Massachusetts's congressional districts

Massachusetts is currently divided into nine congressional districts, each represented by a member of the United States House of Representatives. After the 2010 census, the number of seats in Massachusetts was decreased from 10 to nine, due to the State's low growth in population since the year 2000. This mandatory redistricting after the 2010 census eliminated Massachusetts's 10th congressional district, as well as causing a major shift in how the state's congressional districts are currently drawn.

Current districts and representatives

List of members of the United States House delegation from Massachusetts in the 118th Congress, their terms, their district boundaries, and the district political ratings, according to the CPVI. The delegation has a total of nine members, all of whom are members of the Democratic party.

Current U.S. representatives from Massachusetts
District	Member (Residence)^[1]	Party	Incumbent since	CPVI (2022)^[2]	District map
1st	Richard Neal (Springfield)	Democratic	January 3, 1989	D+9
2nd	Jim McGovern (Worcester)	Democratic	January 3, 1997	D+13
3rd	Lori Trahan (Westford)	Democratic	January 3, 2019	D+11
4th	Jake Auchincloss (Newton)	Democratic	January 3, 2021	D+12
5th	Katherine Clark (Revere)	Democratic	December 12, 2013	D+23
6th	Seth Moulton (Salem)	Democratic	January 3, 2015	D+11
7th	Ayanna Pressley (Boston)	Democratic	January 3, 2019	D+35
8th	Stephen Lynch (Boston)	Democratic	October 16, 2001	D+15
9th	Bill Keating (Bourne)	Democratic	January 3, 2011	D+6

History of apportionment

Census year	Resident population^{[nb 1]}	Number of representatives^{[nb 2]}	Constituents per representative (Massachusetts)	Constituents per representative (nationally)
1789	No census	8	N/A	N/A
1790	378,787	14	27,056	30,000
1800	422,845	17	24,873	33,000
1810	472,040	20	23,602	35,000
1820	523,287	13	40,253	40,000
1830	610,408	12	50,867	47,700
1840	737,699	10	73,770	70,680
1850	994,514	11	90,410	93,425
1860	1,231,066	10	123,107	127,381
1870	1,457,351	11	132,486	131,425
1880	1,783,085	12	148,590	151,912
1890	2,238,947	13	172,227	173,901
1900	2,805,346	14	200,381	194,182
1910	3,366,416	16	210,401	212,407
1920	3,852,356	16	N/A	N/A
1930	4,249,614	15	283,307	280,675
1940	4,316,721	14	308,337	301,164
1950	4,690,514	14	335,037	344,587
1960	5,148,578	12	429,048	410,481
1970	5,689,170	12	477,223	469,088
1980	5,737,093	11	521,549	519,235
1990	6,016,425	10	602,905	572,466
2000	6,349,097	10	635,557	646,952
2010	6,547,629	9^[3]^[4]	728,849	710,767

Source: U.S. Census Bureau.

Enumeration trends

After the 1890 census, and starting with the 53rd United States Congress in 1893, Massachusetts's congressional districts were numbered west to east, with the first district in the west (Berkshire County) and the highest numbered district at Cape Cod. Before then, the district numeration was not as consistent; sometimes running east to west, other times going counter-clockwise around Boston.

Historical and present district boundaries

Table of United States congressional district boundary maps in the State of Massachusetts, presented chronologically.^[5] All redistricting events that took place in Massachusetts between 1973 and 2013 are shown.

Year	Statewide map	Boston highlight
1973–1982
1983–1992
1993–2002
2003–2013
2013-2023
Since 2023

The Commonwealth's districts, as of 1796.
The Commonwealth's districts, as of 1842.
The Commonwealth's districts, as of 1891.
The Commonwealth's districts, as of 1901.

Notes

^ The resident population excludes the overseas population.
^ Congressional apportionment for each state is based upon (1) the resident population and (2) the overseas U.S. military and federal civilian employees (and their dependents living with them) allocated to their home state, as reported by the employing federal agencies.

References

^ "Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives". clerk.house.gov. Retrieved January 6, 2022.
^ "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 8, 2023.
^ "Deval Patrick Signs New Massachusetts Map", Roll Call, Washington, DC, November 21, 2011
^ "Massachusetts Redistricting Analysis". Daily Kos. November 14, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2013.
^ "Digital Boundary Definitions of United States Congressional Districts, 1789–2012". Retrieved October 18, 2014.

"State Apportionment". Massachusetts Register ... for 1843. Boston: Loring.
John Hayward (1849). "Congressional Districts". Gazetteer of Massachusetts. Boston: J.P. Jewett & Co.
"Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the Second Session of the Thirty-Seventh Congress. Washington DC: House of Representatives. 1861.
"Congressional Districts". Massachusetts Register 1862. Boston: Adams, Sampson, & Co.
Ben. Perley Poore (1869). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Forty-First Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
Ben. Perley Poore (1878). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 45th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
Ben. Perley Poore (1882). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 47th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
Ben. Perley Poore (1884). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: Forty-Eighth Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
W.H. Michael (1889). "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fiftieth Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
Francis M. Cox (1893). "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Third Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
L.A. Coolidge (1897). "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Fifth Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office.

20th century

"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Sixth Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1900.
A.J. Halford (1903). "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Eighth Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
A.J. Halford (1909). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 60th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 64th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1916.
Commonwealth of Massachusetts (1921), "Population of Congressional Districts", Population of Massachusetts as determined by the fourteenth census of the United States 1920, Boston: Wright & Potter
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 68th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1924.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 70th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1927.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 73rd Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1934.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 75th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1938.
Commonwealth of Massachusetts (1941), "Population of Congressional Districts", Population of Massachusetts as determined by the sixteenth census of the United States, 1940, Boston: Wright & Potter, OCLC 10056477, House No. 2849
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 80th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1947.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 81st Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1949.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 83rd Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1953.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 85th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1958.
"Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 87th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1961.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 88th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1963.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 90th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1968.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 92nd Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1972.
"Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 93rd Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1973.
"Massachusetts", 1977 Official Congressional Directory: 95th Congress, Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977
"Massachusetts". 1985-1986 Official Congressional Directory: 99th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1985.
"Massachusetts". 1991-1992 Official Congressional Directory: 102nd Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1991.
"Congressional Biographies: Massachusetts", Congressional Directory for the 105th Congress (1997-1998), Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997

21st century

"Congressional Biographies: Massachusetts", Congressional Directory for the 107th Congress (2001 - 2002), Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001
"Massachusetts", 2003-2004 Official Congressional Directory for the 108th Congress, Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2003

External links

Massachusetts Congressional Districts map, 2004

[3] The resident population excludes the overseas population.

[4] Congressional apportionment for each state is based upon (1) the resident population and (2) the overseas U.S. military and federal civilian employees (and their dependents living with them) allocated to their home state, as reported by the employing federal agencies.

[1] "Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives". clerk.house.gov. Retrieved January 6, 2022.

[2] "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 8, 2023.

[5] "Deval Patrick Signs New Massachusetts Map", Roll Call, Washington, DC, November 21, 2011

[6] "Massachusetts Redistricting Analysis". Daily Kos. November 14, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2013.

[7] "Digital Boundary Definitions of United States Congressional Districts, 1789–2012". Retrieved October 18, 2014.

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