Topo Chico prison riot

2016 Topo Chico prison riot
2016 Topo Chico prison riot
Part of the Mexican Drug War
Date	February 10–11, 2016; 11:30 p.m.–1:30 a.m.
Location	Topo Chico (prison), Nuevo León State, Northern Mexico
Caused by	Gang rivalry, overcrowded prison, gang rule
Methods	Melee; stabbing, beating, shooting
Parties
Lead figures
	Juan Pedro Saldivar-Farías ("El Z-27") Jorge Iván Hernández Cantú ("El Credo") Jaime Rodríguez Calderón
Number
Casualties
Death(s)	52+
Injuries	12
Arrested	3
	All fatalities were inmates

On 10 February 2016, a prison riot broke out at the Topo Chico prison near Monterrey, in northern Mexico.^[5] 49 inmates were killed during the riot and ensuing fire. The riot was the most deadly in Mexican penal history, surpassing the death toll of the 2012 Apodaca prison riot.^[6] After the rioting, authorities uncovered 'luxury cells' prison leaders had. Among the items confiscated included televisions, mini-fridges, aquariums, and saunas.

Background

The Topo Chico prison houses 3,800 inmates, over 35% of capacity^{[citation needed]} overseen by 100 guards.^[7] According to Mexican media, the prison was controversially known for being overcrowded and ungovernable.^[1]

Prison riot

The riot started at 11:30 p.m, the cause was an internal dispute between members of the Los Zetas drug cartel. A rival faction of the gang was led by Juan Pedro Saldivar-Farías (known as "El Z-27"), against a faction led by Jorge Iván Hernández Cantú (alias "El Credo"). Hernández was at first reported by Mexican media to have ties to the Gulf Cartel, a fierce rival to the Zetas, but it was later confirmed that the fight broke out between members of the same criminal organization. The fighting was allegedly triggered by a warring dispute between Saldivar over control of the prison from Hernández.^[8]^[9]

The rioting began when Saldivar mobilized a group of prisoners to attack rival leader Hernández, but they failed to reach his cell.^[10] The rioting took place in two separate units of the prison complex, and inmates used a combination of weapons such as wooden bats, sticks, razor blades, bottles, and chairs during the melee.^[4] Fire was set to a food storage and the blaze spread to a section housing prison cells.^[7]

The fighting continued until 1:30 a.m., when the Mexican Army along with federal and local police subdued the rioting.^[11]^[1]

According to Nuevo Leon state Governor Jaime Rodríguez Calderón, the riot was not an attempt at escape but a fight between the two rival groups. No prisoners had escaped during the riot.^[12]

Fatalities

Forty of the victims have been identified, while five were unrecognizable, charred by the fire.^[7] All of the fatalities were inmates and 40 of them were killed from strikes and blows delivered by hammers, cudgels, and knives. In all, 60 hammers, 86 knives and 120 shivs were used.^[4]

The sole fatality of a gunshot wound was an inmate who was killed by a guard protecting a group of women.^[1] The guard, Jose Reyes Hernandez, was later charged with murder.^[13]

Arrests

A state prosecutor charged prison director Gregoria Salazar Robles and superintendent Jesus Fernando Dominguez Jaramillo for not maintaining the necessary security measures inside the prison. Investigators determined inmates had bats and metal bars that were used in the riot. Some cells did not have locks and inmates were out and about at times they should not have been.^[13]

Aftermath

After the riot, authorities seized various kinds of contraband items, such as half a kilogram of marijuana, cocaine and other drugs, televisions, and USB memory sticks.^[14]^[10] Also dismantled were 'luxury cells'. Zetas leader Jorge Iván Hernández Cantú had his cell equipped with a king-size bed, a luxury bath and a huge television, other inmates had air conditioners, mini-fridges, aquariums and portable saunas. Police also dismantled 280 inmate-run food stalls, a bar and hundreds of altars to Santa Muerte, a death-like figure revered by many members of Mexico's drug cartels.^[15]

Reactions

Nuevo Leon Governor Jaime Rodríguez Calderón blamed the rioting on "the old, outdated, obsolete system" under which Mexican prisons are run.^[4] During a visit to Mexico, Pope Francis sent a message of condolences to the archbishop of Monterrey and the families of those killed.^[16] Mexican president Enrique Peña Nieto said his administration will "continue to work in coordination with the state authorities" to secure the safety of the nation's often overcrowded and gang-controlled penitentiaries.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Mexican prison riot: 49 dead at Topo Chico - CNN.com". CNN. 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
^ Dudley Althaus, José de Córdoba (10 February 2016). "Mexico Prison Riot Leaves 52 Dead, 12 Injured". The Wall Street Journal.
^ "Mexico prison riot leaves 52 dead near Monterrey". BBC News. 10 February 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d News, ABC. "Hammers and Shivs Used in Mexico Prison Riot That Killed 49". ABC News. Retrieved 2016-02-12. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
^ Agren, David (2016-02-11). "Mexico prison riot: at least 52 people killed and 12 injured in Monterrey". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2016-02-11.
^ "At least 49 inmates die in a prison riot in Mexico". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
^ ^a ^b ^c Malkin, Elisabeth (2016-02-11). "At Least 49 Inmates Killed in Mexican Prison Riot". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
^ "Relatives sob as 49 dead in Mexico prison battle". Yahoo News. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
^ "Inmate behind prison riot was 'not dangerous'". Mexico News Daily. Retrieved 2016-02-13.
^ ^a ^b "Authorities don't know who 4 prison riot victims are". Mexico News Daily. Retrieved 2016-02-13.
^ Campoy, Ana (11 February 2016). "A riot at a Mexican prison left 52 inmates dead and more than a dozen injured". Quartz. Retrieved 2016-02-11.
^ "Drug cartel battle kills 52 in northeastern Mexican prison". Reuters. 2016-02-11. Retrieved 2016-02-11.
^ ^a ^b Ibarra | AP, Porfirio (2016-02-12). "Mexico warden, 2 other prison officers charged over riot". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on 2016-02-14. Retrieved 2016-02-13.
^ "Hammers and shivs used in Mexico prison riot that killed 49". www.kvoa.com. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
^ "Mexico dismantles 'luxury cells' in Topo Chico riot jail - BBC News". BBC News. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 2016-02-21.
^ "The Latest: Pope sends Mexico condolences over prison riot". The Washington Post. Associated Press. 2016-02-12. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on 2016-02-12. Retrieved 2016-02-13.

v t e Prison riots and uprisings
19th century	1804 Castle Hill convict rebellion 1830 Bathurst Rebellion 1846 Cooking Pot Uprising
20th century	1944 Cowra breakout 1946 Battle of Alcatraz 1953 Norilsk uprising 1953 Vorkuta uprising 1954 Kengir uprising 1963 Pulau Senang prison riots 1971 Attica Prison riot 1974 Huntsville Prison siege 1980 New Mexico State Penitentiary riot 1985 Badaber Uprising 1986 Peruvian prison massacres 1987 Atlanta prison riots 1988 Fremantle Prison riot 1989 Polish prison riots 1990 Leopoldov prison uprising 1990 Strangeways Prison riot 1992 Carandiru massacre 1997 Khujand prison riot 2000 F-type prisons strike and riots
21st century	2001 Battle of Qala-i-Jangi 2009 Mexico prison riot 2012 Altamira prison brawl 2012 Apodaca prison riot 2012 Yare prison riot 2012 Welikada prison riot 2013 Uribana prison riot 2013 Palmasola prison riot 2015 Kaohsiung Prison riot 2016 Topo Chico prison riot 2016 Agricultural Penitentiary of Monte Cristo riot 2017 Kidapawan jail siege 2017 Brazil prison riots 2017 Makala jailbreak 2018 Valencia fire 2019 Acarigua prison riot 2019 Amazonas prison riots 2019 Altamira prison riot 2019 Cameroon prison riots 2020 Guanare prison riot 2020 Mahara prison riot 2021 February Ecuadorian prison riots 2021 September Guayaquil prison riot 2021 November Guayaquil prison riot 2021 Tula prison break 2022 Battle of al-Hasakah 2022 Tuluá prison riot 2023 Támara prison riot 2024 Makala jailbreak attempt