Nishanwalia Misl
Nishanwalia Misl | |
|---|---|
| Status | Misl |
| Capital | Ambala and Shahbad (initial) Zira (later) |
| Common language | Punjabi |
| Religion | |
| Government | Aristocratic republic |
| Misldar | |
• 1748-1767 | Dasaundha Singh Shergill |
• 1767-1774 | Sangat Singh Shergill |
• | Lal Singh and Gurbakhsh Singh |
• | Mohar Singh, Kapur Singh, and Anup Singh |
| Daya Kaur | |
| Legislature | Sarbat Khalsa |
| Today part of | India |
| Misls of the Sikh Confederacy |
|---|
 |
The Nishanwalia Misl, also spelt as Nishananvali Misl, was a Sikh misl.[3][4][5] The Misl was founded by Dasaundha Singh Shergill a leader of Tarna Dal.[6] The misl was ruled by the Shergill Jats.[7] The misl was based in Ambala, Shahbad, and parts of the present-day Ludhiana district.[6] The Nishanwalia Misl was more akin to a brotherhood rather than resembling a large, family clan like most of the other misls of the Sikh Confederacy.[8]
History
[edit]The misl was formed on 29 March 1748.[6] The leaders of this Misl used to carry the blue nishans (the flags) of the Sikh army during the battles; hence their name become Nishanwalia.[9][10][6] The misl which was responsible for bearing the Nishan Sahib was the Nishanwalia Misl, named after this role.[11] The Nishanwalia Misl also was responsible for appointing the flag-bearers for the other misls.[11] The role assigned to carry the flag in procession was considered an honourable one.[11]
Dasaundha Singh, son of Chowdhry Sahib Rai of village Mansurwala (near Kot Issa Khan) was the first chief of this Misl.[12][6] Dasaundha Singh was assisted by his brother, Sangat Singh.[6] Some other prominent figures of the Nishanwalia Misl were Jai Singh of Kairon village, and Kaur Singh and Man Singh of Dhand Kasel village in Amritsar district.[6] These Nishanwalia figures all were earlier baptized into the Khalsa order by Diwan Darbara Singh (d. 1734).[6]
The Nishanwalia Misl had strength of twelve thousand cavalry in 1765.[6] It had captured Ambala, Shahbad-Markanda, Sarai Lashkari Khan, Doraha, Amloh, Zira, Singhanwala and some area around Sahnewal too; Dasaundha Singh died in a battle against Zabita Khan in 1767; he was succeeded by his brother Sangat Singh.[6][13] Sangat Singh shifted his headquarters from Ambala to Zira, where he died in 1774.[13][6] Sangat Singh had three sons, namely Kapur Singh, Mehar Singh, and Anup Singh, all of whom were children when their father died.[6] After reaching adulthood, Mehar Singh took on the mantle of leadership of the misl in 1779 but was killed shortly after.[6] Kapur Singh died in-battle.[6] Thus, the sole-surviving son of Sangat Singh, Anup Singh, became the next head of the misl.[6] Anup Singh died without an issue in 1797.[6] In 1807, Maharaja Ranjit Singh occupied the land of the Nishanwalia Misl.[6]
Daljit Singh Shergill forefathers also belonged to this misl.[citation needed]
Leaders
[edit]The list of rulers of the Nishanwalia Misl are as follows:[14][6]
- Dasaundha Singh (r. 1748–1767)
- Sangat Singh (r. 1767–1774)
- Mohar Singh (r. 1774–1785)
- Gurbakhsh Singh (r. 1785–1786)
- Daya Kaur (r. 1786–1808 & 1809–1823)
References
[edit]- ^ Singh, Harbans (ed.). The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism: A-D. Vol. 1. Punjabi University. p. 538.
- ^ Kaura, Bhupindara (2000). Status of Women in Sikhism. Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee. p. 27.
- ^ Dhavan, Purnima (2011). When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799. Oxford University Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-19-975655-1.
- ^ GUR SHABAD RATNAKAR. Mahan kosh (in Punjabi). Bhai Baljinder Singh.
- ^ Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh (1997). The Sikh Reference Book. The Sikh Educational Trust. p. 555.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh (1997). The Sikh Reference Book. The Sikh Educational Trust. p. 555.
- ^ Singh, Dr. Bhagat (2009). A History of the Sikh Misals. Punjabi University. p. 169.
- ^ Herrli, Hans (2004). "The Sikh Misls". The Coins of the Sikhs (2nd ed.). Munshiram Manoharlal. pp. 11–13. ISBN 9788121511322.
- ^ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ ਵਾਲੀ ਮਿਸਲ - nishān vālī misala - निशान वालीमिसल ਸਿੱਖਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਬਾਰਾਂ ਮਿਸਲਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਇੱਕ ਮਿਸਲ, ਜਿਸ ਦੇ ਜਥੇਦਾਰ ਸਰਦਾਰ ਸੰਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ, ਮੋਹਰ ਸਿੰਘ, ਦਸੋਂਧਾ ਸਿੰਘ, ਭੰਗਾ ਸਿੰਘ ਜਿਲਾ ਫ਼ਿਰੋਜ਼ਪੁਰ ਦੇ ਮਨਸੂਰਵਾਲ ਪਿੰਡ ਦੇ ਸ਼ੇਰਗਿੱਲ ਜੱਟ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਨ. ਜਦ ਕਿਧਰੇ ਖ਼ਾਲਸੇ ਦਾ ਧਰਮ ਯੁੱਧ ਹੁੰਦਾ, ਤਦ ਇਸ ਮਿਸਲ ਦੇ ਸਰਦਾਰ ਝੰਡੇ ਫੜ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਅੱਗੇ ਹੋ ਤੁਰਦੇ. ਇਸ ਲਈ ਇਸ ਮਿਸਲ ਦਾ ਨਾਉਂ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ ਵਾਲੀ ਪੈ ਗਿਆ. ਇਸ ਦੀ ਰਾਜਧਾਨੀ ਅੰਬਾਲਾ ਸੀ. ਹੁਣ ਅੰਬਾਲੇ ਜਿਲੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਾਹਬਾਦੀਏ ਸਰਦਾਰ, ਲੁਧਿਆਨਾ ਜਿਲੇ ਦੇ ਲੱਧੜ ਸਰਦਾਰ, ਫ਼ਿਰੋਜ਼ਪੁਰ ਜਿਲੇ ਮਨਸੂਰਵਾਲੇ ਦੇ ਰਈਸ ਅਤੇ ਇ਼ਲਾਕ਼ੇ ਨਾਭੇ ਦੀ ਸੌਂਟੀ ਵਾਲੇ ਸਰਦਾਰ, ਇਸੇ ਮਿਸਲ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਹਨ
- ^ "Search Gurbani : Gurbani Research Website". www.searchgurbani.com. Retrieved 19 May 2022.
- ^ a b c Kulim, Gurcharan Singh (5 October 2012). "The Sikh Flag ~ Nishan Sahib". SikhNet. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
- ^ Copyright reserved, Nishanwalia misl. "Misls & Maharaja (1799-1860)". thesikhs.org.
- ^ a b "DASAUNDHA SINGH". The Sikh Encyclopedia. 19 December 2000. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
- ^ Singh, Bhagat (1993). "Chapter 12 - The Nishanwalia Misal". A History of the Sikh Misals. Publication Bureau, Patiala Punjabi University.
Further reading
[edit]- Gupta, Hari Ram (2011). "NISHĀNĀṄVĀLĪ MISL". In Singh, Harbans (ed.). The encyclopaedia of Sikhism: Volume III (3rd ed.). Punjabi University. p. 105. ISBN 978-8-17-380349-9. OCLC 888565644.
- Siṅgha, Bhagata (1993). "The Nishanwalia Misal". A History of the Sikh Misals. Punjabi University. pp. 259–267. OCLC 622730722.
 | This Sikhism-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |