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September 2042 lunar eclipse

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September 2042 lunar eclipse
Penumbral eclipse
The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left
DateSeptember 29, 2042
Gamma−1.0261
Magnitude−0.0011
Saros cycle118 (53 of 73)
Penumbral238 minutes, 32 seconds
Contacts (UTC)
P18:45:03
Greatest10:44:20
P412:43:35

A penumbral lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Monday, September 29, 2042,[1] with an umbral magnitude of −0.0011. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 9 hours before perigee (on September 29, 2042, at 19:45 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2]

Earlier sources compute this as a 0.3% partial eclipse lasting under 12 minutes,[3] but newer calculations list it as a penumbral eclipse that never enters the umbral shadow.

Visibility

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The eclipse will be completely visible over eastern Australia, northeast Asia, and western North America, seen rising over east Asia and western Australia and setting over eastern North America and South America.[4]

Eclipse details

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Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[5]

September 29, 2042 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 0.95481
Umbral Magnitude −0.00105
Gamma −1.02617
Sun Right Ascension 12h23m37.3s
Sun Declination -02°33'13.4"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'57.9"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.8"
Moon Right Ascension 00h25m38.7s
Moon Declination +01°38'07.3"
Moon Semi-Diameter 16'42.1"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°01'18.0"
ΔT 80.7 s

Eclipse season

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See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

Eclipse season of September–October 2042
September 29
Ascending node (full moon)
 October 14
Descending node (new moon)
 October 28
Ascending node (full moon)
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 118		 Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 144		 Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 156
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Eclipses in 2042

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Lunar Saros 118

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Inex

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Triad

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Lunar eclipses of 2042–2045

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[6]

The penumbral lunar eclipse on October 28, 2042 occurs in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Lunar eclipse series sets from 2042 to 2045
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma
113 2042 Apr 05
 Penumbral
 1.1080 118 2042 Sep 29
 Penumbral
 −1.0261
123 2043 Mar 25
 Total
 0.3849 128 2043 Sep 19
 Total
 −0.3316
133 2044 Mar 13
 Total
 −0.3496 138 2044 Sep 07
 Total
 0.4318
143 2045 Mar 03
 Penumbral
 −1.0274 148 2045 Aug 27
 Penumbral
 1.2060

Saros 118

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 118, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 73 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on March 2, 1105. It contains partial eclipses from June 8, 1267 through August 12, 1375; total eclipses from August 22, 1393 through June 22, 1880; and a second set of partial eclipses from July 3, 1898 through September 18, 2024. The series ends at member 73 as a penumbral eclipse on May 7, 2403.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 37 at 99 minutes, 22 seconds on April 7, 1754. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[7]

Greatest First
The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1754 Apr 07, lasting 99 minutes, 22 seconds.[8] Penumbral Partial Total Central
1105 Mar 02
 1267 Jun 08
 1393 Aug 22
 1465 Oct 04
Last
Central Total Partial Penumbral
1826 May 21
 1880 Jun 22
 2024 Sep 18
 2403 May 07

Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1835 and 2200
1835 May 12
(Saros 99) 		1846 Apr 11
(Saros 100) 		1868 Feb 08
(Saros 102) 		1879 Jan 08
(Saros 103)
1933 Aug 05
(Saros 108)
1944 Jul 06
(Saros 109) 		1955 Jun 05
(Saros 110) 		1966 May 04
(Saros 111) 		1977 Apr 04
(Saros 112) 		1988 Mar 03
(Saros 113)
1999 Jan 31
(Saros 114) 		2009 Dec 31
(Saros 115) 		2020 Nov 30
(Saros 116) 		2031 Oct 30
(Saros 117) 		2042 Sep 29
(Saros 118)
2053 Aug 29
(Saros 119) 		2064 Jul 28
(Saros 120) 		2075 Jun 28
(Saros 121) 		2086 May 28
(Saros 122) 		2097 Apr 26
(Saros 123)
2108 Mar 27
(Saros 124) 		2119 Feb 25
(Saros 125) 		2130 Jan 24
(Saros 126) 		2140 Dec 23
(Saros 127) 		2151 Nov 24
(Saros 128)
2162 Oct 23
(Saros 129) 		2173 Sep 21
(Saros 130) 		2184 Aug 21
(Saros 131) 		2195 Jul 22
(Saros 132)

Half-Saros cycle

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A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[9] This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of Solar Saros 125.

September 23, 2033 October 4, 2051

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "September 28–29, 2042 Penumbral Lunar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  3. ^ "Extremes of Lunar Eclipse from 1900 to 2100". www.hko.gov.hk.
  4. ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 2042 Sep 29" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  5. ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 2042 Sep 29". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  6. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  7. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 118". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
  8. ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 118
  9. ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
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