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United States presidential elections in Hawaii

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Presidential elections in Hawaii
Map of the United States with Hawaii highlighted
Number of elections16
Voted Democratic14
Voted Republican2
Voted other0
Voted for winning candidate10
Voted for losing candidate6

Hawaii is a state in the Western United States located in the Pacific Ocean about 2,000 miles (3,200 kilometres) from the U.S. mainland.[1] Since its admission to the Union in August 1959,[2][3] it has participated in 16 United States presidential elections. In the 1960 presidential election, Hawaii was narrowly won by the Democratic Party's candidate John F. Kennedy, defeating the Republican Party's candidate and incumbent vice president Richard Nixon by a margin of just 0.06% (115 votes).[4][5] In the 1964 presidential election, the Democratic Party's candidate Lyndon B. Johnson won Hawaii by a margin of 57.52%,[6] which remains the largest ever margin of victory in the state's history. Since the 1960 election, Hawaii has been won by the Democratic Party in every presidential election, except in 1972 and 1984, which were both won in a national Republican landslide victory by Nixon and Ronald Reagan respectively.[7][8]

In the 1992 presidential election, the independent candidate Ross Perot received the highest percentage of vote share (14.22%)[9] ever won by a third-party candidate in Hawaii. In the 2016 presidential election, a faithless elector[a] pledged to the Democratic Party instead voted for Bernie Sanders for president and Elizabeth Warren for vice president.[11] Subsequently, the Democratic ticket of Hillary Clinton and Tim Kaine received only three electoral votes from Hawaii.[12] Gallup Poll has ranked Hawaii in the top ten most Democratic states.[13] As of 2020, no Republican has ever carried the state in two consecutive elections since Nixon and Reagan only won it in their 1972 and 1984 re-election bids, Democrats, however have carried the state in consecutive elections.

Hawaii is a signatory of the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact, an interstate compact in which signatories award all of their electoral votes to the winner of the national-level popular vote in a presidential election, even if another candidate won an individual signatory's popular vote. As of 2021, it has not yet gone into force.[14]

Presidential elections

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Key for parties
  American Independent Party – (AI)
  Democratic Party – (D)
  Green Party – (G)
  Independent candidate – (I)
  Libertarian Party – (LI)
  Reform Party – (RE)
  Republican Party – (R)
Note – A double dagger (‡) indicates the national winner.
Presidential elections in Hawaii from 1960 to present
Year Winner Runner-up Other candidate[b] EV Ref.
Candidate Votes % Candidate Votes % Candidate Votes %
1960
 John F. Kennedy (D) ‡ 92,410 50.03% Richard Nixon (R) 92,295 49.97%
–
–
–
 3
[4][15][16]
1964
 Lyndon B. Johnson (D) ‡ 163,249 78.76% Barry Goldwater (R) 44,022 21.24%
–
–
–
 4
[6][17][18]
1968
 Hubert Humphrey (D) 141,324 59.83% Richard Nixon (R) ‡ 91,425 38.70% George Wallace (AI) 3,469 1.47% 4
[19][20][21]
1972
 Richard Nixon (R) ‡ 168,865 62.48% George McGovern (D) 101,409 37.52%
–
–
–
 4
[22][23][24]
1976
 Jimmy Carter (D) ‡ 147,375 50.59% Gerald Ford (R) 140,003 48.06% Roger MacBride (LI) 3,923 1.35% 4
[25][26][27]
1980
 Jimmy Carter (D) 135,879 44.80% Ronald Reagan (R) ‡ 130,112 42.90% John B. Anderson (I) 32,021 10.56% 4
[28][29][30]
1984
 Ronald Reagan (R) ‡ 185,050 55.10% Walter Mondale (D) 147,154 43.82% David Bergland (LI) 2,167 0.65% 4
[31][32][33]
1988
 Michael Dukakis (D) 192,364 54.27% George H. W. Bush (R) ‡ 158,625 44.75% Ron Paul (LI) 1,999 0.56% 4
[34][35][36]
1992
 Bill Clinton (D) ‡ 179,310 48.09% George H. W. Bush (R) 136,822 36.70% Ross Perot (I) 53,003 14.22% 4
[9][37]
1996
 Bill Clinton (D) ‡ 205,012 56.93% Bob Dole (R) 113,943 31.64% Ross Perot (RE) 27,358 7.60% 4
[38][39]
2000
 Al Gore (D) 205,286 55.79% George W. Bush (R) ‡ 137,845 37.46% Ralph Nader (G) 21,623 5.88% 4
[40][41]
2004
 John Kerry (D) 231,708 54.01% George W. Bush (R) ‡ 194,191 45.26% David Cobb (G) 1,737 0.40% 4
[42][43]
2008
 Barack Obama (D) ‡ 325,871 71.85% John McCain (R) 120,566 26.58% Ralph Nader (I) 3,825 0.84% 4
[44][45]
2012
 Barack Obama (D) ‡ 306,658 70.55% Mitt Romney (R) 121,015 27.84% Gary Johnson (LI) 3,840 0.88% 4
[46]
2016
 Hillary Clinton (D) 266,891 62.22% Donald Trump (R) ‡ 128,847 30.04% Gary Johnson (LI) 15,954 3.72% 4[c]
[47]
2020
 Joe Biden (D) ‡ 366,130 63.73% Donald Trump (R) 196,864 34.27% Jo Jorgensen (LI) 5,539 0.96% 4
[48]

Graph

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ In the United States Electoral College, a faithless elector is one who does not vote for the candidate the elector had pledged to vote, instead voting for another person for president or/and vice president.[10]
  2. ^ For purposes of these lists, other candidates are defined as those who were in third place in Hawaii.
  3. ^ A faithless Democratic elector voted for Bernie Sanders for president and Elizabeth Warren for vice president.[11]

References

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  1. ^ Heckathorn, John; Swenson, J. Patricia Morgan; Motteler, Lee S. "Hawaii". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on June 14, 2021. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  2. ^ Lawrence, W. H. (August 22, 1959). "Hawaii Becomes the 50th State; New Flag Shown; Eisenhower Hails 'Historic Occasion' as Proclamation Joins Territory to Union 'Full Sister' Welcomed Stars Staggered in 9 Rows of 6 and 5 Each in Latest National Standard". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  3. ^ Sprunt, Barbara (August 21, 2020). "Simmering Disputes Over Statehood Are About Politics And Race. They Always Have Been". NPR. Archived from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
  4. ^ a b Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 789.
  5. ^ Tuttle, Daniel W. (1961). "The 1960 Election in Hawaii". The Western Political Quarterly. 14 (1): 331–338. doi:10.2307/443854. JSTOR 443854.
  6. ^ a b Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 790.
  7. ^ Broder, David S. (November 8, 1972). "Nixon Wins Landslide Victory; Democrats Hold Senate, House McGovern Admits Defeat; President Calls for Harmony". The Washington Post. p. A01. Archived from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
  8. ^ Raines, Howell (November 7, 1984). "Reagan Wins By a Landslide, Sweeping at Least 48 States; G.O.P. Gains Strength in House". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 25, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
  9. ^ a b Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 797.
  10. ^ "What is the law on faithless electors?". Library of Congress. December 11, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2021.
  11. ^ a b Hallmann, Jessie (December 19, 2016). "Democratic elector in Hawaii votes for Sanders". The Hill. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  12. ^ "The Latest: Hawaii's 'faithless elector' vote will count". Associated Press. December 20, 2016. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
  13. ^ Jones, Jeffrey M. (February 14, 2015). "Massachusetts, Maryland Most Democratic States". Gallup Polls. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
  14. ^ "Status of National Popular Vote Bill in Each State". National Popular Vote Inc. November 11, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
  15. ^ Leip, David. "1960 Presidential General Election Results – Hawaii". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  16. ^ Presidential elections 1997, p. 118.
  17. ^ Leip, David. "1964 Presidential General Election Results – Hawaii". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  18. ^ Presidential elections 1997, p. 119.
  19. ^ Leip, David. "1968 Presidential General Election Results – Hawaii". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  20. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 791.
  21. ^ Presidential elections 1997, p. 120.
  22. ^ Leip, David. "1972 Presidential General Election Results – Hawaii". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  23. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 792.
  24. ^ Presidential elections 1997, p. 121.
  25. ^ Leip, David. "1976 Presidential General Election Results – Hawaii". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  26. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 793.
  27. ^ Presidential elections 1997, p. 122.
  28. ^ Leip, David. "1980 Presidential General Election Results – Hawaii". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  29. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 794.
  30. ^ Presidential elections 1997, p. 123.
  31. ^ Leip, David. "1984 Presidential General Election Results – Hawaii". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  32. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 795.
  33. ^ Presidential elections 1997, p. 124.
  34. ^ Leip, David. "1988 Presidential General Election Results – Hawaii". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  35. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 796.
  36. ^ Presidential elections 1997, p. 125.
  37. ^ "General Election – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). Secretary of State of Hawaii. November 5, 1992. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 29, 2017. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  38. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 798.
  39. ^ "General Election – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). Secretary of State of Hawaii. November 7, 1996. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 11, 2017. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  40. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 799.
  41. ^ "General Election – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). Secretary of State of Hawaii. November 21, 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  42. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 800.
  43. ^ "General Election 2004 – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). Secretary of State of Hawaii. November 22, 2004. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  44. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 801.
  45. ^ "General Election – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). Secretary of State of Hawaii. November 18, 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 21, 2018. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  46. ^ "Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 31, 2021. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  47. ^ "Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. p. 28. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 31, 2021. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
  48. ^ "Official 2020 Presidential General Election Result" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 10, 2021. Retrieved August 30, 2021.

Works cited

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