Portal:Turkey

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Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turks, while ethnic Kurds are the largest ethnic minority. Officially a secular state, Turkey has a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya.

First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Turkey was home to various ancient peoples. The Hattians were assimilated by the Hittites and other Anatolian peoples. Classical Anatolia transitioned into cultural Hellenization after Alexander the Great's conquests, and later Romanization during the Roman and Byzantine eras. The Seljuk Turks began migrating into Anatolia in the 11th century, starting the Turkification process. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243, when it disintegrated into Turkish principalities. Beginning in 1299, the Ottomans united the principalities and expanded. Mehmed II conquered Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) in 1453. During the reigns of Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire became a global power.

From 1789 onwards, the empire saw major changes, reforms, centralization, and rising nationalism while its territory declined. The Ottoman entry into World War I was followed by defeat and partitioning. The end of the Ottoman Empire was accompanied by mass displacement and large-scale loss of human life. The Turkish War of Independence resulted in the abolition of the sultanate and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne. Turkey emerged as a more homogenous nation state. The Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923, modelled on the reforms initiated by the country's first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Turkey remained neutral during most of World War II, but was involved in the Korean War. Several military interventions interfered with the transition to a multi-party system.

Turkey is an upper-middle-income and emerging country; its economy is the world's 17th-largest by nominal and 12th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP. It is a unitary presidential republic. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD, G20, and Organization of Turkic States. With a geopolitically significant location, Turkey is an emerging power and an early member of NATO. An EU candidate, Turkey is part of the EU Customs Union, CoE, OIC, and TURKSOY.

Turkey has coastal plains, a high central plateau, and various mountain ranges; its climate is temperate with harsher conditions in the interior. Home to three biodiversity hotspots, Turkey is prone to frequent earthquakes and is highly vulnerable to climate change. Turkey has a universal healthcare system, growing access to education, and increasing levels of innovativeness. It is a leading TV content exporter. With numerous UNESCO World Heritage sites and intangible cultural heritage inscriptions, and a rich and diverse cuisine, Turkey is the fifth most visited country in the world. (Full article...)

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An outlook from a trail

Dilek Peninsula-Büyük Menderes Delta National Park (Turkish: Dilek Yarımadası-Büyük Menderes Deltası Millî Parkı), established on May 19, 1966, is a national park in western Turkey. It contains within its borders the entirety of the Dilek Peninsula as well as the large delta of the Büyük Menderes River. The park is located in the Kuşadası district of Aydın Province — part of Turkey's Aegean Region. Directly west of the national park is the small coastal town of Güzelçamlı, where several shuttle buses and ferries operate to and from the district's center of Kuşadası, approximately 30 km (19 mi) from the park.

The park is among the most biologically diverse of Turkey's national parks. It is the native and migratory habitat of hundreds of species of birds, mammals, plants, and marine life, some of which are entirely endemic to the park and cannot be observed anywhere else in the world. For these reasons, it is protected by numerous wildlife and wetland conventions, and is of great national and international importance in these areas. (Full article...)

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General images

The following are images from various Turkey-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca was one of the most prolific Turkish poets of the Turkish Republic with more than 60 collections of his poems published, laureate of the Struga Poetry Evenings Golden Wreath Award. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 2A view of Levent from Kanlıca across the Bosporus (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 3Mount Nemrut, Adıyaman (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 4Turkish delight (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 5The sultan of the golden age, Suleiman the Magnificent. (from History of Turkey)
Image 6Karagöz and Hacivat are the lead characters of the traditional Turkish shadow play, popularized during the Ottoman period. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 7Anıtkabir designed by Emin Halid Onat and Ahmet Orhan Arda (1944–53) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 8Map of the Lydian Kingdom in its final period of sovereignty under Croesus, c. 547 BC. (from History of Turkey)
Image 9Thrace and the Thracian Odrysian kingdom in its maximum extent under Sitalces (431-424 BC) (from History of Turkey)
Image 10Designed by Şekip Akalın, Ankara Central Station (1937) is a notable art deco design of its era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 11Sami Frashëri (1850–1904) and his wife Emine, May 1884. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 12Night view of the Taksim Mosque (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 13Mount Erciyes near Kayseri (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 14Tevfik Fikret (1867–1915) was a prominent Turkish poet of the late Ottoman era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 15Istanbul (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 16Istanbul Sapphire (2006–11) is the tallest building in Turkey and 4th in Europe. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 17Lake Van (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 18Turkish coffee (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 19View from Levent district in Istanbul. Istanbul's skyline has changed especially since the early 2000s. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 20The Nation's Library of the Presidency, Ankara (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 21Map of earthquakes in Turkey 1900–2023 (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 22Map showing events of the first phases of the Greco-Persian Wars (from History of Turkey)
Image 23The empire in 555 under Justinian the Great, at its greatest extent since the fall of the Western Roman Empire (its vassals in pink) (from History of Turkey)
Image 24The Bath-Gymnasium complex at Sardis in Turkey. (from History of Turkey)
Image 25Atatürk on the cover of the Time magazine, Vol. I No. 4, March 24, 1923. Title: "Mustapha Kemal Pasha" (from History of Turkey)
Image 26Recaizade Mahmud Ekrem (1847–1914) was another prominent Turkish poet of the late Ottoman era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 27View of Dilek Peninsula-Büyük Menderes Delta National Park (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 28Beaches and marina of Kemer near Antalya on the Turkish Riviera (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 29Turkish national basketball team won the silver medal in the 2010 FIBA World Championship. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 30Selimiye Mosque in Edirne (1568–1574) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 31Ankara (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 32Antalya (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 33Butterfly Valley on the Turkish Riviera. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 34Orhan Pamuk, winner of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 35Mount Ararat (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 36Köppen climate types of Turkey (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 37First Ziraat Bank Headquarters (1925–29) in Ankara designed by Giulio Mongeri is an important symbol of the First National Architectural Movement. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 38Orhan Veli Kanık was the founder of the Garip Movement in Turkish poetry. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 39Roosevelt, İnönü and Churchill at the Second Cairo Conference which was held between 4–6 December 1943. (from History of Turkey)
Image 40Map showing the Anatolian Plate, the North Anatolian Fault and East Anatolian Fault in Turkey. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 41Originally a church, later a mosque, and now a Grand mosque, the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul was built by the Byzantines in the 6th century. (from History of Turkey)
Image 42Map of Istanbul by the miniature artist Matrakçı Nasuh (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 43Kaçkar Mountains (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 44Namık Kemal was a prominent Turkish poet, novelist, playwright and journalist of the late-19th-century Ottoman Empire. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 45The Ottoman Empire in 1683, at the start of the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) (from History of Turkey)
Image 46View of Beydağları Coastal National Park (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 47Istanbul University Faculty of Science and Faculty of Literature Buildings (1944–52) designed by Sedad Hakkı Eldem and Emin Onat (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 48An Oil wrestling tournament in Istanbul. This has been the national sport of Turkey since Ottoman times. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 49Mehmed II enters Constantinople by Fausto Zonaro (from History of Turkey)
Image 50Ankara Opera House, designed by Şevki Balmumcu (1933–34) and renovation by Paul Bonatz (1946–47). (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 51Yalikavak Palmarina in Bodrum (2014) designed by Emre Arolat (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 52Entrance portal of the Karatay Madrasa in Konya (c. 1251) (from Culture of Turkey)

Did you know - show different entries

... that the Monument of Liberty in Istanbul, the gathering place for the second rally of the Republic Protests, is a memorial for the 31 March Incident that took place in 1909? (May 4, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 139
... that Kieran Prendergast was the British Ambassador to Turkey before serving as United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs? (June 21, 2008) Wikipedia:Recent additions 220
... that Trabzonspor were the first Turkish soccer team entitled to participate in the UEFA Women's Champions League? (September 19, 2009) Wikipedia:Recent additions 248
... that Turkish swimmer Derya Büyükuncu is participating at the Summer Olympics for the sixth consecutive time? (July 30, 2012)
... that Leyla Güngör scored a goal against Spain in her first game as a member of the Turkey women's national football team? (December 23, 2013)
... that the Montreux Convention of 1936 is an international treaty regulating the Dardanelles and Bosporus Straits? (July 8, 2008) Wikipedia:Recent additions 221
... that Turkish painter İbrahim Balaban's talent was discovered in prison by fellow inmate and famous Turkish poet Nâzım Hikmet Ran, who called him "my peasant painter"? (May 10, 2014)

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Image 1The sun setting over the Golden Horn in the city of Istanbul.
Image 218th-century Ottoman barber's apron
Image 3the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne
Image 4Ölüdeniz
Image 5Atatürk praying
Image 6Kemer
Image 71. picture on portal: The prominent towers of Dayro d-Mor Gabriel; 15th December 2005
Image 8Cappadocia
Image 9Flag of Turkey, from flowers
Image 10Rize
Image 11Lake Akdoğan in Muş
Image 12The ancient Lake Abant Nature Park in Bolu
Image 13Mount Nemrut
Image 14Antalya
Image 15Tünel, Istanbul
Image 16Aydilge Sarp; Turkish singer, songwriter and novelist
Image 17An airplane with a nazar boncuğu symbol that is said to offer protection from the "evil eye".
Image 18Tarkan with Hungarian fans
Image 19the Bosphorus Bridge
Image 20Iznik, 16th-century vase
Image 21A tram in Istanbul
Image 22Safranbolu
Image 23A faculty of Sakarya University
Image 24Lahmacun
Image 25The Temple of Athena at Priene, an ancient site near Turunçlar in Aydın province.
Image 26The tughra of Mahmud II. "Mahmud Han bin Abdulhamid muzaffer daima" ("Mahmud Khan son of Abdulhamid is forever victorious").
Image 27A Kocek

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Tuncay in 2016

Tuncay Şanlı (Turkish pronunciation: [tunˈdʒaj ˈʃanɫɯ]; born 16 January 1982), often known mononymously as Tuncay, is a Turkish former footballer.

He naturally played as a striker, but was also positioned as an attacking midfielder and on either wing. He was in the Turkey team that finished in third place in both the 2003 Confederations Cup and the 2008 European Championships. With 22 international goals in 80 caps, he is Turkey's third-highest scorer of all time, and tenth-most capped player. (Full article...)

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Burak Yılmaz Piri Reis Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Ahmet Necdet Sezer Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Alp Arslan Nureddin Pasha İsmet İnönü Sıla (singer) Orhan Pamuk Erol Gelenbe Kemal Derviş Hande Yener Sertab Erener Said Altınordu Tarkan (singer) Junayd of Aydın Daron Acemoglu

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Lake Bafa Nature Park, 2015

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Videos from Turkey on Wikimedia Commons

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“

A satiated man doesn't know what's hunger, a healthy man doesn't know what's disease.

”

Turkish proverb

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Turkish proverbs in Wikiquote

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Recognized content

	Alanya, Byzantine Empire, SMS Goeben, The Turk, List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Istanbul, Italian War of 1521–1526, Italian War of 1542–1546, List of battleships of the Ottoman Empire, Rhodes blood libel
	2004 Istanbul summit, 2008 Turkish Grand Prix, Battle of Manzikert, Battle of Marash, Battle of Vaslui, Church of St. Polyeuctus, First Crusade, Great Zab, Hood event, Limyra Bridge, Siege of Szigetvár, Night Attack at Târgoviște, Third Perso-Turkic War, Walls of Constantinople, Gallipoli Campaign, Battle of Lone Pine