mafangscolex |
|
13 specimens[3] |
Palaeoscolecid |
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Collinsium |
|
Three mostly complete specimens[4] |
Related to Acinocricus from North America |
|
| Omnidens |
|
Hundreds of oral cones, several frontal appendages[5] |
Largest animal of the Cambrian, related to Pambdelurion from Greenland |
 |
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alacaris |
|
Around 40 specimens |
 | |
| Chengjiangocaris |
|
Numerous specimens |
Fuxianhuiid |
 |
| Fuxianhuia |
|
Numerous specimens |
Fuxianhuiid |
 |
| Lihuacaris |
|
Six specimens |
Indeterminate arthropod, likely a fuxianhuiid[8] |
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clypecaris |
|
Multiple complete specimens |
First pair of appendages specialised for predation, carapace serrated[9] |
  Reconstructions of Clypecaris serrata |
| Pectocaris |
|
12 specimens of P. paraspatiosa, 19 specimens of P. spatiosa, 2 specimens of P. eurypetala and one specimen of P. inopinata[10] |
All species of Pectocaris present |
 P. spatiosa, P. erypetala, P. inopinata, P. paraspatiosa |
| Jugatacaris? |
|
One partial specimen |
Unclear whether it belongs to the genus due to its fragmentary nature[10] |
 |
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sidneyia |
|
Two specimens |
Smaller tail fluke than other species[11] |
 |
| Zhangshania |
|
Numerous specimens of all ages |
Synonymous with “Parazhangshania”[12] |
|
| Zhiwenia |
|
Four specimens |
Basal artiopod, related to Acanthomeridion[13] |
Annelida
[edit]| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xiaoshibachaeta |
|
One mostly complete fossil |
Earliest fossil of a burrowing annelid known[14] |
Mollusca
[edit]| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wiwaxia |
|
Six specimens |
Lacks spines, unlike W. corrugata[15] |
.png) |
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doulia |
|
Two specimens |
||
| Eolaminaria |
|
Three specimens |
||
| Rugophyca |
|
Eight specimens |
||
| Singulariphyca |
|
Thirty-five specimens |
Miscellaneous/Enigmatic
[edit]| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protomelission? |
|
Twelve specimens |
Assignment to the genus dubious due to differing preservation methods[17] |
 |
References
[edit]- ^ Yang, Xiao-yu; Vannier, Jean; Yang, Jie; Wang, Deng; Zhang, Xi-guang (November 2021). "Priapulid worms from the Cambrian of China shed light on reproduction in early animals". Geoscience Frontiers. 12 (6): 101234. Bibcode:2021GeoFr..1201234Y. doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2021.101234.
- ^ Tian, Lan; Jie, Yang; Jin-Bo, Hou; Xi-Guang, Zhang (January 2015). "The feeding behaviour of the Cambrian tubiculous priapulid Selkirkia". Lethaia. 48 (1): 125–132. Bibcode:2015Letha..48..125T. doi:10.1111/let.12093.
- ^ Yang, Jie; Smith, Martin R; Zhang, Xi-guang; Yang, Xiao-yu (December 2020). "Introvert and pharynx of Mafangscolex , a Cambrian palaeoscolecid" (PDF). Geological Magazine. 157 (12): 2044–2050. Bibcode:2020GeoM..157.2044Y. doi:10.1017/S0016756820000308.
- ^ Yang, Jie; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Gerber, Sylvain; Butterfield, Nicholas J.; Hou, Jin-bo; Lan, Tian; Zhang, Xi-guang (14 July 2015). "A superarmored lobopodian from the Cambrian of China and early disparity in the evolution of Onychophora". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112 (28): 8678–8683. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112.8678Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.1505596112. PMC 4507230. PMID 26124122.
- ^ Li, Wei; Yang, Jie; Yang, Xiaoyu; Dhungana, Alavya; Wang, Yu; Zhang, Xiguang; Smith, Martin R. (November 2024). "Omnidens appendages and the origin of radiodont mouthparts". Papers in Palaeontology. 10 (6). Bibcode:2024PPal...10E1600L. doi:10.1002/spp2.1600.
- ^ Yang, Jie; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Drage, Harriet B.; Du, Kun-sheng; Zhang, Xi-guang (5 April 2019). "Ecdysis in a stem-group euarthropod from the early Cambrian of China". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 5709. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.5709Y. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41911-w. PMC 6450865. PMID 30952888.
- ^ a b Yang, Jie; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Butterfield, Nicholas J.; Zhang, Xi-guang (February 2013). "Specialized appendages in fuxianhuiids and the head organization of early euarthropods". Nature. 494 (7438): 468–471. Bibcode:2013Natur.494..468Y. doi:10.1038/nature11874. PMID 23446418.
- ^ Jiao, De-guang; Pates, Stephen; Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Yang, Jie; Lan, Tian; Zhang, Xi-guang (November 2021). "New multipodomerous appendages of stem-group euarthropods from the Cambrian (Stage 4) Guanshan Konservat-Lagerstätte". Royal Society Open Science. 8 (11). Bibcode:2021RSOS....811134J. doi:10.1098/rsos.211134. PMC 8580442. PMID 34804574.
- ^ Yang, Jie; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Lan, Tian; Hou, Jin-bo; Zhang, Xi-guang (10 June 2016). "A predatory bivalved euarthropod from the Cambrian (Stage 3) Xiaoshiba Lagerstätte, South China". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 27709. Bibcode:2016NatSR...627709Y. doi:10.1038/srep27709. PMC 4901283. PMID 27283406.
- ^ a b Jin, Changfei; Chen, Hong; Mai, Huijuan; Hou, Xianguang; Yang, Xianfeng; Zhai, Dayou (15 April 2024). "Discovery of diverse Pectocaris species at the Cambrian series 2 Hongjingshao formation Xiazhuang section (Kunming, SW China) and its ecological, taphonomic, and biostratigraphic implications". PeerJ. 12: e17230. doi:10.7717/peerj.17230. PMC 11025544. PMID 38638159.
- ^ Du, Kunsheng; Bruton, David L.; Yang, Jie; Zhang, Xiguang (March 2023). "An early Cambrian Sidneyia (Arthropoda) resolves the century-long debate of its head organization". Science China Earth Sciences. 66 (3): 521–527. Bibcode:2023ScChD..66..521D. doi:10.1007/s11430-022-1019-8.
- ^ Hou, Jin-bo; Hughes, Nigel C.; Yang, Jie; Lan, Tian; Zhang, Xi-guang; Dominguez, Chrysalyn (January 2017). "Ontogeny of the articulated yiliangellinine trilobite Zhangshania typica from the lower Cambrian (Series 2, Stage 3) of southern China". Journal of Paleontology. 91 (1): 86–99. Bibcode:2017JPal...91...86H. doi:10.1017/jpa.2016.118.
- ^ Du, Kun-sheng; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Yang, Jie; Zhang, Xi-guang (June 2019). "A soft-bodied euarthropod from the early Cambrian Xiaoshiba Lagerstätte of China supports a new clade of basal artiopodans with dorsal ecdysial sutures". Cladistics. 35 (3): 269–281. doi:10.1111/cla.12344.
- ^ Yang, Xiaoyu; Aguado, M. Teresa; Yang, Jie; Bleidorn, Christoph (October 2024). "A burrowing annelid from the early Cambrian". Biology Letters. 20 (10). doi:10.1098/rsbl.2024.0357. PMC 11461068. PMID 39378985.
- ^ Yang, Jie; Smith, Martin R.; Lan, Tian; Hou, Jin-bo; Zhang, Xi-guang (10 April 2014). "Articulated Wiwaxia from the Cambrian Stage 3 Xiaoshiba Lagerstätte". Scientific Reports. 4 (1): 4643. Bibcode:2014NatSR...4.4643Y. doi:10.1038/srep04643. PMC 3982170.
- ^ Lan, Tian; Yang, Jie; Zhang, Xi-guang; Hou, Jin-bo (2018-06-15). "A new macroalgal assemblage from the Xiaoshiba Biota (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) of southern China". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 499: 35–44. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.02.029. ISSN 0031-0182.
- ^ Yang, Jie; Lan, Tian; Zhang, Xi-guang; Smith, Martin R. (16 March 2023). "Protomelission is an early dasyclad alga and not a Cambrian bryozoan". Nature. 615 (7952): 468–471. Bibcode:2023Natur.615..468Y. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05775-5. PMID 36890226.