Mazaeus
Mazaeus | |
|---|---|
 Possible coin of Mazaeus | |
| Native name | Mazaios |
| Born | 385 BC |
| Died | 328 BC (aged 57 years) Babylon |
| Allegiance | Achaemenid Empire, Macedonian Empire |
| Rank | Satrap of Cilicia (under the Achaemenids) Satrap of Babylon (under Alexander the Great) |
Mazaeus or Mazday (Aramaic: 𐡌𐡆𐡃𐡉 MZDY, Greek: Μαζαῖος Mazaios)[1] (died 328 BC) was an Achaemenid Persian noble, satrap (a type of governor) of Cilicia and later satrap of Babylon for the Achaemenid Empire. He retained the satrapy after Babylon was under the rule of Alexander the Great.[2]
Life
[edit]Mazaeus was the penultimate Persian satrap (governor) of Cilicia. His successor in Cilicia was Arsames, who was ultimately expelled by Alexander the Great.
At the Battle of Gaugamela, Mazaeus commanded the right flank with the Syrian, Median, Mesopotamian, Parthian, Sacian, Tapurian, Hyrcanian, Sacesinian, Cappadocian, and Armenian cavalry.
As a reward for his recognition of Alexander as the legitimate successor of Darius, Mazaeus was rewarded by being able to retain the satrapy of Babylon, as a Hellenistic satrap.[2] Alexander left a Macedonian, Apollodorus of Amphipolis, as the military commander of the garrison of Babylon, and another as tax-collector.[2] Mazaeus continued minting coins under his name, and later without his name.
The daughter of the Persian king Darius III, Stateira II, was originally betrothed to him, but he died before they could be married. She was eventually married to Alexander.
Waldemar Heckel suggested that the Alexander Sarcophagus might have been dedicated to him.[3]
Mazaeus was replaced as satrap of Babylon by Stamenes.[4]
Coinage
[edit]Mazaeus had an abundant coinage, which he minted in Tarsos, Sidon and Babylon. Coinage as Satrap of Cilicia
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Mazday (Mazaios) as ruler of Sidon. Circa 353-333 BC. -
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Coinage as Satrap of Babylon
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Coinage of Mazaios as Hellenistic Satrap of Babylon, circa 331-328 BC. -
Late coinage of Mazaeus as satrap of Babylon.
References
[edit]- ^ Metcalf, William (2012). The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage. Oxford University Press USA. ISBN 978-0-19-530574-6.
- ^ a b c O'Brien, J. M. (2003). Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy: A Biography. Routledge. p. 94. ISBN 9781134845019.
- ^ Heckel, Waldemar (2006). "Mazaeus, Callisthenes and the Alexander Sarcophagus". Historia. 55 (4): 385–396. doi:10.25162/historia-2006-0025.
- ^ Roisman, Joseph (2002). Brill's Companion to Alexander the Great. BRILL. p. 189. ISBN 9789004217553.
Rulers in the Achaemenid Empire | ||
|---|---|---|
Family tree - Achaemenid Kingdom | ||
| Kings of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire |  | |
| Satraps of Lydia | ||
| Satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia | ||
| Satraps of Cappadocia | ||
| Greek Governors of Asia Minor cities | ||
| Dynasts of Lycia | ||
| Dynasts of Caria | ||
| Kings of Macedonia | ||
| Kings of Tyre | ||
| Kings of Sidon |
| |
| Satraps of Armenia | ||
| Satraps of Egypt | ||
| Satraps of Bactria | ||
| Satraps of Media | ||
| Satraps of Cilicia | ||
| Other known satraps | ||
In most territories, Achaemenid rulers were succeeded by Hellenistic satraps and Hellenistic rulers from around 330 BC | ||