List of Zygophyllales of South Africa

Zygophyllales is an order of dicotyledonous flowering plants. The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.^[1]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.^[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.^[3]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).^[4]

One family is represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Zygophyllaceae

Family: Zygophyllaceae,^[4]

Augea

Genus Augea:^[4]

Augea capensis Thunb. indigenous, indigenous

Balanites

Genus Balanites:^[4]

Balanites maughamii Sprague, indigenous, indigenous
- Balanites maughamii Sprague subsp. Maughamii indigenous, indigenous
Balanites pedicellaris Mildbr. & Schltr. Indigenous, indigenous, indigenous
- Balanites pedicellaris Mildbr. & Schltr. subsp. Pedicellaris, indigenous, indigenous
Balanites welwitschii (Tiegh.) Exell & Mendonça, accepted as Balanites angolensis (Welw.) Welw. ex Mildbr. & Schltr. subsp. welwitschii (Tiegh.) Sands

Fagonia

Genus Fagonia:^[4]

Fagonia capensis Hadidi, indigenous, indigenous
Fagonia isotricha Murb. Indigenous, indigenous
- Fagonia isotricha Murb. var. isotricha, indigenous

Roepera

Genus Roepera:^[4]

Roepera botulifolia (Van Zyl) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera cordifolia (L.f.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera cuneifolia (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera debilis (Cham.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera divaricata (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera flexuosa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera foetida (Schrad. & J.C.Wendl.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera fulva (L.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera fuscata (Van Zyl) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera horrida (Cham.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera incrustata (Sond.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera leptopetala (Sond.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera leucoclada (Diels) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera lichtensteiniana (Cham.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera macrocarpon (Retief) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera maculata (Aiton) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera maritima (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera microphyllum (L.f.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera morgsana (L.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera pubescens (Schinz) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera pygmaea (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera rogersii (Compton) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera schreiberi (Merxm. & Giess) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera sessilifolia (L.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera sphaerocarpa (Schltr. ex Huysst.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera spinosa (L.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Roepera teretifolia (Schltr.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous

Seetzenia

Genus Seetzenia:^[4]

Seetzenia lanata (Willd.) Bullock, indigenous

Sisyndite

Genus Sisyndite:^[4]

Sisyndite spartea E.Mey. ex Sond. indigenous

Tetraena

Genus Tetraena:^[4]

Tetraena chrysopteron (Retief) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena clavata (Schltr. & Diels) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena decumbens (Delile) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena microcarpa (Licht. ex Cham.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena prismatocarpa (Sond.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena pterocaulis (Van Zyl) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena retrofracta (Thunb.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena rigida (Schinz) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena simplex (L.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Tetraena tenuis (Glover) Beier & Thulin, indigenous

Tribulus

Genus Tribulus:^[4]

Tribulus cristatus C.Presl, indigenous
Tribulus pterophorus C.Presl, indigenous
Tribulus terrestris L. indigenous
Tribulus zeyheri Sond. indigenous
- Tribulus zeyheri Sond. subsp. zeyheri, indigenous

Zygophyllum

Genus Zygophyllum:^[4]

Zygophyllum botulifolium van Zyl, accepted as Roepera botulifolia (Van Zyl) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum campanulatum Dinter ex Range, accepted as Tetraena longicapsularis (Schinz) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum chrysopteron Retief, accepted as Tetraena chrysopteron (Retief) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum cinereum Schinz, accepted as Tetraena longicapsularis (Schinz) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum clavatum Schltr. & Diels, accepted as Tetraena clavata (Schltr. & Diels) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum cordifolium L.f. accepted as Roepera cordifolia (L.f.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum crassifolium Schltr. ex Huysst. accepted as Roepera cuneifolia (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum cuneifolium Eckl. & Zeyh. accepted as Roepera cuneifolia (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum debile Cham. & Schltdl. accepted as Roepera debilis (Cham.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum decumbens Delile, accepted as Tetraena decumbens (Delile) Beier & Thulin, present
Zygophyllum densiflorum Schinz, accepted as Zygophyllum dregeanum Sond.
Zygophyllum dichotomum Cham. & Schltdl. endemic
Zygophyllum divaricatum Eckl. & Zeyh. accepted as Roepera divaricata (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum dregeanum Sond. indigenous
Zygophyllum flexuosum Eckl. & Zeyh. accepted as Roepera flexuosa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum foetidum Schrad. & J.C.Wendl. accepted as Roepera foetida (Schrad. & J.C.Wendl.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum fulvum L. accepted as Roepera fulva (L.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum fuscatum van Zyl, accepted as Roepera fuscata (Van Zyl) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum garipense E.Mey. accepted as Tetraena microcarpa (Licht. ex Cham.) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum gilfillanii N.E.Br. accepted as Roepera lichtensteiniana (Cham.) Beier & Thulin, present
Zygophyllum glaucum E.Mey. ex Sond. indigenous
Zygophyllum horridum Cham. accepted as Roepera horrida (Cham.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum incanum Schinz, accepted as Tetraena longistipula (Schinz) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum incrustatum E.Mey. ex Sond. accepted as Roepera incrustata (Sond.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum latialatum Engl. accepted as Tetraena rigida (Schinz) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum leptopetalum E.Mey. ex Sond. accepted as Roepera leptopetala (Sond.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum leucocladum Diels, accepted as Roepera leucoclada (Diels) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum lichtensteinianum Cham. & Schltdl. accepted as Roepera lichtensteiniana (Cham.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum longicapsulare Schinz, accepted as Tetraena longicapsularis (Schinz) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum longistipulatum Schinz, accepted as Tetraena longistipula (Schinz) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum macrocarpon Retief, accepted as Roepera macrocarpon (Retief) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum maculatum Aiton, accepted as Roepera maculata (Aiton) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum maritimum Eckl. & Zeyh. accepted as Roepera maritima (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum maximiliani Schltr. ex Huysst. indigenous
Zygophyllum meyeri Sond. accepted as Roepera foetida (Schrad. & J.C.Wendl.) Beier & Thulin, present
Zygophyllum microcarpum Licht. ex Cham. & Schltdl. accepted as Tetraena microcarpa (Licht. ex Cham.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum microphyllum L.f. accepted as Roepera microphyllum (L.f.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum morgsana L. accepted as Roepera morgsana (L.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum paradoxum Schinz, accepted as Roepera cordifolia (L.f.) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum pfeilii Engl. accepted as Roepera cordifolia (L.f.) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum prismatocarpum E.Mey. ex Sond. accepted as Tetraena prismatocarpa (Sond.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum procumbens Adamson, accepted as Roepera spinosa (L.) Beier & Thulin, present
Zygophyllum pterocaule van Zyl, accepted as Tetraena pterocaulis (Van Zyl) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum pubescens Schinz, accepted as Roepera pubescens (Schinz) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum pygmaeum Eckl. & Zeyh. accepted as Roepera pygmaea (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum retrofractum Thunb. accepted as Tetraena retrofracta (Thunb.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum rigidum B.D.Jacks. accepted as Balanites roxburghii Planch. present
Zygophyllum rigidum Schinz, accepted as Tetraena rigida (Schinz) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum rogersii Compton, accepted as Roepera rogersii (Compton) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum schaeferi Engl. accepted as Roepera cordifolia (L.f.) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum schreiberanum Merxm. & Giess, accepted as Roepera schreiberi (Merxm. & Giess) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum sessilifolium L. accepted as Roepera sessilifolia (L.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum simplex L. accepted as Tetraena simplex (L.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum sonderi H.Eichler, indigenous
Zygophyllum sphaerocarpum Schltr. ex Huysst. accepted as Roepera sphaerocarpa (Schltr. ex Huysst.) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum spinosum L. accepted as Roepera spinosa (L.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum suffruticosum Schinz, accepted as Tetraena rigida (Schinz) Beier & Thulin, present
Zygophyllum sulcatum Huysst. accepted as Roepera leucoclada (Diels) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum tenue P.E.Glover, accepted as Tetraena tenuis (Glover) Beier & Thulin, indigenous
Zygophyllum teretifolium Schltr. accepted as Roepera teretifolia (Schltr.) Beier & Thulin, endemic
Zygophyllum trothai Diels, accepted as Tetraena rigida (Schinz) Beier & Thulin
Zygophyllum uitenhagense Sond. accepted as Roepera maritima (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Beier & Thulin, present

References

^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.

[Doyle_and_Donoghue_1986-1] Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.

[Butler_2019-2] Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.

[PlantZAfrica-3] "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.

[Plants_2018-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.

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