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Richardson in the 1962 film, Long Day's Journey into Night

Sir Ralph Richardson (1902–1983) was an English actor who appeared on radio, film, television and stage. Described by The Guardian as "indisputably our most poetic actor",[1] and by the director David Ayliff as "a natural actor ... [who] couldn't stop being a perfect actor",[2] Richardson's career lasted over 50 years. He was—in the words of his biographer, Sheridan Morley—one "of the three great actor knights of the mid-twentieth century", alongside Laurence Olivier and John Gielgud.[3]

After seeing a production of Hamlet starring Sir Frank Benson, Richardson decided to become an actor and made his stage debut, playing a gendarme in The Bishop's Candlesticks in December 1920.[4] After touring and appearing in rep, he made his London debut in July 1926 as the stranger in Oedipus at Colonus.[3][5] In 1930 he joined the Old Vic where he first met Gielgud, staying with the company until the following year. After service during the Second World War with the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, he returned to acting, preferring the works of the more modern authors Luigi Pirandello, Joe Orton, Harold Pinter, George Bernard Shaw and J. B. Priestley to the classic plays of Shakespeare.[3] A radio career ran in parallel to that on the stage, and Richardson was first broadcast in The City in 1929.[6]

Richardson's film career began in 1931 as an uncredited extra in Dreyfus;[7] he did not take film seriously as a medium, but undertook the work for money. His career in film was described by the film historian Brian McFarlane, writing for the British Film Institute, as "prolific and random"; McFarlane considered that in Richardson's performances, "he would remind one that he had few peers and no superiors in his particular line".[8] Richardson won many awards for his performances on stage and screen before his death, including a BAFTA award for The Sound Barrier; an Evening Standard Award for Home, which he shared with John Gielgud; and a special Laurence Olivier Award. His final film, Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes—for which he received further critical plaudits and award nominations—was released after his death.[9][10]

Stage roles

[edit]
Richardson (right), appearing with John Gielgud in the 1963 Broadway production of The School for Scandal
Richardson's stage credits
Production[5][11] Date Role Theatre
(London, unless otherwise noted)
The Bishop's Candlesticks 1920 Gendarme St Nicholas Hall, Brighton
The Farmer's Romance 1921 Cuthbert St Nicholas Hall, Brighton
Macbeth 1921 Macduff and Banquo St Nicholas Hall, Brighton
The Moon Children 1921 Father St Nicholas Hall, Brighton
The Taming of the Shrew 1921 Tranio St Nicholas Hall, Brighton
Twelfth Night 1921 Malvolio St Nicholas Hall, Brighton
Oliver Twist 1921 Mr Bumble and Bill Sikes St Nicholas Hall, Brighton
The Merchant of Venice 1921 Lorenzo Marina Theatre, Lowestoft and touring
Hamlet 1921 Bernardo and Guildenstern touring
The Taming of the Shrew 1921 Pedant touring
Julius Caesar 1921 Soothsayer and Strato touring
As You Like It 1921 Oliver touring
Henry V 1921 Scroop and Gower touring
Macbeth 1921 Angus and Macduff touring
The Tempest 1921 Francisco touring
A Midsummer Night's Dream 1921 Lysander touring
Twelfth Night 1921 Curio and Valentine touring
Macbeth 1922 Banquo touring
A Midsummer Night's Dream 1922 Lysander touring
Hamlet 1922 Horatio touring
Julius Caesar 1922 Decius Brutus and Octavius touring
Twelfth Night 1922 Fabian touring
The Taming of the Shrew 1922 Vincentio touring
The Taming of the Shrew 1922 Lucentio touring
Othello 1923 Cassio touring
The Merchant of Venice 1923 Antonio and Gratiano touring
Julius Caesar 1923 Antony touring
The Rivals 1923 Sir Lucius O'Trigger Abbey Theatre, Dublin
The Romantic Age 1923 Bobby Abbey Theatre, Dublin
Outward Bound 1924 Henry touring
The Way of the World 1924 Fainall touring
The Farmer's Wife 1925 Richard Coaker touring
The Christmas Party 1926 Dick Whittington Birmingham Repertory Theatre
The Cassilis Engagement 1926 Geoffrey Cassilis Birmingham Repertory Theatre
The Round Table 1926 Christopher Pegram Birmingham Repertory Theatre
The Importance of Being Earnest 1926 Lane Birmingham Repertory Theatre
He Who Gets Slapped 1926 Gentleman Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Devonshire Cream 1926 Robert Blanchard Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Hobson's Choice 1926 Albert Prossor Birmingham Repertory Theatre
The Land of Promise 1926 Frank Taylor Birmingham Repertory Theatre
The Barber and the Cow 1926 Dr Bevan Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Dear Brutus 1926 Dearth Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Oedipus at Colonus 1926 The Stranger Scala
Yellow Sands 1926 Arthur Varwell Haymarket
Back to Methuselah 1928 Zazim and Pygmalion Court
Harold 1928 Gurth Court
The Taming of the Shrew 1928 Tranio Court
Prejudice 1928 Hezekiah Brent Arts
Aren't Women Wonderful? 1928 Ben Hawley Court
The Runaways 1928 James Jago Garrick
The New Sin 1928 David Little Theatre, Epsom
Monsieur Beaucaire 1928 Duke of Winterset touring in South Africa
The School for Scandal 1929 Joseph Surface touring in South Africa
David Garrick 1929 Squire Chivy touring in South Africa
Silver Wings 1930 Gilbert Nash Dominion and touring
Othello 1930 Roderigo Savoy
Henry IV, Part 1 1930 Prince Hal The Old Vic
The Jealous Wife 1930 Sir Harry Beagle The Old Vic
The Tempest 1930 Caliban The Old Vic
Richard II 1930 Bolingbroke The Old Vic
Antony and Cleopatra 1930 Enobarbus The Old Vic
Twelfth Night 1931 Sir Toby Belch Sadler's Wells
Arms and the Man 1931 Bluntschli The Old Vic and Sadler's Wells
Much Ado About Nothing 1931 Don Pedro The Old Vic and Sadler's Wells
King Lear 1931 Kent The Old Vic and Sadler's Wells
A Woman Killed with Kindness 1931 Nicholas Festival Theatre, Malvern
She Would If She Could 1931 Courtall Festival Theatre, Malvern
The Switchback 1931 Viscount Pascal Festival Theatre, Malvern
King John 1931 Faulconbridge The Old Vic
The Taming of the Shrew 1931 Petruchio The Old Vic
A Midsummer Night's Dream 1931 Bottom The Old Vic
Henry V 1931 Henry V The Old Vic
The Knight of the Burning Pestle 1931 Ralph The Old Vic
Julius Caesar 1931 Brutus The Old Vic
Abraham Lincoln 1931 General Grant The Old Vic
Othello 1931 Iago The Old Vic
Hamlet 1931 The Ghost and First Gravedigger The Old Vic
Ralph Roister Doister 1932 Matthew Merrygreek Festival Theatre, Malvern
The Alchemist 1932 Face Festival Theatre, Malvern
Oroonoko 1932 Oroonoko Festival Theatre, Malvern
Too True to Be Good 1932 Sergeant Fielding Festival Theatre, Malvern
Too True to Be Good 1932 Sergeant Fielding New
For Services Rendered 1932 Collie Stratton Globe
Head-on Crash 1933 Dirk Barclay Queen's Theatre
Wild Decembers 1933 Arthur Bell Nicholls Apollo
Sheppey 1933 Sheppey Wyndham's
Peter Pan 1933 Mr Darling and Captain Hook Palladium
Marriage is No Joke 1934 John MacGregor Globe
Eden End 1934 Charles Appleby Duchess
Cornelius 1935 Cornelius Duchess
Romeo and Juliet 1935 Mercutio and Chorus Martin Beck Theatre, New York, and on US tour
Promise 1936 Emile Delbar Shaftesbury
Bees on the Boat Deck 1936 Sam Gridley Lyric
The Amazing Dr Clitterhouse 1936 Dr Clitterhouse Haymarket
The Silent Knight 1937 Peter Agardi St James's
A Midsummer Night's Dream 1937 Bottom The Old Vic
Othello 1938 Othello The Old Vic
Johnson Over Jordan 1939 Robert Johnson New
Peer Gynt 1944 Peer New and touring in Germany and France
Arms and the Man 1944 Bluntschli New and touring in Germany and France
Richard III 1944 Richmond New and touring in Germany and France
Uncle Vanya 1944 Uncle Vanya New
Henry IV, Part 1 1945 Sir John Falstaff New and Century, New York
Henry IV, Part 2 1945 Sir John Falstaff New and Century, New York
Oedipus Rex 1945 Tiresias New and Century, New York
The Critic 1945 Lord Burleigh New and Century, New York
An Inspector Calls 1946-47 Inspector Goole New
Cyrano de Bergerac 1946-47 Cyrano New
The Alchemist 1946-47 Face New
Richard II 1946-47 John of Gaunt New
Royal Circle 1948 Marcus Wyndham's
The Heiress 1949 Dr Sloper Haymarket
Home at Seven 1950 David Preston Wyndham's
Three Sisters 1951 Vershinin Aldwych
The Tempest 1952 Prospero Shakespeare Memorial Theatre, Stratford-on-Avon
Macbeth 1952 Macbeth Shakespeare Memorial Theatre, Stratford-on-Avon
Volpone 1952 Volpone Shakespeare Memorial Theatre, Stratford-on-Avon
The White Carnation 1953 John Greenwood Globe
A Day by the Sea 1953 Dr Farley Haymarket
Separate Tables 1955 Mr Martin and Major Pollock Australasian tour
The Sleeping Prince 1955 Grand Duke Australasian tour
Timon of Athens 1956 Timon The Old Vic
The Waltz of the Toreadors 1957 General St Pé Coronet, New York
Flowering Cherry 1957 Cherry Haymarket and UK tour
The Complaisant Lover 1959 Victor Rhodes Globe
The Last Joke 1960 Edward Portal Phoenix
The School for Scandal 1962–63 Sir Peter Teazle Haymarket, Majestic, New York and US tour
Six Characters in Search of an Author 1963 Father May Fair
The Merchant of Venice 1964 Shylock Theatre Royal, Brighton, and tour to South America and Europe
A Midsummer Night's Dream 1964 Bottom Theatre Royal, Brighton, and tour to South America and Europe
Carving a Statue 1964 Father Haymarket
You Never Can Tell 1966 Waiter Haymarket
The Rivals 1966 Sir Anthony Absolute Haymarket
The Merchant of Venice 1967 Shylock Haymarket
What the Butler Saw 1969 Dr Rance Queen's Theatre
Home 1970 Jack Royal Court, Apollo and Morosco, New York
West of Suez 1971 Wyatt Gilman Royal Court and Cambridge
Lloyd George Knew My Father 1972 General Boothroyd Savoy and tour of Australia and North America
John Gabriel Borkman 1975 Borkman The Old Vic
No Man's Land 1975 Hirst The Old Vic, and Longacre, New York
The Kingfisher 1977 Cecil Lyric
The Cherry Orchard 1978 Firs National
Alice's Boys 1978 Colonel White Savoy
The Double Dealer 1978 Lord Touchwood National
The Fruits of Enlightenment 1979 The Master National
The Wild Duck 1979 Old Ekdal National
Early Days 1980 Kitchen National and North American tour
The Understanding 1982 Leonard Strand
Inner Voices 1983 Don Alberto National

Radio plays

[edit]
Richardson's radio plays
Play[6] Year
The City 1929
Scenes from Julius Caesar 1929
Twelfth Night 1929
Captain Brassbound's Conversion 1929
Scenes from King Lear 1930
Romeo and Juliet 1932
Macbeth 1933
The Tempest 1933
Julius Caesar 1933
A Midsummer Night's Dream 1934
Through the Looking-Glass 1935
In Memoriam 1936
The Tempest 1936
Candida 1937
Johnson Over Jordan 1940
Job 1941
The Shoemaker's Holiday 1942
Doctor Faustus 1942
Don Quixote 1943
Peer Gynt 1944
Cyrano de Bergerac 1945
Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2 1945
Victory Programme 1945
Moby-Dick 1946
The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám 1947
Brand 1949
Home at Seven 1951
A Midsummer Night's Dream 1953
The White Carnation 1953
Play 1958
Richard II 1960
Hamlet 1961
Arms and the Man 1961
The Ballad of Reading Gaol 1963
The Merchant of Venice 1963
A Christmas Carol 1964
Cyrano de Bergerac 1966
Heartbreak House 1968
When We Dead Awaken 1969
Much Ado About Nothing 1969
John Gabriel Borkman 1974
The Phoenix and the Turtle 1976
The Passionate Pilgrim 1976
Programme on William Blake 1977
Readings from Andrew Marvell 1978
Notes on a Cellar Book 1980
Little Tich – Giant of the Halls 1982

Film roles

[edit]
Richardson in the 1962 film, Long Day's Journey into Night
Richardson's filmography
Film[7][12] Year Role Ref.
Dreyfus 1931 Uncredited extra [13]
The Ghoul 1933 Nigel Hartley [14]
Friday the Thirteenth 1933 Horace Dawes [15]
The Return of Bulldog Drummond 1934 Hugh Drummond [16]
Java Head 1934 William Ammidon [17]
Thunder in the Air 1934 Family member [18]
The King of Paris 1934 Paul Lebrun [19]
Bulldog Jack 1935 Morelle [20]
Things to Come 1936 The Boss [21]
The Man Who Could Work Miracles 1936 Colonel Winstanley [22]
Thunder in the City 1937 Henry Manningdale [23]
The Divorce of Lady X 1938 Lord Mere [24]
South Riding 1938 Robert Carne [25]
The Citadel 1938 Dr Denny [26]
The Lion Has Wings 1939 Wing Commander [27]
Q Planes 1939 Major Hammond [28]
The Four Feathers 1939 Captain Durrance [29]
On the Night of the Fire 1939 Will Kobling [30]
The Silver Fleet 1943 Jaap van Leyden [31]
School for Secrets 1946 Professor Heatherville [32]
Anna Karenina 1948 Karenin [33]
The Fallen Idol 1948 Baines [34]
The Heiress 1949 Dr. Austin Sloper [35]
Outcast of the Islands 1951 Captain Lingard [36]
Home at Seven 1952 David Preston [37]
The Sound Barrier 1952 John Richfield [38]
The Holly and the Ivy 1952 The Rev Martin Gregory [39]
Richard III 1955 Buckingham [40]
The Passionate Stranger 1956 Professor Wynter and Sir Clement Hathaway [41]
Smiley 1956 Lambeth [42]
Our Man in Havana 1959 C [43]
Oscar Wilde 1960 Sir Edward Carson [44]
Exodus 1960 General Sutherland [45]
Long Day's Journey into Night 1962 James Tyrone [46]
The 300 Spartans 1962 Themistocles [47]
Woman of Straw 1964 Charles Richmond [48]
Chimes at Midnight 1965 Narrator
Doctor Zhivago 1965 Alexander Gromeko [49]
The Wrong Box 1966 Joseph Finsbury [50]
Khartoum 1966 W E Gladstone [51]
Midas Run 1969 Henshaw [52]
Oh! What a Lovely War 1969 Sir Edward Grey [53]
Battle of Britain 1969 Sir David Kelly [54]
The Bed Sitting Room 1969 Lord Fortnum [55]
The Looking Glass War 1969 Leclerc [56]
David Copperfield 1969 Wikins Micawber [57]
Whoever Slew Auntie Roo? 1971 Mr Benton [58]
Eagle in a Cage 1972 Sir Hudson Lowe [59]
Lady Caroline Lamb 1972 George IV [60]
Tales from the Crypt 1972 The Crypt Keeper [61]
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 1972 Caterpillar [62]
A Doll's House 1973 Dr Rank [63]
O Lucky Man! 1973 Monty and Sir James Burgess [64]
Rollerball 1975 Head Librarian [65]
The Man in the Iron Mask 1977 Colbert [66]
Jesus of Nazareth 1977 Simeon [67]
Watership Down 1978 Chief rabbit (voice only) [68]
Dragonslayer 1981 Ulrich [69]
Time Bandits 1981 The Supreme Being [70]
Wagner 1983 Pfordten [71]
Invitation to the Wedding 1983 Uncle Willie [72]
Give My Regards to Broad Street 1984 Jim [73]
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes 1984 Earl of Greystoke [74]

Television

[edit]
Richardson's television appearances
Programme[7][75] Date Channel Role
Bees on the Boatdeck 1939 Sam Gridley
Everyman 1947 Voice of God
Fireside Theater: A Christmas Carol December 1951 NBC (USA) Ebenezer Scrooge
Alexander Korda, Kt. 4 March 1956 BBC Television On-screen Participant
Salute to Show Business 20 September 1957 On-screen Participant
The Stars Rise in the West 14 January 1958 On-screen Participant
British Art and Artists: A Sculptor's Landscape 29 June 1958 BBC Television On-screen Participant
Here and Now: City of London Festival 27 June 1962 ITV On-screen Participant
Here and Now: Lord Mayor 5 July 1962 ITV On-screen Participant
The Largest Theatre in the World: Heart to Heart 6 December 1962 BBC Television Sir Stanley Johnson
Hedda Gabler 28 December 1962 BBC Television Judge Brack
Voices of Man 1963
The Great War 30 May – 22 November 1964 BBC Television Douglas Haig
Thursday Theatre: Johnson Over Jordan 4 February 1965 BBC Television Robert Johnson
The World of Wodehouse 24 February – 13 March 1967 BBC Television Clarence, 9th Earl of Emsworth
Twelfth Night 1968 ITV Sir Toby Belch
The Golden Years of Alexander Korda 27 December 1968 BBC Television On-screen Participant
A Time To Remember: "Edwardian Summer" 30 April 1969 Narrator
A Time To Remember: "The Peace Makers" 2 July 1969 Narrator
The Battle for the Battle of Britain 13 September 1969 ITV on-screen participant
Hassan 1970 Hassan
She Stoops to Conquer 1970
Weekend Play: Twelfth Night 12 July 1970 ITV Sir Toby Belch
Carol Channing's Mad English Tea Party 1971
Play for Today: "Home" 6 January 1972 BBC Television Jack[76]
Frankenstein: The True Story 30 November 1973 NBC (USA) Lacey
The Wednesday Special: Comets Among the Stars 25 February 1976 ITV Professor Macleod
Your National Theatre 21 August 1976 ITV On-screen Participant
This Is Your Life 15 February 1978 ITV Guest[a]
No Man's Land 3 October 1978 ITV Hirst
Tonight in Town 23 March 1979 BBC Television On-screen Participant
Pot Black 6 April 1979 BBC Television Awards presenter
Parkinson 16 April 1979 BBC Television On-screen Participant
Charlie Muffin 11 December 1979 ITV Sir Archibald Willoughby
Chaos Supersedes ENSA 27 August 1980 ITV Cast Member
Frank and Polly Muir's Big Dipper 14 December 1981 ITV On-screen Participant
The Morecambe and Wise Christmas Show 23 December 1981 ITV Cast Member
Early Days 1 August 1982 ITV Cast Member
The South Bank Show: "Laurence Olivier – A Life" 17 October 1982 ITV Cast Member
Witness for the Prosecution 4 December 1982 CBS Sir Wilfred Robarts

Awards and honours

[edit]
Richardson in 1949
Awards and honours presented to Richardson
Film or production Year Award Category Result Ref.
The Fallen Idol 1949 National Board of Review Best Actor Won [78]
The Fallen Idol 1949 New York Film Critics Circle Best Actor Runner-up [79]
The Heiress 1949 National Board of Review Best Actor Won [78]
The Heiress 1949 New York Film Critics Circle Best Actor Runner-up [79]
The Heiress 1949 Academy Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated [80]
The Sound Barrier 1952 British Academy of Film and Television Arts Award Best Actor in a Leading Role Won [9]
The Sound Barrier 1952 National Board of Review Best Actor Won [81]
The Sound Barrier 1952 New York Film Critics Circle Best Actor Won [82]
The Waltz of the Toreadors 1957 Tony Award Best Actor in a Play Nominated [83]
Long Day's Journey into Night 1962 Cannes Film Festival Best Actor[b] Won [84]
Doctor Zhivago 1965 British Academy of Film and Television Arts Award Best Actor in a Leading Role Nominated [9]
Khartoum 1965 British Academy of Film and Television Arts Award Best Actor in a Leading Role Nominated [9]
The Wrong Box 1965 British Academy of Film and Television Arts Award Best Actor in a Leading Role Nominated [9]
Home 1971 Evening Standard Award Outstanding Performance[c] Won [85]
Home 1971 Tony Award Best Actor in a Play Nominated [83]
Lady Caroline Lamb 1972 British Academy of Film and Television Arts Award Best Actor in a Supporting Role Nominated [9]
No Man's Land 1977 Outer Critics Circle Award Outstanding Actor in a Play Won [86]
No Man's Land 1977 Tony Award Best Actor in a Play Nominated [83]
— 1981 Laurence Olivier Award Special Award Won [85]
No Man's Land 1982 Grammy Award Best Spoken Word, Documentary or Drama Recording[d] Nominated [87]
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes 1984 National Society of Film Critics Best Supporting Actor (posthumous) Runner-up [88]
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes 1984 New York Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor (posthumous) Won [89]
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes 1984 Academy Award Best Supporting Actor (posthumous) Nominated [10]
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes 1984 British Academy of Film and Television Arts Award Best Actor in a Supporting Role (posthumous) Nominated [9]

See also

[edit]

Notes and references

[edit]

Notes

  1. ^ The subject of the programme was Michael Croft.[77]
  2. ^ Award shared with Jason Robards and Dean Stockwell[84]
  3. ^ Co-winner with John Gielgud, also for Home
  4. ^ Co-nomination with John Gielgud[87]

References

  1. ^ "Obituary". The Guardian. London. 11 October 1983. p. 11.
  2. ^ 18 December 2006. "Interview with David Ayliff" (PDF). Theatre Archive Project. London: British Library. Retrieved 4 April 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ a b c Morley, Sheridan (2004). "Sir Ralph David Richardson (1902–1983)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/74017. Retrieved 4 April 2014. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  4. ^ Miller 1995, p. 357.
  5. ^ a b Miller 1995, pp. 357–66.
  6. ^ a b Miller 1995, pp. 370–71.
  7. ^ a b c "Filmography: Richardson, Ralph". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
  8. ^ McFarlane, Brian. "Richardson, Ralph (1902–1983)". Screenonline. British Film Institute. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g "BAFTA Awards Search". British Academy of Film and Television Arts. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  10. ^ a b "The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners". Oscar Legacy. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  11. ^ Gaye 1967, pp. 1117–19.
  12. ^ Miller 1995, pp. 367–69.
  13. ^ "Dreyfus (1931)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  14. ^ "The Ghoul (1933)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  15. ^ "Friday the Thirteenth (1933)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  16. ^ "The Return of Bulldog Drummond (1934)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  17. ^ "Java Head (1934)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 28 November 2007. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  18. ^ "Thunder in the Air (1935)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 18 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  19. ^ "The King of Paris (1934)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  20. ^ "Bulldog Jack (1935)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  21. ^ "Things to Come (1936)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 24 July 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  22. ^ "H.G. Wells' The Man Who Could Work Miracles (1936)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  23. ^ "Thunder in the City (1937)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  24. ^ "The Divorce of Lady X (1938)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  25. ^ "South Riding (1938)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  26. ^ "The Citadel (1938)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  27. ^ "The Lion Has Wings (1939)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  28. ^ "Q Planes (1939)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  29. ^ "The Four Feathers (1939)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  30. ^ "On the Night of the Fire (1939)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  31. ^ "The Silver Fleet (1943)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  32. ^ "School for Secrets (1946)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  33. ^ "Anna Karenina (1948)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  34. ^ "The Fallen Idol (1948)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 29 November 2007. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  35. ^ "The Heiress (1949)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  36. ^ "Outcast of the Islands (1952)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 28 November 2007. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  37. ^ "Home at Seven (1952)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  38. ^ "The Sound Barrier (1952)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  39. ^ "The Holly and the Ivy (1953)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  40. ^ "Richard III (1955)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  41. ^ "The Passionate Stranger (1956)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  42. ^ "Smiley (1956)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  43. ^ "Our Man in Havana (1959)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 28 November 2007. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  44. ^ "Oscar Wilde (1960)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  45. ^ "Exodus (1960)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  46. ^ "Long Day's Journey into Night (1962)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  47. ^ "The 300 Spartans (1961)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  48. ^ "Woman of Straw (1964)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  49. ^ "Doctor Zhivago (1965)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 2 December 2007. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  50. ^ "The Wrong Box (1966)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  51. ^ "Khartoum (1966)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  52. ^ "Midas Run (1968)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  53. ^ "Oh! What a Lovely War (1969)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  54. ^ "Battle of Britain (1969)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 28 June 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  55. ^ "The Bed-Sitting Room (1969)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  56. ^ "The Looking Glass War (1970)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  57. ^ "David Copperfield (1970)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  58. ^ "Whoever Slew Auntie Roo (1971)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  59. ^ "Eagle in a Cage (1970)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  60. ^ "Lady Caroline Lamb (1972)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  61. ^ "Tales from the Crypt (1972)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  62. ^ "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1972)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  63. ^ "A Doll's House (1973)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  64. ^ "O Lucky Man! (1973)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  65. ^ "Rollerball (1975)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  66. ^ "The Man in the Iron Mask (1977)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 20 November 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  67. ^ "Jesus of Nazareth (1977)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  68. ^ "Watership Down (1978)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  69. ^ "Dragonslayer (1981)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  70. ^ "Time Bandits (1981)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  71. ^ "Wagner (1983)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  72. ^ "Invitation to the Wedding (1983)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  73. ^ "Give My Regards to Broad Street (1984)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  74. ^ "Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes (1984)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  75. ^ Miller 1995, pp. 369–70.
  76. ^ "Broadcasting". The Times. London. 6 January 1972. p. 19.
  77. ^ "This is your Life: Michael Croft (1978)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  78. ^ a b "1949 Award Winners". National Board of Review. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  79. ^ a b "New on DVD; This week's platinum picks". USA Today. Tysons Corner, VA. 10 November 2006. p. 8.
  80. ^ "The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners". Oscar Legacy. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  81. ^ "1952 Award Winners". National Board of Review. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  82. ^ "1952 Awards". New York Film Critics Circle Awards. New York Film Critics Circle. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  83. ^ a b c "Ralph Richardson". Tony Award Productions. Archived from the original on 24 January 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  84. ^ a b Cozad 2006, p. 354.
  85. ^ a b Who Was Who 2012.
  86. ^ "Outer Critics Circle awards". The New York Times. New York. 30 May 1977. p. 20.
  87. ^ a b "Domestic News". United Press International. 11 January 1983.
  88. ^ O'Neil 2003, p. 480.
  89. ^ "1984 Awards". New York Film Critics Circle Awards. New York Film Critics Circle. Retrieved 3 April 2014.

Sources

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