Timeline of Cienfuegos

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cienfuegos, Cuba.

Prior to 20th century

1494 - Christopher Columbus visited Cienfuegos Bay.
1745 - Castillo de Jagua (fort) built.^[1]
1819
- April 22: Fernandina de Jagua founded by Luis de Clouet in Spanish colonial Captaincy General of Cuba.^[1]^[2]
- December: Population: 231.^[2]
1825 - Town "destroyed by a hurricane and rebuilt". ^[1]
1829 - Town renamed "Villa de Cienfuegos."^[2]
1831 - Town coat of arms designed.^[2]
1833 - Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Cathedral first completed.
1844 - Governor's house built.^[1]
1880 - Cienfuegos becomes a city.^[2]
1890 - Tomás Terry Theatre opens.^[3]
1892 - Population: 27,430.^[4]
1898
- La Correspondencia newspaper begins publication.^[5]
- Two vessels of the United States fleet under Admiral Schley blockaded the port. ^[1]
1899 - Population: 30,038 city; 59,128 district; 356,536 province.^[6]

20th century

1901 - Jardín Botánico de Cienfuegos founded.
1903
- Roman Catholic Diocese of Cienfuegos established.^[7]
- Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Cathedral became a cathedral.
1907 - Population: 30,100 city; 70,416 municipality.^[1] ^[8]
1911 - Teatro Luisa opens.^[3]
1913 - Tivoli Gardens (theatre) opens.^[3]
1917 - Palacio de Valle (an historic villa) completed.
1919 - Population: 95,865.^[9]
1933 - Carlos Rafael Rodríguez becomes mayor.^[10]
1935 - Biblioteca Municipal (library) established.^[11]
1939 - Orquesta Aragón dance band formed.^[12]
1957
- Political unrest.^[2]^[13]
- Naval mutiny at Cienfuegos
1959 - Armed conflict between government and counterrevolutionaries begins.^[2]
1965 - Armed conflict between government and counterrevolutionaries ends.^[2]
1966 - Population: 89,000.^[14]
1976
- November 2: Municipal election held, the first since 1959.^[15]
- Cienfuegos Province established (previously part of Las Villas Province).^[15]
- Archivo Histórico Provincial de Cienfuegos (archives) established.^[16]
1980 - Carlos Marx cement plant begins operating.^[17]
1983 - Juragua Nuclear Power Plant construction begins.
1984 - Population: 107,850 (estimate).^[18]
1999 - Population: 137,513 city; 395,100 province.^[19]

21st century

2005
- July: Hurricane Dennis occurs.
- Historic Centre of Cienfuegos designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2014 - Population: 149,129.^[20]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Britannica 1910.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h García Martínez 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Movie Theaters in Cienfuegos, Cuba". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles, USA: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
^ "Spain: Colonies: Cuba and Porto Rico". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1895. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368325.
^ "Cuba: Cienfuegos", American Newspaper Annual, Philadelphia: N.W. Ayer & Son, 1902
^ War Department (1900). Census of Cuba, 1899. Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Cuba". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
^ Victor H. Olmsted; Henry Gannett, eds. (1909). Cuba: Population, History and Resources 1907. Washington DC: United States Bureau of the Census.
^ "Cuba". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
^ Ronald Hilton (1951). Cuba, Dominican Republic and Haiti. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-0757-2. OCLC 27702105. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^ Miguel Viciedo Valdés (2005), "Breve reseña sobre la biblioteca pública en Cuba antes de 1959", Acimed (in Spanish), vol. 14, no. 1, Havana: Centro Nacional de Informacion de Ciencias Medicas, ISSN 1024-9435
^ Rebecca M. Bodenheimer (2015). Geographies of Cubanidad: Place, Race, and Musical Performance in Contemporary Cuba. USA: University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-62674-684-8.
^ García Martínez 2007.
^ Alfonso González (1971). "Population of Cuba". Caribbean Studies. 11 (2). University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus: 74–84. JSTOR 25612382.
^ ^a ^b Leslie Bethell, ed. (1990). Latin America Since 1930: Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. Vol. 7. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-24518-0. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^ García Martínez 2003.
^ Irving Louis Horowitz, ed. (1995). Cuban Communism 1959-1995 (8th ed.). Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-2089-9.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ South America, Central America and the Caribbean 2002. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 978-1-85743-121-6.
^ "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2014. United Nations Statistics Division.

Bibliography

in English

"Cienfuegos" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 364.
Cederlöf, Gustav (2019). "The Revolutionary City: Socialist Urbanisation and Nuclear Modernity in Cienfuegos, Cuba" (PDF). Journal of Latin American Studies. 52: 53–76. doi:10.1017/S0022216X19000920.
Orlando F. García Martínez (2012), "Cienfuegos", in Alan West-Durán (ed.), Cuba, Charles Scribner's Sons, ISBN 978-0684316819

in Spanish

Enrique Edo (1861). Memoria histórica de la villa de Cienfuegos y su jurisdicción (in Spanish). Cienfuegos: Imp. de "El Telégrafo" – via Biblioteca Digital Hispánica [es].
"Cienfuegos". Diccionario enciclopédico hispano-americano de literatura, ciencias y artes (in Spanish). Vol. 5. Barcelona: Montaner y Simon. 1890. hdl:2027/mdp.35112203983400 – via HathiTrust.
"Santa Clara: Cienfuegos". Anuario del comercio, de la industria, de la magistratura y de la administracion de España, sus colonias, Cuba, Puerto-Rico y Filipinas, estados hispano-americanos y Portugal [Yearbook of Commerce, Industry, Judiciary and Administration of Spain, its Colonies Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines, Spanish American States and Portugal] (in Spanish). Madrid: Bailly-Bailliere e Hijos. 1908.
Orlando F. García Martínez (1976). "Estudio de la economía cienfueguera desde la fundación de la Colonia Fernandina de Jagua hasta mediados del siglo XIX" [Study of Cienfuegos economy since the founding of the colony Fernandina de Jagua until the mid-nineteenth century]. Islas (in Spanish) (55–56). Santa Clara: Universidad Central de Las Villas: 117–170. ISSN 0047-1542.
García Martínez, Orlando (2003). "Cienfuegos". In Louis A. Pérez; Rebecca Jarvis Scott (eds.). The Archives of Cuba: Los Archivos de Cuba (in Spanish). University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 94–104. ISBN 0822941953. (fulltext)
Orlando F. García Martínez (2007). "El alzamiento popular del 5 de septiembre de 1957 en Cienfuegos". Ariel: La revista cultural de Cienfuegos (in Spanish) (10). Dirección Provincial de Cultura de Cienfuegos. ISSN 1560-9375.

External links

Items related to Cienfuegos, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
"(Cienfuegos)". Cuban Heritage Collection. USA: University of Miami Libraries.
"(Cienfuegos)" – via Digital Library of the Caribbean.
Items related to Cienfuegos, various dates (via Europeana)

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Britannica 1910.

[FOOTNOTEGarcía_Martínez2012-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h García Martínez 2012.

[cinema-3] "Movie Theaters in Cienfuegos, Cuba". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles, USA: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved September 27, 2016.

[4] "Spain: Colonies: Cuba and Porto Rico". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1895. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368325.

[Ayer1902-5] "Cuba: Cienfuegos", American Newspaper Annual, Philadelphia: N.W. Ayer & Son, 1902

[6] War Department (1900). Census of Cuba, 1899. Washington DC: Government Printing Office.

[katolsk-7] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Cuba". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved September 27, 2016.

[8] Victor H. Olmsted; Henry Gannett, eds. (1909). Cuba: Population, History and Resources 1907. Washington DC: United States Bureau of the Census.

[9] "Cuba". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.

[Hilton1951-10] Ronald Hilton (1951). Cuba, Dominican Republic and Haiti. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-0757-2. OCLC 27702105. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

[Valdes2005-11] Miguel Viciedo Valdés (2005), "Breve reseña sobre la biblioteca pública en Cuba antes de 1959", Acimed (in Spanish), vol. 14, no. 1, Havana: Centro Nacional de Informacion de Ciencias Medicas, ISSN 1024-9435

[Bodenheimer2015-12] Rebecca M. Bodenheimer (2015). Geographies of Cubanidad: Place, Race, and Musical Performance in Contemporary Cuba. USA: University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-62674-684-8.

[FOOTNOTEGarcía_Martínez2007-13] García Martínez 2007.

[14] Alfonso González (1971). "Population of Cuba". Caribbean Studies. 11 (2). University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus: 74–84. JSTOR 25612382.

[Bethell-1990-15] Leslie Bethell, ed. (1990). Latin America Since 1930: Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. Vol. 7. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-24518-0. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

[FOOTNOTEGarcía_Martínez2003-16] García Martínez 2003.

[Horowitz1995-17] Irving Louis Horowitz, ed. (1995). Cuban Communism 1959-1995 (8th ed.). Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-2089-9.

[18] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[Europa2002-19] South America, Central America and the Caribbean 2002. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 978-1-85743-121-6.

[20] "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2014. United Nations Statistics Division.

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v t e Years in Cuba (1741–present)
18th century	1741‎ ... 1748‎ ... 1760‎ 1761‎ 1762‎ 1763‎ ... 1793‎
19th century	1815 ... 1822 ... 1835 ... 1840 ... 1846 ... 1853 1854 ... 1862 ... 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

Prior to 20th century

20th century

21st century

See also

References

Bibliography

External links