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Neolithodes

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Neolithodes
Neolithodes crab at the Davidson Seamount off California
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Infraorder: Anomura
Family: Lithodidae
Subfamily: Lithodinae
Genus: Neolithodes
A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1894
Type species
Neolithodes grimaldii

Neolithodes is a genus of king crabs in the subfamily Lithodinae.[1] Although there are records from water as shallow as 70 m (230 ft) in cold regions, most records are much deeper, typically 700–2,000 m (2,300–6,600 ft), with the deepest confirmed at 5,238 m (17,185 ft).[2][3][4][5][6]

Description

It has a pear-shaped carapace, with spines, which are fully developed covering overall the carapace and pereiopods. Other species is instead covered by spinules or granules, The rostral spine is forked, sometimes not bifid. Its carapace is most spinulous than the walking legs.

Interactions with other species

Various sessile organisms such as barnacles are sometimes attached to their carapace and legs,[3][7] and small commensal amphipods may live in their carapace.[8] They are occasionally the victims of parasitic snailfish of the genus Careproctus, which lay their egg mass in the gill chamber of the crab, forming a mobile "home" until they hatch.[4] Conversely, some juvenile Neolithodes have a commensal relationship with Scotoplanes sea cucumbers. To protect itself from large predators, the young crab hides under the sea cucumber.[9]

Taxonomy

Neolithodes was described in 1894 by carcinologists Alphonse Milne-Edwards and Eugène Louis Bouvier.[10] The word Neolithodes derives from the Greek neo, meaning new, and Lithodes, a closely related genus of king crab.[11] The name of the latter genus originates from the Latin lithodes, meaning stone like.[11] No known Neolithodes fossils exist.[12]

Species

Neolithodes contains the following species:[1]

Image Scientific name Common name Distribution References
Neolithodes agassizii (Smith, 1882) Western Atlantic [13]
Neolithodes asperrimus Barnard, 1947 Rough stone crab South Africa to Mauritania [14][15]
Neolithodes brodiei Dawson & Yaldwyn, 1970 Brodie's king crab New Zealand and adjacent waters [16][17]
Neolithodes bronwynae Ahyong, 2010 Rock crab Bay of Plenty, Lord Howe Rise, eastern Australia, possibly New Caledonia, Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain [18][19][20]
Neolithodes capensis Stebbing, 1905 Cape stone crab Southern Ocean, Indian Ocean, Bellingshausen Sea [citation needed] [21]
Neolithodes diomedeae (Benedict, 1895) Eastern Pacific, Southwestern Atlantic, Southern Ocean [citation needed]
Neolithodes duhameli Macpherson, 2004 Crozet Islands [13]
Neolithodes flindersi Ahyong, 2010 Southeastern Australia [22]
Neolithodes grimaldii (Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1894) Porcupine crab North Atlantic [23]
Neolithodes indicus Padate, Cubelio & Takeda, 2020 Southeastern Arabian Sea [24]
Neolithodes nipponensis Sakai, 1971 Japanese spiny crab Japan and Taiwan [25][13]
Neolithodes vinogradovi Macpherson, 1988 Arabian Sea to the Coral Sea [26][27]
Neolithodes yaldwyni Ahyong & Dawson, 2006 Ross Sea [28]

References

  1. ^ a b Ahyong, Shane T. (12 December 2023). "Neolithodes A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1894". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  2. ^ Stevens, Bradley G., ed. (2014). King Crabs of the World: Biology and Fisheries Management. CRC Press. doi:10.1201/b16664. ISBN 978-1-4398-5541-6. LCCN 2013036692.[page needed]
  3. ^ a b Quigley, Declan T. G.; Flannery, Kevin (April 1997). "Neolithodes grimaldii Milne Edwards & Bouvier 1894 (Lithodes goodei Benedict 1895) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) in Irish offshore waters". Irish Naturalists' Journal. 25 (10): 373–374. JSTOR 25536085. Retrieved 14 May 2020 – via ResearchGate.
  4. ^ a b Ahyong, Shane T. (18 February 2010). "Neolithodes flindersi, a new species of king crab from southeastern Australia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Lithodidae)". Zootaxa. 2362: 55–62. doi:10.5281/zenodo.193654. Retrieved 14 May 2020 – via ResearchGate.
  5. ^ Macpherson, Enrique (2001). "New species and new records of lithodid crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the southwestern and central Pacific Ocean" (PDF). Zoosystema. 23 (4): 797–805. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 14 May 2020 – via the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.
  6. ^ Poore, Gary C. B.; Ahyong, Shane T. (2023). "Anomura". Marine Decapod Crustacea: A Guide to Families and Genera of the World. CRC Press. pp. 311–317. ISBN 978-1-4863-1178-1.
  7. ^ Williams, Ruth; Moyse, John (May 1988). "Occurrence, Distribution, and Orientation of Poecilasma kaempferi Darwin (Cirripedia: Pedunculata) Epizoic on Neolithodes grimaldi Milne-edwards and Bouvier (Decapoda: Anomura) in the Northeast Atlantic". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 8 (2): 177–186. Bibcode:1988JCBio...8..177W. doi:10.2307/1548310. JSTOR 1548310.
  8. ^ Soto, Luis A.; Corona, Adriana (31 December 2007). "Gammaropsis (Podoceropsis) grasslei (Amphipoda: Photidae) a new species of commensal amphipod of the deep-water lithodid Neolithodes diomedeae from the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California". Zootaxa. 1406: 33–39. doi:10.5281/zenodo.175510.
  9. ^ Barry, James P.; Taylor, Josi R.; Kuhnz, Linda A.; DeVogelaere, Andrew P. (15 October 2016). "Symbiosis between the holothurian Scotoplanes sp. A and the lithodid crab Neolithodes diomedeae on a featureless bathyal sediment plain". Marine Ecology. 38 (2): e12396. doi:10.1111/maec.12396. eISSN 1439-0485.
  10. ^ Milne-Edwards & Bouvier 1894, pp. 62–63, 91–92.
  11. ^ a b Emmerson 2017, p. 93.
  12. ^ Emmerson 2017, p. 92.
  13. ^ a b c Ahyong 2010b, p. 73.
  14. ^ Atkinson & Sink 2018, p. 188.
  15. ^ de Matos-Pita, Ramil & Ramos 2018, p. 5.
  16. ^ "Brodie's king crab (NEB)". Fisheries New Zealand. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
  17. ^ Ahyong 2010b, p. 83.
  18. ^ "Deep-sea survey of Australian marine parks reveals striking species". Mongabay. 19 December 2018. Archived from the original on 29 August 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  19. ^ Ahyong 2010b, p. 89.
  20. ^ Egorova & Dautova 2025, p. 3.
  21. ^ Atkinson & Sink 2018, p. 189.
  22. ^ Ahyong 2010b, p. 101.
  23. ^ Macpherson 1988, p. 45.
  24. ^ Padate, Cubelio & Takeda 2020, p. 71.
  25. ^ Muraoka 1989, p. 54.
  26. ^ Witte 1999, p. 142.
  27. ^ Macpherson 1990, p. 218.
  28. ^ Ahyong 2010b, p. 107.

Works cited

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