2034 in public domain
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When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform. The following is a list of creators whose works enter the public domain in 2034 under the most common copyright regimes.
This list is based on current copyright laws and regulations, which are subject to change without notice.
Countries with life + 70 years
[edit]Except for Belarus (Life + 50 years)[1] and Spain (which has a copyright term of Life + 80 years for creators that died before 1988), a work enters the public domain in Europe 70 years after the creator's death, if it was published during the creator's lifetime.[2][3] In addition, several other countries have a limit of 70 years. The list is sorted alphabetically and includes a notable work of the creator.
Countries with life + 50 years
[edit]In most countries of Africa and Asia, as well as Belarus, Bolivia, New Zealand, Egypt and Uruguay, a work enters the public domain 50 years after the creator's death.
Countries with life + 80 years
[edit]Spain has a copyright term of life + 80 years for creators that died before 1988.[4] In Colombia and Equatorial Guinea, a work enters the public domain 80 years after the creator's death.
United States
[edit]Under the Copyright Term Extension Act, books published in 1938, films released in 1938, and other works published in 1938 will enter the public domain in 2034.[5] Sound recordings published in 1933 and unpublished works whose authors died in 1963 will also enter the public domain.
Significant films entering the public domain in 2034 include Frank Capra's Best Picture Academy Award winner You Can't Take It with You starring James Stewart and Jean Arthur, The Adventures of Robin Hood starring Errol Flynn in the title role alongside Olivia de Havilland, Boys Town with Spencer Tracy and Mickey Rooney, the musical film Alexander's Ragtime Band based around Irving Berlin's same-named song, Alfred Hitchcock's The Lady Vanishes, William Wyler's Jezebel with Bette Davis and Henry Fonda, David Butler's Kentucky with Loretta Young and Richard Greene, The Big Broadcast of 1938 with W. C. Fields and Bob Hope, the Laurel and Hardy comedy Block-Heads, Roy Rogers' debut film Under Western Stars, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's first Technicolor feature film Sweethearts with Jeanette MacDonald and Nelson Eddy, Victor Fleming's Test Pilot, Irving Thalberg's last production Marie Antoinette, Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse cartoon Brave Little Tailor and Silly Symphony short Ferdinand the Bull, and the Looney Tunes cartoons Porky in Wackyland and Porky's Hare Hunt, the latter of which featured a rabbit antagonist who was a prototype of Bugs Bunny.
Among the literary works entering the public domain are Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings' The Yearling, Samuel Beckett's first completed novel Murphy, Daphne du Maurier's novel Rebecca, Eric Knight's Lassie Come Home, T.H. White's The Sword in the Stone, and Herge's Tintin story The Black Island in its original French black-and-white version. The first superhero comic Action Comics 1, which featured the first incarnations of DC Comics' Superman and Lois Lane, will enter the public domain in 2034; the same will also happen for the original incarnation of The Addams Family from their cartoons published in The New Yorker (where the family consisted of only Morticia, Pugsley, Grandmama, and butler Lurch, the last of whom was initially implied to be Morticia's husband and was thus a prototype of Gomez). The Franco-Belgian comic character Spirou will also become public domain in the United States in 2034.
See also
[edit]- List of American films of 1938
- 1938 in literature
- 1938 in music
- 1963 in literature and 1983 in literature for deaths of writers
- Public Domain Day
- Creative Commons
References
[edit]- ^ Law 194-3 of 11 August 1998
- ^ "EU Extends Copyright Term To 70 Years | Billboard". Billboard.biz. 2011-09-12. Archived from the original on 2013-01-06. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
- ^ "EUR-Lex – 32006L0116 – EN – EUR-Lex". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- ^ "Áreas de cultura: Propiedad Intelectual – Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ^ Hirtle, Peter B. (3 January 2020). "Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States". Cornell University Library Copyright Information Center. Retrieved 17 December 2020.