Uab Meto language
| Uab Meto | |
|---|---|
| Uab Metô | |
| Native to | Indonesia, East Timor |
| Region | West Timor, Oecusse |
Native speakers | 800,000 (2009–2011)[1] |
| Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:aoz – Uab Metobkx – Baikeno |
| Glottolog | uabm1237 |
| ELP | Uab Meto |
| Baikeno[2] | |
 Map of the Meto language cluster according to Edwards (2020) | |
Uab Meto or Dawan is an Austronesian language cluster spoken by the Atoni people of the Indonesian region of West Timor, as well as the East Timorese municipality of Oecussi-Ambeno.
In East Timor and other Portuguese-speaking countries the language is often called Baikenu (Portuguese: baiqueno), but more narrowly this term refers only to the variety spoken in East Timor, which is more influenced by Portuguese rather than Indonesian (for example, using obrigadu for 'thank you', instead of the Indonesian terima kasih).[3] In other languages it may also be erroneously referred to as West Timorese (with Tetum being "East Timorese") or even just Timorese, but these terms are misleading, as they ignore the linguistic diversity on both sides of the island.
Phonology
[edit]Dawan has the following consonants and vowels:[4]
| Labial | Alveolar | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ |
| voiced | b | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | |||
| Fricative | f | s | h | ||
| Lateral | l | ||||
Voiceless plosives [p t k] can have unreleased allophones [p̚ t̚ k̚] in word-final position. A phonemic /r/ can be heard in place of /l/ among dialects.[5]
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i | u |
| Mid | e | o |
| ɛ | ɔ | |
| Low | a | |
Vocabulary
[edit]A wordlist of 200 basic vocabulary items is available at the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database,[6] with data provided by Robert Blust and from Edwards (2016).[7]
| Uab Meto | English |
|---|---|
| Pah (polite), Tua (polite), Hao (normal), He’ (informal), Ya (normal) | Yes |
| Kaha’, Kahfa’ | No |
| Nek seun banit (in West Timor) | Thank you |
| Obrigadu (in East Timor) | Thank you |
| Nek seunbanit namfau/´naek’, Terimakasih ‘nanaek (in West Timor) | Thank you very much |
| Obrigadu namfau’ (in East Timor) | Thank you very much |
| Sama-sama, leko, naleok | You are welcome |
| Neu’ | Please |
| Maaf, permisi, parmis | Excuse me |
| Halo, Tabe | Hello |
| Tkoenok tem pa´ | Welcome, please come in |
| Tkoenok pa´ (to say good bye to one who leaves) | Good bye |
| Selamat tinggal (said to one staying) | Good bye |
| Selamat Jalan (said to one leaving) | Good bye |
Numbers
[edit]| Uab Meto | English |
|---|---|
| Nol, Luman | Zero |
| Mese' | One |
| Nua | Two |
| Teun | Three |
| Haa | Four |
| Niim | Five |
| Nee | Six |
| Hiut | Seven |
| Faun, Faon | Eight |
| Sio | Nine |
| Bo'-, Bo'es | Ten |
| Bo'es-am-mese' | Eleven |
| Bo'es-am-nua | Twelve |
| Bo'es-am-teun | Thirteen |
| Bo'es-am-haa | Fourteen |
| Bo'es-am-niim | Fifteen |
| Bo'es-am-nee | Sixteen |
| Bo'es-am-hiut | Seventeen |
| Bo'es-am-faun | Eighteen |
| Bo'es-am-sio | Nineteen |
| Bo'nua | Twenty |
| Bo'nua-m-mese' | Twenty-one |
| Bo'teun | Thirty |
| Bo'haa | Forty |
| Bo'niim | Fifty |
| Bo'nee | Sixty |
| Bo'hiut | Seventy |
| Bo'faun | Eighty |
| Bo'sio | Ninety |
| Natun mese', Nautnes | One hundred |
| Nifun mese', Niufnes | One thousand |
| Juta mese', Juta es, Juutes | One million |
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Uab Meto at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Baikeno at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Baikeno.
- ^ "Dawan (Uab Meto)". omniglot.com.
- ^ Tarno et al. (1992)
- ^ Edwards (2016), pp. 71–72
- ^ "Uab Meto Wordlist". Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database.
- ^ Edwards (2016), pp. 79–85
Further reading
[edit]- Edwards, Owen (2016). "Parallel Sound Correspondences in Uab Meto". Oceanic Linguistics. 55 (1): 52–86. doi:10.1353/ol.2016.0008. hdl:1885/108661 – via Australian National University.
- Middelkoop, P. (1950). "Proeve van een Timorese Grammatica" [A Trial Timorese Grammar]. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde (in Dutch). 106 (3): 375–517. doi:10.1163/22134379-90002474.
- Tarno; Wakidi; S.J. Mboeik; P. Sawardo; S. Kusharyanto (1992). Tata Bahasa Dawan [Dawan Grammar] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Pusal Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. ISBN 979-459-206-4 – via Repositori Institusi Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
External links
[edit]
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