Treaty of Zboriv
| Зборівський договір (Ukrainian) Ugoda zborowska (Polish) | |
|---|---|
 Map of the borders of the Cossack Hetmanate according to the treaty | |
| Type | Peace treaty |
| Signed | August 18, 1649 |
| Location | Zboriv |
| Negotiators | |
The Treaty of Zboriv was signed on August 18, 1649,[1] after the Battle of Zboriv when the Crown forces of about 35,000, led by King John II Casimir of Poland, clashed against a combined force of Cossacks and Crimean Tatars, led by Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky and Khan İslâm III Giray of Crimea respectively, which numbered about 50,000.
The Treaty of Zboriv consisted of two separate agreements between Ukraine and the Commonwealth and between Crimea and the Commonwealth.[2]
The Treaty of Zboriv plays an important role in history of Ukraine as it turned the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth former mutineers into citizens of a new political community.[3][4]
Signing parties
[edit]- Ukrainian side representatives: Bohdan Khmelnytskyi, Ivan Vyhovsky
- Polish side representatives: Adam Kysil, Jerzy Ossoliński, Janusz Radziwiłł, Władysław Dominik Zasławski
Points of Agreement
[edit]According to the concluded agreement[5]:
- All freedoms of Zaporozhian Cossacks are retained
- The number of Registered Cossacks will be 40,000 and the preparation of the Register will be delegated to the Hetman of Zaporozhian Cossacks.
- The following cities will be allowed to accept Cossacks to the Register: on this side of Dnieper: from Korostyshiv, Pavoloch, Pohrebyshche, Pryluky, Vinnytsia, Bratslav, Yampil to Dniester and on the other side of Dnieper: in Oster, Chernihiv, Nizhyn up to Muscovy border and also everywhere between Dnieper and Dniester.
- Everyone who want to be the Cossack may choose so, retaining all his property.
- The Register must be completed latest on the day of Intercession of the Theotokos.
- Chyhyryn will be the Host City of Zaporozhian Cossacks forever and now is given to Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
- Whatever has happened during the present confusion, by God's permission, all this is to be forgotten and no master is to take vengeance and punishment.
- All nobles, both Orthodox and Catholic, who joined Cossacks, it will be forgiven. All infamies will be cancelled.
- The Crown Forces are not allowed to be based in Cossack towns.
- Jews are not allowed to be citizens of Cossack towns.
- In the Kyiv Voivodeship, Bratslav Voivodeship and Chernihiv Voivodeship all offices can be held by Orthodox.
- In the city of Kiev, because there are privileged Russian schools, the Jesuit fathers are not to be founded there and in other Ukrainian cities, but to be transferred somewhere else. And all other schools, which were there in ancient times, are to be preserved.
To summarize the Polish army, Uniates, and Jews were banned from the territory of the Kyiv Voivodeship, Bratslav Voivodeship, and Chernihiv Voivodeship; governmental offices in the Cossack Hetmanate could be held only by Eastern Orthodox nobility (either Polish or Ukrainian administration of Eastern Orthodox religion), the Orthodox Church was granted privileges[6] and the Crimean Khanate was to be paid a large sum of money.[7]
The treaty was ratified by the Diet, which was in session between November 1649 and January 1650, but hostilities resumed when Catholic bishops refused to recognise the provisions of the treaty (admission to the Senate of the Orthodox metropolitan of Kyiv, Sylvestr Kosiv).[8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ August 18, 1649 the Zboriv Peace was signed, which marked the founded of the ukrainian state - Hetmanate.[usurped]
- ^ 1649 treaty of Zboriv between Crimea and the Commonwealth (ЗБОРІВСЬКИЙ ДОГОВІР МІЖ КРИМСЬКИМ ХАНАТОМ ТА РІЧЧЮ ПОСПОЛИТОЮ 1649). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine (resource.history.org.ua).
- ^ ЗБОРІВСЬКА БИТВА ЗАПОЧАТКУВАЛА ГЕТЬМАНЩИНУ. www.tourclub.com.ua.
- ^ Сьогодні - річниця підписання Зборівського миру, який поклав початок Українській державі. Ukrinform. 18 August 2019
- ^ "Ugoda zborowska - Wikiźródła, wolna biblioteka". pl.wikisource.org (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-02-22.
- ^ Government portal :: Cossack era
- ^ Władysław Konopczyński (1936). Dzieje Polski nowożytnej. Tom 2, Wyd. 2, Instytut Wydawniczy PAX, Warszawa 1986. ISBN 83-211-0730-3
- ^ КАМУНІКАТ, БЕЛАРУСКАЯ ІНТЭРНЭТ— БІБЛІЯТЭКА, Metropolita Kijowski[usurped]
External links
[edit]- Arkadii Zhukovsky. Zboriv, Treaty of. Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 5 (1993).
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